Asthma is a lung disorder that interferes with breathing.It can appear at any age, but it typically develops during childhood. Those most at risk include people with allergies or a family history of asthma.About 1.4 million patients visit a hospital outpatient department for asthma; almost 1.75 million go to a hospital emergency room.Many people with asthma manage the condition well and can live a healthy and productive life by avoiding triggers and following their allergists’ instructions. If left unmanaged or misdiagnosed, asthma can be fatal; about 3,300 people die from it annually.

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See the difference!!!

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Asthma is a lung disorder that interferes with
breathing. It can cause serious, recurring
episodes of wheezing and breathlessness,
known as asthma attacks. The trouble stems
from chronic inflammation in the tubes that
carry air to the lungs. While there is no cure,
there are highly effective strategies for keeping
asthma symptoms at bay.
What is
asthma?

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How does it happen?

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• Allergens
• Respiratory infections
• Exercise and hyperventilation
• Weather changes
• Sulfur dioxide
• Food, additives, drugs
Factors that Exacerbate
Asthma

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Asthma can appear at any age, but it typically
develops during childhood. Those most at risk
include people with allergies or a family history of
asthma. Having a parent with asthma makes
children more likely to develop the condition.
Gender also plays a role. Asthma is more common in
boys during childhood but in women during
adulthood.
Who Gets Asthma?

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1- Childhood asthma
2-Adult Onset Asthma
3-Occupational Asthma
4- Cough induced Asthma
5- Nocturnal Asthma
6- Exercise induced Asthma
Types of Asthma:

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Diagnosing Asthma
By a lung function test, also called spirometry,
measures how much air you can breathe in and out.
The results will help determine whether you have
asthma and how severe the condition is. Your doctor
may also recommend allergy testing to pinpoint If
asthma is left unmanaged or is misdiagnosed, it can
be deadly.

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■ Achieve and maintain control of symptoms
■Maintain normal activity levels, including exercise
■ Maintain pulmonary function as close to normal
■ Prevent asthma exacerbations
■ Avoid adverse effects from asthma medications
■ Educate continually
■ Provide information about asthma
■ Provide training on self-management skills
■ Emphasize a partnership among health care
providers, the patient, and the patient’s family
■ Prevent asthma mortality
Asthma Management and Prevention Program
Goals of Long-term Management

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The choice of treatment should be guided by:
■ Level of asthma control
■ Current treatment
■ Pharmacological properties and availability of the
various forms of asthma treatment
■ Economic considerations
Treatment of Asthma

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1- Reliever Medications:
▪ Rapid-acting inhaled β2-agonists
▪ Systemic glucocorticosteroids
▪ Inhaled glucocorticosteroids
Medications

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■ Inhaled glucocorticosteroids
■ Leukotriene modifiers
■Long-acting inhaled β2-agonists in combination
with inhaled glucocorticosteroids
■ Systemic glucocorticosteroids
■ Theophylline
■ Cromolyn
■ Cholinergic antagonists
■ Omalizumab
2- Controller Medications:

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Drugs in the Egyptian
market

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Guidelines for the
treatment of asthma:

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http://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-
treatments/asthma
http://acaai.org/asthma/copd
http://www.webmd.com/asthma/ss/slideshow-
asthma-overview
Color Atlas of Pharmacology,2nd Edition.
Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology Sixth
Edition
Egyptian Drug Guide 3rd Edition,2011.
Medscape
Reference:

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X Team