2. Jamshedpur
Demographics:
Longitude: 22.8000 degree N
Latitude: 86.3000 degree E
State :Jharkhand
District : Singhbhum East
Population : City: 629,659 (2011)
Male: 327,912 Female: 301,747
Metropolitan population: 1,337,131 (2011)
Male: 696,858 Female: 640,273
Literacy : 87.50% (2011)
Male: 92.15% Female: 82.47%
Density: 8,900/km2 (23,000/sq mi)
Government: Notified Area Committee
Climate: Humidity: 90%
Wind speed per Hour: 6 km/hr
Average max temp: 32.2 degree C
Average min temp: 20.4 degree C
Geography:
Area : 150 Km2
Water Source:
Rivers : Kharkai, Subarnarekha
Lakes : Dimna Lake, Jubilee Lake, Hudco Lake
Dams : Chandil Dam, Palna Dam, Sitarampur Dam
3.
4. History
• The original name of Jamshedpur was Sakchi. In 1919, Sakchi was renamed as Jamshedpur in
tribute to Tata Steel's Founder Jamshetji Nusserwanji Tata.
• The Railway station at Jamshedpur is known as Tatanagar. Jamshedpur is India's first
cosmopolitan and planned industrial city.
• The modern city of Jamshedpur is the brain child of Sri Jamshetji Nusserwanji Tata who was the
main force behind the industrial revolution of India.
• At the end of 19th century, Jamsetji Tata met steelmakers in Pittsburgh to get the most advanced
technology for his plant and asked him to find a right place for establishing India’s first steel plant.
• After prolonged search for land, Tata finally came across a humble village called Sakchi, which was
blessed with rich mineral resources like iron, coal and limestone.
• Attracted by the rich wealth, water and green hill region, Tata finely decided to set up his steel
plant in Sakchi, which was later named as Jamshedpur in memory of its founder Jamsetji
Nusserwanji Tata.
• In 1908 the construction of the plant as well as the city officially began. The first steel ingot was
rolled on 16 February 1912. It was a momentous day in the history of industrial India. Jamshetji
Tata had set up the industrial unit of Tata Iron and Steel Plant in Jamshedpur.
• While building the city, Jamsetji Tata had said, "Be sure to lay wide streets planted with shady
trees, every other of a quick growing variety. Be sure that there is plenty of space for lawns and
gardens; reserve large areas for football, hockey and parks; earmark areas for Hindu temples,
Mohammedan mosques and Christian churches."
• After Jamsetji Tata his eldest son, Sri Dorabji Tata who led to the further expansion of the business
establishment.
• After independence, Sri Ratan Tata diverted his attention to the well being of the company and
Tata Iron and Steel Plant became one of the pioneering companies of the world under his
guidance. The industrial city of Jamshedpur became one of the developed cities of India.
6. •The Pittsburgh firm of Julian Kennedy and Axel Sahlin was awarded the contract for the designing and engineering
works of Tata Steel Plant. They built the original colony between 1909-12 for housing managers and skilled workers.
•Site exigencies dictated the stratified pattern of housing on high ground on the ridge spurs on the north-west and
western fringes of the steel plant to ensure protection from the factory dust carried by the prevailing western winds.
•The colony was laid out in the grid-iron with alphabetically named 'roads' running east-west and numbered
'avenues' running north-south.
7. •As the Steel production of the plant grew, population of the township increased and the old Kennedy plan became
obsolete.
•Fredrick c. Temple, sanitary officer for Orissa and Bihar states was appointed as the chief engineer for planning of
Jamshedpur.
•The principles of Temple's planning were:
•Gravitational sewerage system
•Street system adapted to contours
•Parkway system in natural drains
•Temple proposed housing of 12 units per acre, balancing it with 1-1 1/2 acre plots of bungalows and 1/4 acre plots
quarters.
•He advocated that the problem of housing could be solved by improving the sanitation and preserving the
infrastructure of the squatter settlements and the lifestyle of the tribal people respectively.
8. •Due to the further expansion of Tata steel in 1930, the township was in immediate need of housing.
•According to his report his work was very much influenced by Earnest Burges who proposed that cities develop
outward from central business and manufacturing districts with working class population nearest to the core.
•Stokes did not have much to do beyond Temple's plan. His main work was to quench the shortage of housing.
9. •The primary motive of Keonigsberger was to implement GARDEN CITY concepts in his master plan for Jamshedpur,
but his motive was partially satisfied.
•He was reluctant to give up and endeavored to put in GARDEN CITY principles wherever space permitted.
•The major problem was that Jamshedpur did not develop as a Garden city. Bustees had developed on the periphery
of the industrial area.
•Intention was to build a leafy suburb at a suitable distance from industrial pollution and haphazard urban growth.
11. Administrative System
• The administration of the city is under multiple hands.
