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Contents
 An Introduction
 History of mobile operating systems
 Latest mobile operating systems
Android
iOS (Apple)
Windows for mobile
BlackBerry OS
Bada (Samsung)
Symbian (Nokia)
 Market comparison for the operating systems
 Issues relating to the smart mobile phone operating systems
 Conclusion
 Reference
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 2
Introduction
In present scenario mobile is an important and useful thing in day to day life. This is the era of the
smart-phones and plethora of applications available for a particular smart phone. This is not the day when phones
are used only to make and receive calls or chatting with friends via messaging. Today phones are not just a phone,
these are the smart phones which have all the features to pursue a smart life in this rapidly growing age of
technology. The people needs a technical support on every go and the smart phones provide them all the
attributes like a personal computer.
The heart of a mobile device is its operating system, which governs its built-in computing power as well
as applications, services like e-mail, and cellular-network features such as visual voice mail.
An operating system manages the hardware and software resources of smart phones. Operating system
creates an interface between the user and the system. Some OS platforms cover the entire range of the software
stack. Others may only include the lower levels (typically the kernel and middleware layers) and rely on additional
software platforms to provide a user interface framework. In mobile systems it increase the productivity of the
phone. This kind of mobile phones in which operating systems are used are known as SMART MOBILE PHONES. In
this category we also include PDA’s, tables etc.
A Smart mobile OS reflects your lifestyle because it determines the choice of apps and phone
functionality. In mobile phones generally Palm OS, BlackBerry, Windows for Mobile, Symbian, Android, and MAC
(iPhone OS) etc. operating systems are used which frequently update with new features.
Before understanding operating system we have to know some facts about smart phones.
*What are the smart phones?
Smart phones are usually thought of as being a mobile phone and a handheld computer combined, but that does
little to distinguish between the vast number of different models on the market. So, before we identify how to find
the best smart phone for you, let's start by splitting mobile phones into three categories that define what they're
capable of: dumbphones, featurephones, and smart phones.
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 3
First up is the dumbphone - not a very flattering description of the technology that kick-started a global
communications revolution, but nonetheless fitting for phones that can do little more than make calls, send text
messages and manage your contacts.
Using a mobile phone as, well, a mobile phone is more than enough for many people, but the rise of the internet
has created a need for access to other kinds of communication on the move. This is where the featurephone
comes in.
Although they work (and often look) just like a traditional mobile phone, large colour screens and more powerful
hardware mean that featurephones are a bit more capable than dumbphones. Most can play simple games, double
up as a digital camera and act as a basic MP3 player, but web browsing and email are also on offer. Few
featurephones excel in any of these areas though, since they're phones first and everything else second, so those
extras are really only suited to occasional use.
So, if you need all the power of an internet-connected computer in your pocket, you need a smart phone.
Qwerty keyboards, fast data connections and the ability to install new applications mean that these mini marvels
can do almost anything a laptop can - albeit with a few restrictions imposed by their smaller screens.
*What is mobile internet?
As far as smart phones are concerned, the mobile internet isn't much different to the desktop internet.
Unlike early featurephones that relied on severely limited WAP browsers for web access, modern smart phones
have full web browsers that are every bit as capable as Internet Explorer or Firefox.
Since screen sizes are closer to 4" than 14" though, browsing the web on a smart phone does involve a few
compromises. The most obvious is that text can be too small to read until you zoom into a page, but some smart
phones make this so easy that the action soon becomes second nature.
The best smart phones handle email just as easily as a desktop or laptop computer, too. Almost all email
service providers are supported, which means you can manage your messages from wherever you are.
Social networking works well with smart phones too, and having access to Facebook or Twitter on a
handheld device you always carry with you makes such services all the more useful.
*What are the mobile applications?
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 4
Mobile applications - or 'apps' - are no different to the applications you use on a desktop or laptop
computer, and they're the reason that the best touch screen phones are so powerful. Apps can turn a smart
phone into a powerful handheld games console, an ebook reader, video player, sat-nav device and much more
besides - and the number of apps you can use is only limited by the storage capacity of the smart phone.
Smart phone apps are downloaded from the internet using either the smart phone itself, or with a
computer for later installation via synchronisation. There's a mix of free and paid-for apps for all smart phone
operating systems, but it's important to note that apps designed for one won't work on another.
A wide selection of apps is no guarantee of quality, but it does increase the chances of finding a
particular app you want. The iPhone is the smartphone currently favoured by many app creators and the Apple
App Store has thousands to download. Other smart phones don't have anywhere near this number, so if there's a
specific type of app you know you'll want, find out if it's available for your chosen smartphone before buying.
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 5
History
The first smartphone was the IBM simon; it was designed in 1992 and shown as a concept product that
year at COMDEX, the computer industry trade show held in Las Vegas, Nevada. It was released to the public in
1993 and sold by BellSouth. Besides being a mobile phone, it also contained a calendar, address book, world clock,
calculator, note pad, e-mail client, the ability to send and receive faxes, and games. It had no physical buttons,
instead customers used a touchscreen to select telephone numbers with a finger or create faxes and memos with
an optional stylus. Text was entered with a unique on-screen "predictive" keyboard. By today's standards, the
Simon would be a fairly low-end product, lacking a camera and the ability to download third-party applications.
However, its feature set at the time was highly advanced.
The Nokia Communicator line was the first of Nokia's smartphones starting with the Nokia 9000,
released in 1996. This distinctive palmtop computer style smartphone was the result of a collaborative effort of
an early successful and costly personal digital assistant (PDA) by Hewlett-Packard combined with Nokia's best-
selling phone around that time, and early prototype models had the two devices fixed via a hinge. The
Communicators are characterized by a clamshell design, with a feature phone display, keyboard and user
interface on top of the phone, and a physical QWERTY keyboard, high-resolution display of at least 640×200 pixels
and PDA user interface under the flip-top. The software was based on the GEOS V3.0 operating system, featuring
email communication and text-based web browsing. In 1998, it was followed by Nokia 9110, and in 2000 by Nokia
9110i, with improved web browsing capability.
