VARIOUS CONCEPTS INTERLINKED WITH FOOD AND FOOD RELATED CONCEPTS

1. CONCEPTS
of
FOOD SCIENCE

2. AGENDA
• Definitions – Food, Nutrients, Nutrition and Health
• Classification of Nutrients
• Macro Nutrients
• Micro Nutrients
• Health
• Nutritional classification of Foods

3. DEFINITIONS
Food is defined as anything solid or liquid which when swallowed,
digested and assimilated, nourishes the body
Nutrition has been defined as food at work in the body
Nutrients are components of food that are needed byt the body in
adequate amounts to grow to reproduce and lead a normal healthy life
Health refers to the condition of the body . Word health is defined by
WHO(World Health Organization)

4. Macro Nutrients
• Needed in relatively large amounts
• The macro-nutrients are carbohydrates,
fats, fiber, proteins, and water
Micro nutrients
• Needed in smaller quantities
• The micro-nutrients are minerals and
vitamins.
CLASSIFICATION OF NUTRIENTS

5. MACRO NUTRIENTS
• Proteins : Proteins are required for
growth in children and maintenance of
body weight in adults
• Carbohydrates : They are main source
of energy for doing work.
• Fats : Oils and fats mainly serve as
sources of energy. They contain
essential fatty acids
Cont..

6. MACRO NUTRIENTS (THAT DO NOT PROVIDE ENERGY)
• Fiber :
– It is a non-nutrient component
– They cant be digested by humans but digested by ruminant animals.
– It helps to prevent constipation
• Water :
– About 60-70% of human body weight is water
– Water acts as a building material, solvent, lubricant and temperature regulator

7. MICRO NUTRIENTS
• Minerals : Minerals are essential for various body functions and there are 24
minerals, such as
– calcium and phosphorus : formation of bones and teeth
– sodium potassium and chloride : Maintaining water balance in body
– Iron and copper : hemoglobin
– Iodine : Functioning of thyroid gland
Cont..

8. MICRO NUTRIENTS
• Vitamins : Food contains essentials chemical substances in very small amounts
were called vitamins. We have 14 required for functioning of human body
– Fat soluble vitamins : Vitamin A,D,E and K.
– Water soluble vitamins : Vitamin B1,B2,B6. folic acid, biotin and vitamin C

9. HEALTH
• Health refers to condition of the body and is defined by WHO (World Health
Organization)
• Intake of a diet containing the essential nutrients in correct amount is very
important to maintain good health
• Malnutrition means undesirable condition of nutrition leading to ill health.
• Lack of imbalance nutrients in the diet. It includes under nutrition and over
nutrition
• Under Nutrition : Insufficient supply of essential nutrients
• Over Nutrition : Excessive intake of one or more nutrients which leads to
stress
MALNUTRITION

10. NUTITIOTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FOOD
 Foods are rich in
carbohydrates and fats are
called energy yielding foods.
 Cereals, roots, tubers, dried
fruits, sugar and fats are
included in this group
 Foods rich in proteins and
vitamins and minerals are termed as
protective foods
 Classified into 2 groups :
 Foods rich in viatmins,
minerals and proteins of high
biological value. Eg : Milk
eggs and liver
 Foods rich in viatmins,
minerals only Eg : Green
leafy vegetables and fruits
 Foods which are rich in
proteins are called body
building foods
 Milk, Oil, meat, fish, eggs,
pulses, oil seeds and nuts are
included in this group

11. THANK YOU