• Jamshedpur Notified Area Committee (JNAC)
• Jamshedpur Utilities and Services Company (JUSCO), a Tata Steel subsidiary
• Mango Notified Area Committee (MNAC)
• Jugsalai Municipality (JMC)
• Adityapur Municipal Corporation (AMC) and
• Gamharia Nagar Panchayat
• JNAC is divided into two parts, one is the Tata lease area while the other is the non-Tata lease area.
The leased area which is 41 km² is managed by JUSCO while the rest is managed by JNAC itself.
• MNAC looks after the residential regions of Mango and Pardih, 18 km2 in area.
• AMC looks after the 49 km2 of Adityapur region comprising the residential as well the industrial
belt.
• The government is considering creating a unified municipal administrative body called the
Jamshedpur Urban Agglomeration or JUA. The proposed body would comprise the areas currently
under the Jamshedpur Notified Area, Adityapur Municipal corporation, Mango Notified Area,
Jugsalai Municipality and the towns of Parsudih, Ghorabanda, Chhota Govindpur, Hurlung,
Luabasa, Dhanchatani, Chhota Gamharia, Gadra, Sarjamdah, Haludbani, Kitadih, Nandup and
Bagbera, which are a part of the Jamshedpur Block, East Singhbhum and Gamharia
Block, Seraikela-Kharsawan. The JUA would cover an area of 150 km square.
12. Economy
• The areas surrounding Jamshedpur are rich in minerals, including iron
ore, coal, manganese bauxite and lime. It is a modern, industrial city; the main industries
being iron and steel, truck manufacturing, tinplate production, cement and other small and
medium scale industries revolving around these products.
• The largest factory is that of Tata Steel , situated almost at the center of the city. Tata Steel is the
largest iron and steel producing plant in India, as well as the oldest. The steel plant covers around a
fourth of the land area of Jamshedpur, and has two inland water lakes.
• The other major factory in the city is Tata Motors with Telcon, which manufactures heavy vehicles
and construction/earth moving equipment. It is the world's sixteenth-largest motor vehicle
manufacturing company, fourth-largest truck manufacturer and second-largest bus manufacturer
by volume.
• Other industries in the city include Tata Cummins Ltd., Lafarge Cement (earlier Tata Cement), Tata
Tinplate, Indian Steel and Wire products, TRF Limited, Timken manufacturers of industrial
bearings, Tata Ryersons, Agrico, Praxair and Brin's Oxygen Company.
13.
14. Culture
• The city of Jamshedpur has people from each and every part of India. Majority of the population is
from the Bihar state but there are people from Jharkhand, New Delhi, West Bengal, South India
and almost from every state of India. Hence one can find people speaking different languages here.
Bengali, Santhali, Oriya and Hindi are important languages of Jamshedpur which originate from
Munda family of languages and Dravidian family of languages, the Indo-Aryan languages.
• Munda families of languages consist of Santhali, Ho, Mundari, Kharia , Bhumji and Mahili. Tamil,
Telegu, Oraon and Gondi belong to the Dravidian family while Hindi, Gujarati, Nepali, Marwari,
Jharkhandi, Bengali, Oriya and Urdu originated from the Indo-Aryan stock. Some European
languages are also spoken here due to a mixes cosmopolitan population resides here.
• All the festivals in Jamshedpur have a great significance and are celebrated with enthusiasm. The
two most celebrated festivals are Teej and Chhath, religious people celebrated them with sacred
feeling. Because of cultural diversity among the people of Jamshedpur almost all the festivals from
different parts of the country are celebrated with equal importance.
16. Rail Network
• Tatanagar Junction is a railway junction and a model station on the Chakradharpur division, of the
South Eastern Railway and is one of the most important railway junctions of the state. It is one of
the most busiest stations of South Eastern Railway, as it is connected directly to all the major cities
of India.
• The main railway station of the city is known as Tatanagar Junction, city others railway station
are Adityapur Station, Gamharia Junction, Salgajhari Halt, Kandra Junction, Birajpur Halt and
Govindpur Halt.
17. Airways
• Jamshedpur also has a small airport known as Sonari Airport.
• It was started to cater the industrial needs of the city but now the airport also has few
commercial flights from some of the Indian cities.
• Sonari airport is mainly used by chartered planes of TATA group.
Road Network
• Jamshedpur is connected to other parts of India through national and state highways. The
major highways are:
• National Highway 33 (NH33) touches the city and connects it to Mumbai and further joins
the NH32, which connects with Kolkata-DelhiNH2, NH33 and NH6 connects it
to Kharagpur, Kolkata.
Bus Services:
• Jamshedpur has a well-developed bus network. Both Private buses and State Government
buses runs in Jamshedpur.
• There are regular bus services between Jamshedpur to Ranchi and Dhanbad.
Internal Transportation:
• In Jamshedpur city bus service was started under the JNNURM scheme. There are two bus
depots for city bus services.