In 1997 the term 'smartphone' was used for the first time when Ericsson unveiled the concept phone
GS88, the first device labelled as 'smartphone'.
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 6
The Android operating system for smart phones was released in 2008 in INDIA. It is an open-source
operating system. Android OS backed by Google, along with major hardware and software developers (such as
Intel, HTC, Motorola, Samsung, Nokia and many more). Android OS is a modified version of Linux kernel. The
Android SDK includes debugger, libraries, a handset emulator, documentation, sample code, and tutorials.
Google’s own participation in app development for Android platform – These applications include Google
Voice, Sky Map, Finance, Maps Editor, Places Directory for their Local Search, Google Goggles that searches by
image, Google Translate, Listen for podcasts and My Tracks.
Apart from these major OSs,there are many others that share smaller markets, viz., Ubuntu, Maemo etc.
The Android operating system and the smart phones that run it are seen as the main competitor to the
iPhone, although nowhere near as many have been sold. The Google Nexus One is considered to be the definitive
Android smart phone, but the HTC Desire is just as good. Android isn't as polished as the iPhone operating system,
but it looks and works in a similar way - and the number of apps is quickly growing.
Current features and specifications:
Handset layouts
The platform is adaptable to larger, VGA, 2D graphics library, 3D graphics library based on OpenGL
ES 2.0 specifications, and traditional smartphone layouts.
Connectivity
Android supports connectivity technologies including GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth,
Wi-Fi, LTE, NFC and WiMAX.
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 7
Supported applications
Now a days android has the biggest application market. It also provide a no of applications with its
hardware like text messaging, Android Push Messaging service, web browser, media player, video
player, third-party applications and many more.
Additional hardware support
Android can use video/still cameras, touchscreens, GPS, accelerometers, gyroscopes, barometers,
magnetometers, dedicated gaming controls, proximity and pressure sensors, thermometers,
accelerated 2D bit blits (with hardware orientation, scaling, pixel format conversion) and accelerated 3D
graphics.
Multi-touch
Android has native support for multi-touch which was initially made available in handsets such as
the HTC Hero. The feature was originally disabled at the kernel level (possibly to avoid infringing Apple's
patents on touch-screen technology at the time). Google has since released an update for the Nexus
One and the Motorola Droid which enables multi-touch natively.
Multitasking
Multitasking of applications, with unique handling of memory allocation, is available.
External storage
Most Android devices include microSD slot and can read microSD cards formatted
with FAT32, Ext3fs or Ext4fs file system. To allow use of high-capacity storage media.
Android in a nutshell
Google's mobile operating system
Form factor: Available on all carriers, all shapes, all sizes
All capabilities: Range from budget to super premium
Not all Android phones are created equal in capability: some have excellent cameras, screens, etc. Some don't.
Easiest compatibility with Google services, Google Music, other Android devices
Interface: Varies by manufacturers, has a small learning curve for some features
Key features: Free voice navigation with turn-by-turn directions, very customizable, voice actions
Next big phone release: Samsung Galaxy Nexus phone
Next big operating system release: Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich. Released with Galaxy Nexus,
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 8
iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system developed and distributed by Apple Inc. Originally
released in 2007 for the iPhone and iTouch pad, it has since been extended to support other Apple devices such as
the ipad and Apple TV. Unlike Windows CE (Mobile and Phone) and Android, Apple does not license iOS for
installation on non-Apple hardware.
The user interface of iOS is based on the concept of direct manipulation, using multi-touch gestures.
Interface control elements consist of sliders, switches, and buttons. The response to user input is immediate and
provides a fluid interface. Interaction with the OS includes gestures such as swipe, tap, pinch, and reverse pinch,
all of which have specific definitions within the context of the iOS operating system and its multi-touch interface.
Internal accelerometers are used by some applications to respond to shaking the device or rotating it in three
dimensions. iOS is derived from Mac OS X, with which it shares the Darwin foundation, and is therefore
a Unix operating system.
In iOS, there are four abstraction layers: the Core OS layer, the Core Services layer, the Media layer,
and the Cocoa Touch layer.
Features & Specifications:
Home screen
The home screen also known as "SpringBoard", displays application icons and a dock at the bottom of
the screen where users can pin their most frequently used apps. The home screen appears whenever
the user switches on the device or presses the "Home" button.
Folder System
With iOS 4 came the introduction of a simple folder system. A title for the folder is automatically
selected by the type of applications inside, but the name can also be edited by the user.
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 9
Notification Center
In the iOS 5, the notifications collate in a window which can be dragged down from the top of the screen.
If a user touches a received notification, he/she will go to the application that sent the notification.
Included applications
The iOS home screen contains these default "apps". All of the utilities, such as voice memos, clock,
calculator, and compass are in one folder called "Utilities". Many of the included applications are
designed to share data. The iPod touch retains the same applications that are present by default on the
iPhone, with the exception of the Phone, Messages, Compass and Camera apps.
Multitasking
iOs supports multitasking through seven background applications i.e. Background audio, Voice over IP,
Background location, Push notifications, Local notifications, Task completion & Fast app switching.
Game Center
Game Center is an online multiplayer "social gaming network" released by Apple. Through this user can
play games online and can also find and invite his / her friends to join and play the games.
iPhone in a nutshell
Runs Apple's iOS 5 operating system
Available on three carriers: AT&T, Verizon, Sprint
Available on three storage sizes: 16GB, 32GB, 64GB
Easiest compatibility with iTunes, Apple ecosystem, and products
Form factor: One 3.5-inch screen (on the smaller size by today's standards)
Interface: Approachable, but not very customizable. Some hidden features
Key features: Excellent 8-megapixel camera, front-facing camera, colorful Siri voice assistant
Next big release: iPhone 5
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 10
The current version is called “Windows Mobile 6.5″ . It is based on the Windows CE 5.2 kernel, and
features a suite of basic applications developed using the Microsoft Windows API. It is designed to be somewhat
similar to desktop versions of Windows, feature-wise and aesthetically. Additionally, third-party software
development is available for Windows Mobile, and software can be purchased via the Windows Marketplace for
Mobile.
