1. Essential Englisch
- adjectives and adverbs
- comparison
Alice

2. adjectives & adverbs
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison
What is an adjective? How do we use it? Write
down an example for yourself:
What is an adverb? How do we use it? Write down
an example for yourself:

3. Adjectives on -ing and -ed
• My job is interesting.
• This book is amazing.
• The movie was
disappointing.
• Things are x-ing.
I’m interested in the job.
I’m amazed by the book.
I’m disappointed by the
movie.
We are x-ed by/in things.
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

4. Adjectives & Adverbs
• Laura has got brown eyes.
• It’s a nice day.
• I love Italian food.
• I don’t speak any foreign languages.
 adjective + noun
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

5. Adjectives & Adverbs (2)
• The weather is nice today,
• These flowers are very beautiful.
• I am hungry.
• The film was boring.
 to be + adjective
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

6. Adjectives & Adverbs (3)
• You look tired.
• I feel happy.
• The food smells really good.
• Peter’s new job sounds interesting.
 look/feel/smell/taste/sound + adjective!!
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

7. Adjectives & Adverbs (4)
Summary:
- adjective + noun
- to be + adjective
- look/feel/smell/taste/sound + adjective
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

8. Adjectives: comparative
- 1 syllable:
old  old-er
nice  nic-er
big  big-g-er (Appendix 5)
- 2 syllables:
easy  eas-i-er
heavy  heav-i-er
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

9. Adjectives: comparative (2)
• We can use the comparative form in the
following ways:
– I want a bigger TV screen.
– It is cheaper to go by bike.
– Don’t take the bus in Lisbon. It’s faster to take a
taxi.
– etc.
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

10. Adjectives: comparative (3)
- 2 and more syllables: more
careful  more careful
(  less careful)
expensive  more expensive
(  less expensive)
- irregular comparatives:
good  better
bad  worse
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

11. Adjectives: superlatives
- 1 syllable:
old  older  the old-est
nice  nicer  the nic-est
big  bigger  the big-g-est
- 2 syllables:
easy  easier  the eas-i-est
heavy heavier  the heav-i-est
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

12. Adjectives: superlatives (2)
• We can use the superlative form in the
following ways:
– I want the biggest TV screen.
– Pete is the tallest in our class.
– This is the greatest song in the world.
– etc.
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

13. Adjectives: superlative (3)
- 2 and more syllables: more
careful  more careful the most careful
( less careful the least careful)
expensive  more expensive the most expensive
- irregular comparatives:
good better  the best
bad worse  the worst
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

14. Comparison
• comparative: x is older than y (älter als)
- Peter is older than Jack.
- Mary is more careful than Sandra.
- Sandra is less careful than Mary.
• comparative: as…..as (gleich .... wie ...)
- Luke is as tall as John.
- Kelly isn’t as smart as Kathy.
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

15. Adjectives & Adverbs
• Traditionally considered a single part of speech, adverbs
perform a wide variety of functions, making it difficult to
treat them as a single, unified category. However, spotting
an adverb, especially one that ends in -ly is easy. Adverbs
normally help paint a fuller picture by describing how
something happens, such as
• When? She always arrives early.
• How? He drives carefully.
• In what way? She eats slowly.
• To what extent? It is terribly hot
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

16. Adjectives & Adverbs
• There are five main kinds of adverbs, each answering a different
question. They include:
• adverbs of manner (how something happens) -
angrily, hungrily, beautifully
• adverbs of time (when does something happen) -
yesterday, tomorrow, next week
• adverbs of place (where something happens) - here, there, nowhere
• adverbs of degree (how much does something happen) -
almost, so, very
• adverbs of frequency (how often something happens) -
always, never, often
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

17. Adjectives & Adverbs
An adverb is often one of the more descriptive words in a sentence. Once
you find the adverb in a sentence, you can determine what question it’s
answering.
• The dog messily ate his dinner. (How did the dog eat his dinner?)
• We go bowling quite often. (How often do you go bowling?)
• I hurriedly handed in my test. (How did you hand it?)
• Let's eat dinner outside. (Where should we eat dinner?)
• My roommate is so annoying. (How annoying is he?)
• Marcia finished the project last night. (When did she finish it?)
• She reluctantly washed the dishes. (How did she wash the
dishes?)
• This car is incredibly expensive. (How expensive is it?)
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18. Adjectives & Adverbs
Many consider conjunctive adverbs (such as also, besides,
meanwhile, however, etc.) to be another type of adverb.
Conjunctive adverbs function like conjunctions to join two
sentences or concepts.
• I just wanted to say hello. Also, I forgot to thank you for your
gift.
• The villain cackled at his evil plan. Meanwhile, the superhero
protected the streets.
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19. Adjectives & Adverbs
• Susan is a quiet girl. She speaks quietly.
quiet  quiet-ly
• Peter is a quick learner. He learns quickly.
quick  quick-ly
• Sandra is a careful reader. She reads carefully.
careful  careful-ly
• Jack likes slow food. He eats slowly.
slow  slow-ly
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison

20. Common Errors With Adverbs and Adjectives
Since adverbs and adjectives both modify other
words, people often mistakenly use an adjective
when they should use an adverb and vice versa.
• But adjectives can only modify nouns, so
they’re not interchangeable with adverbs —
even if the words are similar.
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21. Team Work
• Make a short paragraph about the significance
of life from your own perspective. 出题（不限
时态）
• Do not show the right format of the words,
only the original format. (10 gap fillings) 填写
单词的正确形式
• Exchange your article with other groups and
complete the gap-filling. 小组交换答题
• Answer analysis. 分析答案
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English Basics: adjectives, adverbs,
comparison