• Private Mini buses also operates in the city.
• Apart from buses there are numerous other modes of transportation like Taxis and Auto-
rickshaws. Auto-rickshaws are the popular mode of local public.
21. Infrastructure
Garden city:
•Jamshedpur is model of harmonious co-existence of industry
and environment, with acres of verdant parks and gardens
dotting the city. The most illustrious is of course the Jubilee Park,
spread over an area of 37.75 acres. Sir Dorabji Tata Park houses a
variety of flora and fauna.
•The Tata Steel Zoological Park is located only a few kilometers
away from the Steel Plant and is home to a variety of animals
and birds.
Healthcare Facilities:
•The Tata Main Hospital is over a century old and forms the
backbone of Jamshedpur’s medical structure comprising other
modern hospitals and medical facilities.
•The Tata Memorial Centre constitutes the national
comprehensive Cancer Centre for the prevention, treatment and
research on cancer and is comparable to any similar centre in the
world.
Education:
•Jamshedpur has nearly 183 schools and 13 colleges, of which
five schools and one inter- college is handled by JUSCO.
•The renowned institutes include Xavier Labour Relation Institute
(XLRI), National Institute of Technology (NIT), Shavak Nanavati
Technical Institute (SNTI), R.D. Tata Technical Education Centre
and MGM Medical College and Hospital (associated to Tata Main
hospital).
22. Infrastructure
Sports:
•The main sports facilities in and around Jamshedpur include the
Keenan Stadium for Cricket, the Sumant Moolgaokar Stadium for
Athletics, innumerable playgrounds for children and famous Golf
Courses (Beldih and Golmuri).
•The renowned JRD Tata Sports Complex is one of the best sports
complexes in India with a capacity for 40,000 spectators. This
magnificent complex has an international size football ground
with an eight-lane monosynthetic track.
Culture and Recreation:
•The Centre for Excellence is the first business archive house of
the Country, devoted to showcasing the Steel Company’s many
milestones from the Founder’s vision to the present day
technology of the steel work.
•Numerous fine auditoriums in Jamshedpur (Tagore Society,
Nritya Kala Kendra, Tata Auditorium) have played host to finest
performing artists and professional theatre groups from India
and abroad.
•The Jamshedpur School of Art trains students in painting,
sculpting and offers hobby based and semi-professional courses
too.
•Jamshedpur has always had an enviable club culture that has
evolved through the years. The Beldih Club, G Town Club and
Golmuri Club are among more prominent ones.
23. Water supply
• Jamshedpur Utilities & Services Co (Jusco) supplies potable, clarified and raw water to consumers
within the leasehold area of the city. The company supplies clarified and raw water to industrial
units like Tata Steel, Tata Motors, Lafarge, Tinplate Co of India, etc.
• Jusco has around 26,000 direct consumers in the city, besides supplying potable water to 20,000
Tata employees.
• According to Jusco managing director Sanjiv Paul, negotiations are on with the Tata Steel
management and Tata Workers Union so that a consensus on charging for water supplied to
employees can be reached.
• The company supplies 40 million gallons of potable water a day to the city and another 40 million
gallons of both clarified and raw water to mainly industrial consumers.
• The new tariff system aims at providing 24- hour water supply to consumers from the thrice-a-day
supply at present and also at making the consumer pay for what he consumes.
• Jusco, irrespective of the volume of water consumed, has so far been charging its consumers a flat
rate, which for a majority of domestic consumers is fixed at Rs 140 a month.
• Under the tariff system, domestic consumers will have to pay Rs 5 a kilolitre (kl) for monthly
consumption of up to 10 kl, Rs 6 a kl for between 11 kl and 25 kl, Rs 8 a kl for between 26 and 50 kl
and Rs 10 a kl above 50 kl.
• The same for bulk domestic consumers has been kept at Rs 6 a kl for consumption of up to 25 kl,
Rs 8 a kl for between 26 kl and 50 kl and Rs 10 a kl above 50 kl.
• Similarly, for commercial consumers, between Rs 8 a kl and Rs 12 a kl for monthly consumption of
between 50 kl and more than 100 kl.
• Industrial consumers are to pay Rs 12.50 a kl for up to 500 kl and Rs 15 a kl above 500 kl.
• A meter charge ranging between Rs 25 and Rs 300 a month.
24. Sewerage System and Sanitation
• About one third of the total sewage generated is treated while the rest remains untreated and is
disposed off into the Subarnarekha and Kharkhai Rivers. Thus the river water gets polluted leading
to environmental degradation.
Storm Water Drainage
• There is no provision of storm water drainage system in the whole JUA except in some of the areas
of Jamshedpur notified area, which is controlled by JUSCO.
Solid Waste Management
• Absence of adequate facility for collection of waste, which ultimately lands up on the streets, lanes
or backside of houses. There is no system of door to door collection of waste nor is there any
facility of community bins.