Third-party software development is available for the Windows Phone operating system. There are several
options for developers to use when deploying a mobile application. This includes writing native code with Visual
C++, writing Managed code that works with the .NET Compact Framework, or Server-side code that can be
deployed using Internet Explorer Mobile or a mobile client on the user’s device. The .NET Compact Framework is
actually a subset of the .NET Framework and hence shares many components with software development on
desktop clients, application servers, and web servers.
Windows Mobile Professional runs on ‘Windows Phones’ with touchscreens
Windows Mobile Standard runs on ‘Windows Phones’ with regular screens
Windows Mobile Classic which runs on ‘Windows Mobile Classic devices’
Features & Specifications :
Connectivity
Windows mobile phones provide connectivity with the world via WiFi, 2G & 3G network connectivity. But
window mobile phones does not have Bluetooth because window having a problem of generating viruses
that’s why Bluetooth connectivity avoided into window mobile phones.
Sensors
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 11
In window operating system powered mobile phones there are a no of sensors available. In window
phones proximity sensor, multitouch sensor, motion sensor included for batter productivity and usability
of the mobile phones.
Application support
Window operating system market is not as large in compare to the android and iOS. But it supports only
genuine applications from Microsoft site. There are a no. of inbuilt applications are available with the
window phones like messenger, media player, video player, windows internet explorer web browser,
camera etc.
Microsoft office
Microsoft office is one of the unique feature of windows phones. This is different from other smart
phones. Windows operating system powered mobile phones are basically pocket PC, coz these have all
the facilities like a personal computer.
Multitasking
As u all knows that windows is a multitasking operating system. User can easily access more then one
applications at a time. Unlike others window has no limitations to access applications, user can easily
access seven – eight applications with the smart phone at the time.
Windows Phone in a nutshell:
Microsoft's mobile operating system
Form factor: Available on all carriers, all shapes, all sizes.
AT&T has the largest and best selection
All capabilities: Mostly midrange, solid performers. Minimum 5-megapixel camera
Easiest compatibility with Zune, Xbox Live, Microsoft services like Microsoft Office, SkyDrive online storage
Interface: Very straightforward, but some hidden capabilities
Key features: Clean interface, built-in barcode-scanning and music identification, Xbox Live integration, voice
actions
Next big phone release: Nokia Lumia 800 or similar for U.S. markets
Next big operating system release: Unknown. Version 7.5 Mango
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 12
Proprietary software platform, created by Research In Motion, for BlackBerry phones.
The operating system provides multitasking and supports specialized input devices that have been
adopted by RIM for use in its handhelds, particularly the trackwheel, trackball, and most recently, the trackpad
and touchscreen.
The BlackBerry platform is perhaps best known for its native support for corporate email, through MIDP
1.0 and, more recently, a subset of MIDP 2.0, which and allows complete wireless activation and synchronization
with Microsoft Exchange, Lotus Domino, or Novell GroupWise email, calendar, tasks, notes, and contacts, when
used in conjunction with BlackBerry Enterprise Server. The operating system also supports WAP 1.2.
RIM’s BlackBerry OS has the most reliable email so BlackBerry phones are considered the best email
machines. It supports up to 10 private or corporate email accounts and instantly pushes messages to your phone
via RIM’s efficient servers. The OS also has the app store called BlackBerry App World, a reliable browser, cool
maps app, and comprehensive media features. BlackBerry OS is menu-driven and relies on a trackball or
trackpad, but it also supports touch on devices like the Storm. The OS integrates with Facebook (photo uploads,
profile pics, and more) and has an intelligent keyboard software called SureType that, RIM fans say, turns average
BlackBerry users into typing machines.
Features and Specification :
Attractive qwerty hardware
Blackberry widely recognize as qwerty hardware. A large range of mobile phone provided by blackberry
are qwerty. These are good in looking and loaded with special features.
Application support
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 13
As other operating systems blackberry also have its own market for applications and at the same time it
also comes with preloaded applications.
BBM for blackberry
RIM operating system (Blackberry Operating System) have a very unique feature that is BBM
(BlackBerry Messenger). BBM create messages with fun. When BBM activated on the device it makes
messaging and chatting very easy.
Connectivity
BlackBerry also known for its good connectivity supports. Every device or mobile phone contain the
features like wifi, Bluetooth, edge etc.
Storage
BlackBerry does not have an external storage support. It comes with inbuilt memory that is 8GB, 16GB,
32GB & 64GB.
BlackBerry Phone in a nutshell:
RIM (BlackBerry) mobile operating system
Form factor: Available with qwerty and touch models
Come out from the creativity of Research in motions
All capabilities: mid to high range, solid performers, good camera, BBM
Hardware oriented operating system
Interface: Very straightforward
Key features: Clean interface, connectivity, hardware
Next big phone release: Blackberry atom ver. 3.8
Next big operating system release: RIM 7.0
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 14
Made Open Source by contributions from Nokia, NTT DoCoMo, Sony Ericsson and Symbian Ltd
Symbian has a microkernel architecture, which means that the minimum necessary is within the kernel
to maximize robustness, availability and responsiveness. It contains a scheduler, memory management and device
drivers, but other services like networking, telephony and filesystem support are placed in the OS Services Layer
or the Base Services Layer. The inclusion of device drivers means the kernel is not a true microkernel. The EKA2
real-time kernel, which has been termed a nanokernel, contains only the most basic primitives and requires an
extended kernel to implement any other abstractions. The operating system consists of the kernel and
middleware components of the software stack. The upper layers are supplied by application platforms like S60,
UIQ, and MOAP.
