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 Merupakan kaedah mengubah saiz sesuatu gambar mengikut skala /
nisbah yang dikehendaki
 Dua kaedah yang digunakan:
 Nisbah sisi
 Nisbah luas
 Konsep nisbah
 Maka sekiranya soalan menunjukkan nisbah;
 4:5 ia adalah pengecilan kerana saiz imej 4 adalah lagi kecil
daripada saiz objek iaitu 5
 5:3 ia adalah pembesaran kerana saiz imej 5 adalah lagi
besar dari saiz objek iaitu 3
Imej : objek
3 : 6
Nisbah ukuran
yang ada pada
soalan
Ukuran nisbah
baru yang perlu
dilukis
 Pengecilan Rajah Melalui Nisbah Sisi (4:5)
E
A B
C
D
Q
P
B’
1
2
3
4
5
C’
D’
P’
Q’
E’
a) Pilih satu titik yang sesuai
dijadikan titik pancaran (Titik A)
b) Lukis pembahagi garis mengikut
nilai terbesar yang terdapat nisbah
yang diberi (5 bahagian)
c) Bina garisan yang mencantumkan
hujung garisan objek dengan
nisbah objek ( Titik B dan bahagian
ke 5)
d) Selari kan garisan B-5 di nisbah 4.
Titik B’ diperolehi.
e) Berpusat di A, Lukis garisan
pancaran kesetiap bucu objek dan
pusat bulatan
f) Selarikan titik BC di titik B’. Titik
persilangan C’ diperolehi
g) Ulang langkah (f) sehingga semua
titik diperolehi
1
2
3
4
A B B’
C
E
C’
O
O’
D
D’
E’
5
P
R
 Pembesaran Rajah Melalui Nisbah Luas (5:4)
Y X Z
 Pembesaran Rajah Melalui Nisbah Luas (5:4)
a) Pilih satu titik yang sesuai dijadikan titik pancaran (Titik A)
b) Bina garisan serenjang dititik A
c) Bina semi bulatan berjejari AB, titik persilangan P diperolehi
d) Dititik A, lukis pembahagi garis mengikut nilai terbesar yang
terdapat nisbah yang diberi (5 bahagian)
e) Bina garisan yang mencantumkan hujung semi bulatan (Titik X)
dengan nisbah objek ( bahagian ke 4)
f) Selarikan garisan X-4 di nisbah 5. Titik Y diperolehi.
g) Bahagi 2 garisan Y-B, Titik Z diperolehi
h) Perpusat di Z, bina semibulatan berjejari YZ, titik R diperolehi
i) Cantumkan titik P dan B
j) Selarikan garisan PB dititik R, titik B’ diperolehi
k) Perpusat dititik A, bina garisan pancaran ke semua bucu objek dan
pusat bulatan
l) Selarikan garisan BC dititik B’, titik C’ diperolehi
m) Ulang langkah ( l ) sehingga semua titik diperolehi

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Nota Pembesaran dan Pengecilan.pptx

  • 1.
  • 2.  Merupakan kaedah mengubah saiz sesuatu gambar mengikut skala / nisbah yang dikehendaki  Dua kaedah yang digunakan:  Nisbah sisi  Nisbah luas
  • 3.  Konsep nisbah  Maka sekiranya soalan menunjukkan nisbah;  4:5 ia adalah pengecilan kerana saiz imej 4 adalah lagi kecil daripada saiz objek iaitu 5  5:3 ia adalah pembesaran kerana saiz imej 5 adalah lagi besar dari saiz objek iaitu 3 Imej : objek 3 : 6 Nisbah ukuran yang ada pada soalan Ukuran nisbah baru yang perlu dilukis
  • 4.  Pengecilan Rajah Melalui Nisbah Sisi (4:5) E A B C D Q P B’ 1 2 3 4 5 C’ D’ P’ Q’ E’ a) Pilih satu titik yang sesuai dijadikan titik pancaran (Titik A) b) Lukis pembahagi garis mengikut nilai terbesar yang terdapat nisbah yang diberi (5 bahagian) c) Bina garisan yang mencantumkan hujung garisan objek dengan nisbah objek ( Titik B dan bahagian ke 5) d) Selari kan garisan B-5 di nisbah 4. Titik B’ diperolehi. e) Berpusat di A, Lukis garisan pancaran kesetiap bucu objek dan pusat bulatan f) Selarikan titik BC di titik B’. Titik persilangan C’ diperolehi g) Ulang langkah (f) sehingga semua titik diperolehi
  • 5. 1 2 3 4 A B B’ C E C’ O O’ D D’ E’ 5 P R  Pembesaran Rajah Melalui Nisbah Luas (5:4) Y X Z
  • 6.  Pembesaran Rajah Melalui Nisbah Luas (5:4) a) Pilih satu titik yang sesuai dijadikan titik pancaran (Titik A) b) Bina garisan serenjang dititik A c) Bina semi bulatan berjejari AB, titik persilangan P diperolehi d) Dititik A, lukis pembahagi garis mengikut nilai terbesar yang terdapat nisbah yang diberi (5 bahagian) e) Bina garisan yang mencantumkan hujung semi bulatan (Titik X) dengan nisbah objek ( bahagian ke 4) f) Selarikan garisan X-4 di nisbah 5. Titik Y diperolehi. g) Bahagi 2 garisan Y-B, Titik Z diperolehi h) Perpusat di Z, bina semibulatan berjejari YZ, titik R diperolehi i) Cantumkan titik P dan B j) Selarikan garisan PB dititik R, titik B’ diperolehi k) Perpusat dititik A, bina garisan pancaran ke semua bucu objek dan pusat bulatan l) Selarikan garisan BC dititik B’, titik C’ diperolehi m) Ulang langkah ( l ) sehingga semua titik diperolehi