2. Linear Algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of
mathematics concerning vector
spaces and linear mappings
between such spaces. It includes
the study of lines, planes, and
subspaces, but is also concerned
with properties common to all
vector spaces.
The three-dimensional Euclidean space
R3 is a vector space, and lines and
planes passing through the origin are
vector subspaces in R3.
3. spectral graph theory
In mathematics, spectral graph theory is the study of properties of a
graph in relationship to the characteristic polynomial, eigenvalues, and
eigenvectors of matrices associated to the graph, such as its adjacency
matrix or Laplacian matrix.
4. Spectral Clustering
Spectral clustering refers to a class of techniques which
rely on the eigen- structure of a similarity matrix to
partition points into disjoint clusters with points in the
same cluster having high similarity and points in dif-
ferent clusters having low similarity.