Symbian, which powers most of Nokia’s phones, has been shipped in more than 330 million devices
worldwide. But in the last few years, Symbian has seen more than its fair share of changes. In 2008, Nokia, one of
Symbian’s largest customers, acquired a major share in the company. Nokia then created the Symbian Foundation
to distribute the platform as an open source project, and began the process of opening up the source code that
year.
Symbian’s move to open source has been completed four months ahead of schedule and it offers mobile
developers new ways to innovate, says Williams. Any individual or organization can now take, use and modify the
Symbian code for any device, from mobile phone to a tablet.
Features & Specification :
Connectivity
Symbian supports connectivity technologies including GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth,
and Wi-Fi,
Storage
Some of symbian operating system powered nokia mobile phones does not have an external storage
support. It comes with inbuilt memory that is 8GB, 16GB, 32GB & 64GB. But as symbian moving to the
other company devices it comes with the facility of external memory card slot.
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 15
Applications
Symbian providing a big application market for its powered mobile operating systems and like other
smart phones these phones also contain some of preloaded applications like messengers, web
browsers, media players etc.
Sensors
Nokia providing a no. of sensors in its smart phones which are powered by symbian mobile operating
systems. These sensors are proximity sensor, touch sensor, motion sensor and many more.
Symbian in nutshell :
Firstly Nokia’s mobile operating system but now moving to other mobile phones like sony ericsson, HTC etc.
Form factor: Available on all carriers, all shapes, all sizes
Capability: excellent cameras, screens, etc. Some don't.
Easiest compatibility with Google services, Google Music other
All capabilities: Range from budget to premium
Interface: Varies by manufacturers, has a small learning curve for some features
Next big phone release: Sony Ericssion Ace 4
Next big operating system release
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 16
Developed by Samsung Electronics.
The Bada operating system has a kernel configurable architecture, which allows the use of either the
Linux kernel, or another Real-time operating system (RTOS) kernel. The Linux kernel is the preferred choice for
smartphones, while RTOS is used for cheaper feature-phones, due to its smaller memory footprint.
It has a web browser based on the open-source WebKit, and also features Adobe Flash. Both WebKit and
Flash can be embedded inside native Bada applications. Bada offers interactive mapping with Point of interest
(POI) features, which can also be embedded inside native applications.
Bada supports various sensors, such as motion sensing, vibration control, face detection,
accelerometer, magnetometer, tilt, and GPS, which can be incorporated into applications. Native applications are
developed in C++ with the Bada SDK, and the Eclipse based IDE. Bada can also run Java ME applications (MIDP
profile).
Bada powered mobile operating systems comes with a large display and high screen resolution that
make the series of these type of mobiles very popular.
Features & Specifications :
Hardware
Bada is an operating system which is owned by Samsung and it contain a wide verity of smart phones
like Wave series. These comes in full touch screen facility and attractive designe.
Connectivity
Bada mobile phone operating system provides WiFi, Bluetooth, Edge and JAVA support for batter
connectivity. Bada also make available its updates that keep user’s smart phone smart.
Applications
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 17
Samsung provide a market named samsung app that have a no. of applications support to the bada
operating system and the phones also comes with a large no. of applications supported to the particular
cell phone.
Storage
All the smartphones which are powered by Bada have the facility of attaching external card slot.
Features & specification :
Developed by Samsung electronics
Form factor: Available on all carriers, all shapes, all sizes
Capability: excellent cameras, screens, etc. Some don't.
Easiest compatibility with Google services
All capabilities: Range from budget to super premium
Interface: Varies by manufacturers, has a small learning curve for some features
Next big phone release: Wave 4
Next big operating system release: bada 3.4
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 18
Market comparison for operating systems
As every one knows that mobile industry is rising day by day and competition is increasing continuously.
So every company trying to occupy more and more market share for gaining a profit. In this race the best rated
operating systems gaining a good profit because of their services.
Market comparison for the smart mobile phone operating systems can be divided into two part – first
one is market share of sales and second one is market share of its popularity on the basis of its applications and
accessories.
Market share relating to the sales of mobile operating systems :
Here we have the data of sales for past four years.
Year
Android
(Google)
Blackberry
(RIM)
IPhone
(Apple)
bada
Symbian
(Nokia)
Windows Mobile/Phone
(Microsoft)
2007 11.77 3.3 77.68 14.7
2008 23.15 11.42 11.26 72.93 16.5
2009 6.8 34.35 24.89 8.13 80.88 15.03
2010 67.22 47.45 46.6 11.76 111.58 12.38
As the data shown that how much the market is increasing day by day. The data are showing that
symbian was leading the market till 2010 but resent data says that iOS is the leading operating system in today’s
market.
Graphically these data are shown below :
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 19
These data are of February 2011
These data are of February 2012
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 20
Market share of applications associated with these operating systems
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 21
Conclusion
According to the study in respect of smart mobile phone operating systems and the comparison there
on, the conclusion is stated below-
Firstly user goes on the attractive looks of device and most of the users prefer android smart phones
because these phones are available with high resolution touch screen display, good speakers, music and video
players, games and many other applications. These smart phones having excellent cameras.
As per as the processor gives the speed to smart mobile phones, iOS (apple) comes at first, followed by
android, blackberry, symbian, windows for mobile and bada.
Study focuses a shiny light on the connectivity of the smart mobile phones. Now a day user prefer the
smart phones loaded with WiFi facility, Bluetooth connectivity, edge and many more connectivity features that’s
why user goes to iOS or blackberry followed by android, symbian, bada and windows mobiles.
As the study concluded that the iOS that is designed for apple hardware comes into the super premium
range, windows, blackberry, symban, bada and android comes into affordable to super premium range. Android
make the user to choose its own choice from a wide range of smart handsets from affordable to super premium
range.
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 22
Issues relating to the smart mobile
phone operating systems
As we all knows that every technology have some of the drawbacks and issues
relating with it. Same as here is also some issues associated with this smart mobile
phones operating systems. These issues are as follows.
Security
Mobile phone operating systems are not as secure so that every user trusted
on smart phones.
