Day-3
6 Days online
Workshop by AIOU
Dr. Muhammad Jamil
(PhD Education)
0300-4255912
Resource Person
Development of Topic in Research Project

Action Research?
3 Aspects of a Topic

Some important points to Remember
• Only HANDWRITTEN manual will be uploaded (max of 5 MB file)
• The manual can be downloaded from your LMS 8613 portal
• There is space on top for your Roll number on each page. You MUST write your
Roll No. in the given box on each page of your work.
• You MUST get your topic approved from your supervisor till February 10. No
late approval will be accepted.
• No language other than English will be accepted for writing your project report.

Today………
We will discuss how to develop a TOPIC for your Research Project

Main Components of a Topic
Your topic for this project should contain three important things
• What are you going to do?
• How are you going to do?
• To whom are you going to involve? (the participants)

What are you going to do?
Suppose, you have selected ‘Creativity’ as a sub-theme, and you want to develop
creativity among children then we will start our topic as “Developing Creativity
…..”

How are you going to do?
• Suppose, you have selected ‘Creativity’ as a sub-theme, you will search ‘how to
develop “Creativity” among students’ on Google.
• You will find many techniques to develop creativity among students. Select any one of
the technique….
• For example, you select ‘Questioning’ as a technique to develop Creativity. Then, by
combining it with the previous slide, the topic will be…..
“Developing Creativity through Questioning Technique…..”

To whom are you going to involve? (the participants)
• Now we need to add one more thing in our topic….
• The participants
• Suppose, we are going to develop Creativity among class VII students, we will add it
in our topic so our topic will be
“Developing Creativity through Questioning Technique among Grade 7 Students”

Follow this pattern
Developing / Enhancing / Improving ___________________ (selected sub-theme)
Through / using ___________________ (selected technique)
Among/at __________________ (class / age of the students you are going to
work with or primary/ elementary/secondary level)

Topic Selection
Topic of every student will be based on
theme and sub themes.
(Research Projects with similar topics will be
rejected and declared “Fail”.
So, Choose your topic individually.
Development/improvement/Promotion of Creativity (Sub-theme)
through/by Questioning (technique) at Secondary level (level of
students/ grade of the students)
Topic Example

Topic of every student will be based on theme and sub themes (Research Projects with
similar topics will be rejected and declared “Fail”. So, Choose your topic individually.
Name of the School (where the action research was conducted): Govt. High School ABC.
MARKS DISTRIBUTION OF THE RESEARCH PROJECT
• Overall background of the Participants of the Project; area/school: (socio-economic status,
occupation/profession – earning trends of majority of the parents, literacy rate, academic quality, and any other
special trait of the community where the school is situated) (10 marks)
1. Why did you select this specific sub-theme and topic? Relate it to your experience / problem in your
classroom/institution. (10 marks)
(Give the background and rationale/ reason of the study)
2. What was your discussion with your Colleague/friend/senior teacher or supervisor regarding the problem?
(05 marks)
(Provide your discussion with your colleague or supervisor for better understanding and solutions)
3. What did you find about the problem in the existing literature (books / articles / websites)?
(10 marks)
(Explore books and online resources to know what and how has been already done regarding this problem)
Questions of Research Manual

4. What were the major variables / construct of your project? Give definitions / description from literature.
(05 marks)
(What are the key terms in your topic or study? what do you mean of these terms? What particular meaning
you will attach to the term when used in this project?)
5. What did you want to achieve in this research project? (05 marks)
(Objective/purpose of the study; what was the critical question that was tried to be answered in this project)
6. Who were the participants in your project? (05 marks)
(Give details of the individuals or groups who were focused in this project)
7. How did you try to solve the problem? (10 marks)
(Narrate the process step-wise. The procedure of intervention and data collection)
(Pre-test/ observation, action plan, action implementation, post-test etc.)
Questions of Research Manual

Questions of Research Manual
8. What kind of instrument was used to collect the data? How was the instrument developed?
(05 marks)
(For Example, observation, interview, student work, portfolio, test, etc.)
9. What were the findings and conclusions? (Provide instruments and analysis as appendix)
(What did you find at result, you have solved the problem of project. (10 marks)
10. Summary of the Project (05 marks)
(What and how was the research conducted – You will describe main Objective, Process and Findings)
11. How do you feel about this practice? What have you learnt? (Self-reflection) (10 marks)
12. What has it added to your professional skills as a teacher? (Your experience) (05 marks)
13. List the works you cited in your project (follow the APA manual – 6th Edition) (05 marks)

Sources of Locating Literature
• Google search (google.com.pk)
• Google Scholar (http://scholar.google.com)
• ERIC (Education Resources Information Center) (https://eric.ed.gov)
• Pakistan Research Repository (http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui)
• Science direct (https://www.sciencedirect.com)
• Directory of open access journals (https://doaj.org/)
• Pakistan Journal of Education - Allama Iqbal Open University (https://pje.aiou.edu.pk/)
• Bulletin of Education & Research - Punjab University (pu.edu.pk/home/journal/32)
• Research Articles published in Journals
• Theses & dissertations

Sources of Locating Literature and
referencing/ APA Manual
• Previous literature may be sought through from previous Books, Journal Articles,
Dissertations, etc. (Need in Question 3 of Manual)
• APA Manual References:
• Provide references using APA (American Psychological Association) style
• These are given in-text (during writing) and at the end. For example.
• In-text citation
In the view of Siegel (2005), or the statement of the author (Siege, 2005).
• Full Reference (at the end)
Siegel, C. (2005). Implementing a research-based model of
cooperative learning. The Journal of Educational Research, 98(6),
339-349.

It is mandatory to use one of the given sub-themes in
your topic (exact wording of the sub-theme as given
by the University)

Insha Allah, We will discuss about Topics Tomorrow!