2016 ENV Ministerial - Michelle Harding - OECD - Taxation on gasoline - Air pollution breakout session
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2016 ENV Ministerial - Michelle Harding - OECD - Taxation on gasoline - Air pollution breakout session
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2016 ENV Ministerial - Michelle Harding - OECD - Taxation on gasoline - Air pollution breakout session
- 1. TAXATION OF GASOLINE & DIESEL FOR ROAD TRANSPORT 28 September 2016 Michelle Harding Centre for Tax Policy and Administration
- 2. Transport energy consumption Source: OECD calculations | IEA (2016) Extended Energy Balances 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 All non-road transport fuels Electricity Biofuels Diesel Gasoline Energy Use (EJs)
- 3. Dieselisation in European OECD countries 0% 20% 40% 60% AUT BEL CZE DNK EST FIN FRA DEU GRC HUN IRL ITA LUX NLD NOR POL PRT SVK SVN ESP SWE CHE TUR GBR 1995 2009 % of annual registrationsSource: Harding, M. (2014) The Diesel Differential, OECD Tax Working Paper No. 21
- 4. Effective tax rates in the OECD Source: OECD (2015) Taxing Energy Use in OECD & SPE Countries 0 5 10 15 20 25 TUR NLD NOR ITA GBR GRC DEU FIN SWE BEL FRA CHE IRL DNK ISR PRT JPN AUT SVK CZE OECD-S KOR SVN ESP LUX EST ISL HUN POL NZL CHL AUS OECD-W CAN USA MEX Gasoline(roaduse) Diesel(roaduse) Taxrate(EURperGJ)
- 5. Implications for relative tax levels Contributiontoclimatechange Localairpollution Othersocialcosts • Costperlitreishigherfordiesel • Implieshighertaxrateperlitreof diesel • Noreasontopreferdiesel • Costsfordiesellikelyhighergiven higheremissionsofPMandNOX • Impliesatleastequaltaxrateper litreofdieselfuel • Costslikelytobesimilaror higherfordiesel(dependingon impactofheavyvehicles) • Higherfuelefficiencymeansthat equalper-kmcostsresultina higherper-litreratefordiesel Componentperlitrethatisbased oncarboncontent Componentperlitrethatisbasedonenergycontent Highlyvariableby country
- 6. TAXATION OF GASOLINE & DIESEL FOR ROAD TRANSPORT 28 September 2016 Michelle.Harding@oecd.org Centre for Tax Policy and Administration
Notas do Editor
- May say that local air pollution impacts are strongly dependent on regulation.