Privacy
Some of the operating systems not provide the privacy relating to the data
that may be of
Affordability
CIITM/MBA/HR Page 23
Submitted By :
Meenakshi Jangid
MBA II sem.
Compucome Institute of information Technology
& Managemenet
Submitted To :
Jasmeet Sigh
SMART MOBILE PHONE
OPERATING SYSTEMS

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Mba 2nd sem report - smart mobile phone operating system

  • 1. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 1 Contents  An Introduction  History of mobile operating systems  Latest mobile operating systems Android iOS (Apple) Windows for mobile BlackBerry OS Bada (Samsung) Symbian (Nokia)  Market comparison for the operating systems  Issues relating to the smart mobile phone operating systems  Conclusion  Reference
  • 2. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 2 Introduction In present scenario mobile is an important and useful thing in day to day life. This is the era of the smart-phones and plethora of applications available for a particular smart phone. This is not the day when phones are used only to make and receive calls or chatting with friends via messaging. Today phones are not just a phone, these are the smart phones which have all the features to pursue a smart life in this rapidly growing age of technology. The people needs a technical support on every go and the smart phones provide them all the attributes like a personal computer. The heart of a mobile device is its operating system, which governs its built-in computing power as well as applications, services like e-mail, and cellular-network features such as visual voice mail. An operating system manages the hardware and software resources of smart phones. Operating system creates an interface between the user and the system. Some OS platforms cover the entire range of the software stack. Others may only include the lower levels (typically the kernel and middleware layers) and rely on additional software platforms to provide a user interface framework. In mobile systems it increase the productivity of the phone. This kind of mobile phones in which operating systems are used are known as SMART MOBILE PHONES. In this category we also include PDA’s, tables etc. A Smart mobile OS reflects your lifestyle because it determines the choice of apps and phone functionality. In mobile phones generally Palm OS, BlackBerry, Windows for Mobile, Symbian, Android, and MAC (iPhone OS) etc. operating systems are used which frequently update with new features. Before understanding operating system we have to know some facts about smart phones. *What are the smart phones? Smart phones are usually thought of as being a mobile phone and a handheld computer combined, but that does little to distinguish between the vast number of different models on the market. So, before we identify how to find the best smart phone for you, let's start by splitting mobile phones into three categories that define what they're capable of: dumbphones, featurephones, and smart phones.
  • 3. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 3 First up is the dumbphone - not a very flattering description of the technology that kick-started a global communications revolution, but nonetheless fitting for phones that can do little more than make calls, send text messages and manage your contacts. Using a mobile phone as, well, a mobile phone is more than enough for many people, but the rise of the internet has created a need for access to other kinds of communication on the move. This is where the featurephone comes in. Although they work (and often look) just like a traditional mobile phone, large colour screens and more powerful hardware mean that featurephones are a bit more capable than dumbphones. Most can play simple games, double up as a digital camera and act as a basic MP3 player, but web browsing and email are also on offer. Few featurephones excel in any of these areas though, since they're phones first and everything else second, so those extras are really only suited to occasional use. So, if you need all the power of an internet-connected computer in your pocket, you need a smart phone. Qwerty keyboards, fast data connections and the ability to install new applications mean that these mini marvels can do almost anything a laptop can - albeit with a few restrictions imposed by their smaller screens. *What is mobile internet? As far as smart phones are concerned, the mobile internet isn't much different to the desktop internet. Unlike early featurephones that relied on severely limited WAP browsers for web access, modern smart phones have full web browsers that are every bit as capable as Internet Explorer or Firefox. Since screen sizes are closer to 4" than 14" though, browsing the web on a smart phone does involve a few compromises. The most obvious is that text can be too small to read until you zoom into a page, but some smart phones make this so easy that the action soon becomes second nature. The best smart phones handle email just as easily as a desktop or laptop computer, too. Almost all email service providers are supported, which means you can manage your messages from wherever you are. Social networking works well with smart phones too, and having access to Facebook or Twitter on a handheld device you always carry with you makes such services all the more useful. *What are the mobile applications?
  • 4. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 4 Mobile applications - or 'apps' - are no different to the applications you use on a desktop or laptop computer, and they're the reason that the best touch screen phones are so powerful. Apps can turn a smart phone into a powerful handheld games console, an ebook reader, video player, sat-nav device and much more besides - and the number of apps you can use is only limited by the storage capacity of the smart phone. Smart phone apps are downloaded from the internet using either the smart phone itself, or with a computer for later installation via synchronisation. There's a mix of free and paid-for apps for all smart phone operating systems, but it's important to note that apps designed for one won't work on another. A wide selection of apps is no guarantee of quality, but it does increase the chances of finding a particular app you want. The iPhone is the smartphone currently favoured by many app creators and the Apple App Store has thousands to download. Other smart phones don't have anywhere near this number, so if there's a specific type of app you know you'll want, find out if it's available for your chosen smartphone before buying.
  • 5. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 5 History The first smartphone was the IBM simon; it was designed in 1992 and shown as a concept product that year at COMDEX, the computer industry trade show held in Las Vegas, Nevada. It was released to the public in 1993 and sold by BellSouth. Besides being a mobile phone, it also contained a calendar, address book, world clock, calculator, note pad, e-mail client, the ability to send and receive faxes, and games. It had no physical buttons, instead customers used a touchscreen to select telephone numbers with a finger or create faxes and memos with an optional stylus. Text was entered with a unique on-screen "predictive" keyboard. By today's standards, the Simon would be a fairly low-end product, lacking a camera and the ability to download third-party applications. However, its feature set at the time was highly advanced. The Nokia Communicator line was the first of Nokia's smartphones starting with the Nokia 9000, released in 1996. This distinctive palmtop computer style smartphone was the result of a collaborative effort of an early successful and costly personal digital assistant (PDA) by Hewlett-Packard combined with Nokia's best- selling phone around that time, and early prototype models had the two devices fixed via a hinge. The Communicators are characterized by a clamshell design, with a feature phone display, keyboard and user interface on top of the phone, and a physical QWERTY keyboard, high-resolution display of at least 640×200 pixels and PDA user interface under the flip-top. The software was based on the GEOS V3.0 operating system, featuring email communication and text-based web browsing. In 1998, it was followed by Nokia 9110, and in 2000 by Nokia 9110i, with improved web browsing capability. In 1997 the term 'smartphone' was used for the first time when Ericsson unveiled the concept phone GS88, the first device labelled as 'smartphone'.
  • 6. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 6 The Android operating system for smart phones was released in 2008 in INDIA. It is an open-source operating system. Android OS backed by Google, along with major hardware and software developers (such as Intel, HTC, Motorola, Samsung, Nokia and many more). Android OS is a modified version of Linux kernel. The Android SDK includes debugger, libraries, a handset emulator, documentation, sample code, and tutorials. Google’s own participation in app development for Android platform – These applications include Google Voice, Sky Map, Finance, Maps Editor, Places Directory for their Local Search, Google Goggles that searches by image, Google Translate, Listen for podcasts and My Tracks. Apart from these major OSs,there are many others that share smaller markets, viz., Ubuntu, Maemo etc. The Android operating system and the smart phones that run it are seen as the main competitor to the iPhone, although nowhere near as many have been sold. The Google Nexus One is considered to be the definitive Android smart phone, but the HTC Desire is just as good. Android isn't as polished as the iPhone operating system, but it looks and works in a similar way - and the number of apps is quickly growing. Current features and specifications: Handset layouts The platform is adaptable to larger, VGA, 2D graphics library, 3D graphics library based on OpenGL ES 2.0 specifications, and traditional smartphone layouts. Connectivity Android supports connectivity technologies including GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, NFC and WiMAX.
  • 7. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 7 Supported applications Now a days android has the biggest application market. It also provide a no of applications with its hardware like text messaging, Android Push Messaging service, web browser, media player, video player, third-party applications and many more. Additional hardware support Android can use video/still cameras, touchscreens, GPS, accelerometers, gyroscopes, barometers, magnetometers, dedicated gaming controls, proximity and pressure sensors, thermometers, accelerated 2D bit blits (with hardware orientation, scaling, pixel format conversion) and accelerated 3D graphics. Multi-touch Android has native support for multi-touch which was initially made available in handsets such as the HTC Hero. The feature was originally disabled at the kernel level (possibly to avoid infringing Apple's patents on touch-screen technology at the time). Google has since released an update for the Nexus One and the Motorola Droid which enables multi-touch natively. Multitasking Multitasking of applications, with unique handling of memory allocation, is available. External storage Most Android devices include microSD slot and can read microSD cards formatted with FAT32, Ext3fs or Ext4fs file system. To allow use of high-capacity storage media. Android in a nutshell Google's mobile operating system Form factor: Available on all carriers, all shapes, all sizes All capabilities: Range from budget to super premium Not all Android phones are created equal in capability: some have excellent cameras, screens, etc. Some don't. Easiest compatibility with Google services, Google Music, other Android devices Interface: Varies by manufacturers, has a small learning curve for some features Key features: Free voice navigation with turn-by-turn directions, very customizable, voice actions Next big phone release: Samsung Galaxy Nexus phone Next big operating system release: Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich. Released with Galaxy Nexus,
  • 8. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 8 iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system developed and distributed by Apple Inc. Originally released in 2007 for the iPhone and iTouch pad, it has since been extended to support other Apple devices such as the ipad and Apple TV. Unlike Windows CE (Mobile and Phone) and Android, Apple does not license iOS for installation on non-Apple hardware. The user interface of iOS is based on the concept of direct manipulation, using multi-touch gestures. Interface control elements consist of sliders, switches, and buttons. The response to user input is immediate and provides a fluid interface. Interaction with the OS includes gestures such as swipe, tap, pinch, and reverse pinch, all of which have specific definitions within the context of the iOS operating system and its multi-touch interface. Internal accelerometers are used by some applications to respond to shaking the device or rotating it in three dimensions. iOS is derived from Mac OS X, with which it shares the Darwin foundation, and is therefore a Unix operating system. In iOS, there are four abstraction layers: the Core OS layer, the Core Services layer, the Media layer, and the Cocoa Touch layer. Features & Specifications: Home screen The home screen also known as "SpringBoard", displays application icons and a dock at the bottom of the screen where users can pin their most frequently used apps. The home screen appears whenever the user switches on the device or presses the "Home" button. Folder System With iOS 4 came the introduction of a simple folder system. A title for the folder is automatically selected by the type of applications inside, but the name can also be edited by the user.
  • 9. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 9 Notification Center In the iOS 5, the notifications collate in a window which can be dragged down from the top of the screen. If a user touches a received notification, he/she will go to the application that sent the notification. Included applications The iOS home screen contains these default "apps". All of the utilities, such as voice memos, clock, calculator, and compass are in one folder called "Utilities". Many of the included applications are designed to share data. The iPod touch retains the same applications that are present by default on the iPhone, with the exception of the Phone, Messages, Compass and Camera apps. Multitasking iOs supports multitasking through seven background applications i.e. Background audio, Voice over IP, Background location, Push notifications, Local notifications, Task completion & Fast app switching. Game Center Game Center is an online multiplayer "social gaming network" released by Apple. Through this user can play games online and can also find and invite his / her friends to join and play the games. iPhone in a nutshell Runs Apple's iOS 5 operating system Available on three carriers: AT&T, Verizon, Sprint Available on three storage sizes: 16GB, 32GB, 64GB Easiest compatibility with iTunes, Apple ecosystem, and products Form factor: One 3.5-inch screen (on the smaller size by today's standards) Interface: Approachable, but not very customizable. Some hidden features Key features: Excellent 8-megapixel camera, front-facing camera, colorful Siri voice assistant Next big release: iPhone 5
  • 10. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 10 The current version is called “Windows Mobile 6.5″ . It is based on the Windows CE 5.2 kernel, and features a suite of basic applications developed using the Microsoft Windows API. It is designed to be somewhat similar to desktop versions of Windows, feature-wise and aesthetically. Additionally, third-party software development is available for Windows Mobile, and software can be purchased via the Windows Marketplace for Mobile. Third-party software development is available for the Windows Phone operating system. There are several options for developers to use when deploying a mobile application. This includes writing native code with Visual C++, writing Managed code that works with the .NET Compact Framework, or Server-side code that can be deployed using Internet Explorer Mobile or a mobile client on the user’s device. The .NET Compact Framework is actually a subset of the .NET Framework and hence shares many components with software development on desktop clients, application servers, and web servers. Windows Mobile Professional runs on ‘Windows Phones’ with touchscreens Windows Mobile Standard runs on ‘Windows Phones’ with regular screens Windows Mobile Classic which runs on ‘Windows Mobile Classic devices’ Features & Specifications : Connectivity Windows mobile phones provide connectivity with the world via WiFi, 2G & 3G network connectivity. But window mobile phones does not have Bluetooth because window having a problem of generating viruses that’s why Bluetooth connectivity avoided into window mobile phones. Sensors
  • 11. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 11 In window operating system powered mobile phones there are a no of sensors available. In window phones proximity sensor, multitouch sensor, motion sensor included for batter productivity and usability of the mobile phones. Application support Window operating system market is not as large in compare to the android and iOS. But it supports only genuine applications from Microsoft site. There are a no. of inbuilt applications are available with the window phones like messenger, media player, video player, windows internet explorer web browser, camera etc. Microsoft office Microsoft office is one of the unique feature of windows phones. This is different from other smart phones. Windows operating system powered mobile phones are basically pocket PC, coz these have all the facilities like a personal computer. Multitasking As u all knows that windows is a multitasking operating system. User can easily access more then one applications at a time. Unlike others window has no limitations to access applications, user can easily access seven – eight applications with the smart phone at the time. Windows Phone in a nutshell: Microsoft's mobile operating system Form factor: Available on all carriers, all shapes, all sizes. AT&T has the largest and best selection All capabilities: Mostly midrange, solid performers. Minimum 5-megapixel camera Easiest compatibility with Zune, Xbox Live, Microsoft services like Microsoft Office, SkyDrive online storage Interface: Very straightforward, but some hidden capabilities Key features: Clean interface, built-in barcode-scanning and music identification, Xbox Live integration, voice actions Next big phone release: Nokia Lumia 800 or similar for U.S. markets Next big operating system release: Unknown. Version 7.5 Mango
  • 12. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 12 Proprietary software platform, created by Research In Motion, for BlackBerry phones. The operating system provides multitasking and supports specialized input devices that have been adopted by RIM for use in its handhelds, particularly the trackwheel, trackball, and most recently, the trackpad and touchscreen. The BlackBerry platform is perhaps best known for its native support for corporate email, through MIDP 1.0 and, more recently, a subset of MIDP 2.0, which and allows complete wireless activation and synchronization with Microsoft Exchange, Lotus Domino, or Novell GroupWise email, calendar, tasks, notes, and contacts, when used in conjunction with BlackBerry Enterprise Server. The operating system also supports WAP 1.2. RIM’s BlackBerry OS has the most reliable email so BlackBerry phones are considered the best email machines. It supports up to 10 private or corporate email accounts and instantly pushes messages to your phone via RIM’s efficient servers. The OS also has the app store called BlackBerry App World, a reliable browser, cool maps app, and comprehensive media features. BlackBerry OS is menu-driven and relies on a trackball or trackpad, but it also supports touch on devices like the Storm. The OS integrates with Facebook (photo uploads, profile pics, and more) and has an intelligent keyboard software called SureType that, RIM fans say, turns average BlackBerry users into typing machines. Features and Specification : Attractive qwerty hardware Blackberry widely recognize as qwerty hardware. A large range of mobile phone provided by blackberry are qwerty. These are good in looking and loaded with special features. Application support
  • 13. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 13 As other operating systems blackberry also have its own market for applications and at the same time it also comes with preloaded applications. BBM for blackberry RIM operating system (Blackberry Operating System) have a very unique feature that is BBM (BlackBerry Messenger). BBM create messages with fun. When BBM activated on the device it makes messaging and chatting very easy. Connectivity BlackBerry also known for its good connectivity supports. Every device or mobile phone contain the features like wifi, Bluetooth, edge etc. Storage BlackBerry does not have an external storage support. It comes with inbuilt memory that is 8GB, 16GB, 32GB & 64GB. BlackBerry Phone in a nutshell: RIM (BlackBerry) mobile operating system Form factor: Available with qwerty and touch models Come out from the creativity of Research in motions All capabilities: mid to high range, solid performers, good camera, BBM Hardware oriented operating system Interface: Very straightforward Key features: Clean interface, connectivity, hardware Next big phone release: Blackberry atom ver. 3.8 Next big operating system release: RIM 7.0
  • 14. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 14 Made Open Source by contributions from Nokia, NTT DoCoMo, Sony Ericsson and Symbian Ltd Symbian has a microkernel architecture, which means that the minimum necessary is within the kernel to maximize robustness, availability and responsiveness. It contains a scheduler, memory management and device drivers, but other services like networking, telephony and filesystem support are placed in the OS Services Layer or the Base Services Layer. The inclusion of device drivers means the kernel is not a true microkernel. The EKA2 real-time kernel, which has been termed a nanokernel, contains only the most basic primitives and requires an extended kernel to implement any other abstractions. The operating system consists of the kernel and middleware components of the software stack. The upper layers are supplied by application platforms like S60, UIQ, and MOAP. Symbian, which powers most of Nokia’s phones, has been shipped in more than 330 million devices worldwide. But in the last few years, Symbian has seen more than its fair share of changes. In 2008, Nokia, one of Symbian’s largest customers, acquired a major share in the company. Nokia then created the Symbian Foundation to distribute the platform as an open source project, and began the process of opening up the source code that year. Symbian’s move to open source has been completed four months ahead of schedule and it offers mobile developers new ways to innovate, says Williams. Any individual or organization can now take, use and modify the Symbian code for any device, from mobile phone to a tablet. Features & Specification : Connectivity Symbian supports connectivity technologies including GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi, Storage Some of symbian operating system powered nokia mobile phones does not have an external storage support. It comes with inbuilt memory that is 8GB, 16GB, 32GB & 64GB. But as symbian moving to the other company devices it comes with the facility of external memory card slot.
  • 15. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 15 Applications Symbian providing a big application market for its powered mobile operating systems and like other smart phones these phones also contain some of preloaded applications like messengers, web browsers, media players etc. Sensors Nokia providing a no. of sensors in its smart phones which are powered by symbian mobile operating systems. These sensors are proximity sensor, touch sensor, motion sensor and many more. Symbian in nutshell : Firstly Nokia’s mobile operating system but now moving to other mobile phones like sony ericsson, HTC etc. Form factor: Available on all carriers, all shapes, all sizes Capability: excellent cameras, screens, etc. Some don't. Easiest compatibility with Google services, Google Music other All capabilities: Range from budget to premium Interface: Varies by manufacturers, has a small learning curve for some features Next big phone release: Sony Ericssion Ace 4 Next big operating system release
  • 16. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 16 Developed by Samsung Electronics. The Bada operating system has a kernel configurable architecture, which allows the use of either the Linux kernel, or another Real-time operating system (RTOS) kernel. The Linux kernel is the preferred choice for smartphones, while RTOS is used for cheaper feature-phones, due to its smaller memory footprint. It has a web browser based on the open-source WebKit, and also features Adobe Flash. Both WebKit and Flash can be embedded inside native Bada applications. Bada offers interactive mapping with Point of interest (POI) features, which can also be embedded inside native applications. Bada supports various sensors, such as motion sensing, vibration control, face detection, accelerometer, magnetometer, tilt, and GPS, which can be incorporated into applications. Native applications are developed in C++ with the Bada SDK, and the Eclipse based IDE. Bada can also run Java ME applications (MIDP profile). Bada powered mobile operating systems comes with a large display and high screen resolution that make the series of these type of mobiles very popular. Features & Specifications : Hardware Bada is an operating system which is owned by Samsung and it contain a wide verity of smart phones like Wave series. These comes in full touch screen facility and attractive designe. Connectivity Bada mobile phone operating system provides WiFi, Bluetooth, Edge and JAVA support for batter connectivity. Bada also make available its updates that keep user’s smart phone smart. Applications
  • 17. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 17 Samsung provide a market named samsung app that have a no. of applications support to the bada operating system and the phones also comes with a large no. of applications supported to the particular cell phone. Storage All the smartphones which are powered by Bada have the facility of attaching external card slot. Features & specification : Developed by Samsung electronics Form factor: Available on all carriers, all shapes, all sizes Capability: excellent cameras, screens, etc. Some don't. Easiest compatibility with Google services All capabilities: Range from budget to super premium Interface: Varies by manufacturers, has a small learning curve for some features Next big phone release: Wave 4 Next big operating system release: bada 3.4
  • 18. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 18 Market comparison for operating systems As every one knows that mobile industry is rising day by day and competition is increasing continuously. So every company trying to occupy more and more market share for gaining a profit. In this race the best rated operating systems gaining a good profit because of their services. Market comparison for the smart mobile phone operating systems can be divided into two part – first one is market share of sales and second one is market share of its popularity on the basis of its applications and accessories. Market share relating to the sales of mobile operating systems : Here we have the data of sales for past four years. Year Android (Google) Blackberry (RIM) IPhone (Apple) bada Symbian (Nokia) Windows Mobile/Phone (Microsoft) 2007 11.77 3.3 77.68 14.7 2008 23.15 11.42 11.26 72.93 16.5 2009 6.8 34.35 24.89 8.13 80.88 15.03 2010 67.22 47.45 46.6 11.76 111.58 12.38 As the data shown that how much the market is increasing day by day. The data are showing that symbian was leading the market till 2010 but resent data says that iOS is the leading operating system in today’s market. Graphically these data are shown below :
  • 19. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 19 These data are of February 2011 These data are of February 2012
  • 20. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 20 Market share of applications associated with these operating systems
  • 21. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 21 Conclusion According to the study in respect of smart mobile phone operating systems and the comparison there on, the conclusion is stated below- Firstly user goes on the attractive looks of device and most of the users prefer android smart phones because these phones are available with high resolution touch screen display, good speakers, music and video players, games and many other applications. These smart phones having excellent cameras. As per as the processor gives the speed to smart mobile phones, iOS (apple) comes at first, followed by android, blackberry, symbian, windows for mobile and bada. Study focuses a shiny light on the connectivity of the smart mobile phones. Now a day user prefer the smart phones loaded with WiFi facility, Bluetooth connectivity, edge and many more connectivity features that’s why user goes to iOS or blackberry followed by android, symbian, bada and windows mobiles. As the study concluded that the iOS that is designed for apple hardware comes into the super premium range, windows, blackberry, symban, bada and android comes into affordable to super premium range. Android make the user to choose its own choice from a wide range of smart handsets from affordable to super premium range.
  • 22. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 22 Issues relating to the smart mobile phone operating systems As we all knows that every technology have some of the drawbacks and issues relating with it. Same as here is also some issues associated with this smart mobile phones operating systems. These issues are as follows. Security Mobile phone operating systems are not as secure so that every user trusted on smart phones. Privacy Some of the operating systems not provide the privacy relating to the data that may be of Affordability
  • 23. CIITM/MBA/HR Page 23 Submitted By : Meenakshi Jangid MBA II sem. Compucome Institute of information Technology & Managemenet Submitted To : Jasmeet Sigh SMART MOBILE PHONE OPERATING SYSTEMS