1. Jyotirmaya Dehury
Mindfire Solutions
MAVEN Fundamentals

2. • What is Maven
• Structure
• Dependencies
• Maven Repositories
• Plugins
Agenda

3. • A build tool
Produces one artifact(jar, war, zip)
Manage Dependencies
• Can be used a project management tool
Can handle versioning and releases
Can produce Javadocs
What is Maven

4. • Folder Structure
• POM.xml File Basics
• Basic Commands inside POM.xml
• Dependencies
• Local Repo
Maven Structure

5. • Looks for src/main/java
• compiles it into target folder
• pom.xml
• Unit Testing src/test/java
• target
Compiled output get stored
Tests get ran from
Its contents gets packaged into jar/war.
Folder Structure

6. • Can be divided into 4 basic
parts
1. Project Info
2. Dependencies
3. Build
Plugins
Directory Structure
4. Repositories
pom.xml

7. 1.Project Info
pom.xml
Packaging types can be
jar, war, pom, maven-plugin, ejb, ear, rar, par
Default is jar
<!-- More Project Information -->
<url>...</url>
<licenses>
...
</licenses>
<organization>
...
</organization>
<developers>
...
</developers>
<contributors>
...
</contributors>

8. 1. Dependencies
• The external Libraries/Resources which we want to use in our
application
• Are imported via pom.xml by their naming conventions
groupId (Same as our package structure,
com.mucompany.myproduct)
artifactId (name of the artifact )
version
• We list dependencies that we want to use in our application, and
maven pulls all the transitive dependencies automatically.
• Versions
Release numbers of the artefacts that we want to use
SNAPSHOT: every time we compile it checks for if there is any
new version to pull down and use.
Example: myapp-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
Doesn’t have any specific naming convention
appname-1.0.jar
pom.xml

9. 1. Dependencies
groupId
artifactId (name of the artifact )
version
Type(Corresponds to the dependant artifact's packaging
type)
jar as default
Others can be
• pom
• maven-plugin
• ejb
• war
• ear
• rar
• par
Scope (Availability/Visibility of the dependency)
pom.xml

10. 1. Dependencies
pom.xml
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
<type>jar</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.8.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

11. 1. Dependencies
pom.xml
• Scope
• 6 types of scopes available for dependencies
1. compile - default scope, artifacts available everywhere
2. provided - available in all phases but will not be
included in the final artifact, means it will be provided
where it is deployed, like servlet-api.jar
3. runtime - not needed for compilation, but needed for
execution.
4. test - only available in test compilation and execution
phase
5. system - same as provided, but need to specify the
path tho the jar on the file system
6. import - deals with dependencyManagement section

12. 1. Dependencies
• Transitive Dependencies
One of the main reason to use maven
If we add a dependency it automatically downloads its
transitive dependencies.
Also it resolves conflicts it resolves by always choosing
the newer one.
pom.xml

13. 1. Dependencies
• Exclusions
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-embedder</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-core</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>

14. • Local Repository
Maven stores every thing it downloads
Users<username>.m2repository
Users<username>.m2groupIdartifactIdversionartifactName.jar
Helps to avoid duplication
• Central Repository
• htttp://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2
• It has been created by the apache maven community.
• Can be viewed at http://search.maven.org/#browse
• Remote Repository
• This is also located in the web, but other then central repository.
• This can be defined in the pom.xml file.
Maven searches for the dependencies in the following order:
Maven Repo

15. • Plugins are use to build and package our
application
Goals
Phases
Compiler Plugin
Jar Plugin
Maven Plugins

16. • clean
Deletes the target directory and any generated resources
• compile
Compiles the source code
• package
Runs compile, Runs the tests, generates the package
• install
Runs the package command and install it in local repo.
• deploy
Runs the install command and deploys it to the corporate
repo
Maven Goals

17. • validate - validate the project is correct and all necessary information
is available
• compile - compile the source code of the project
• test - test the compiled source code using a suitable unit testing
framework. These tests should not require the code be packaged or
deployed
• package - take the compiled code and package it in its distributable
format, such as a JAR.
• verify - run any checks to verify the package is valid and meets quality
criteria
• install - install the package into the local repository, for use as a
dependency in other projects locally
• deploy - done in an integration or release environment, copies the
final package to the remote repository for sharing with other
developers and projects.
A Build Lifecycle/Phases

18. • Used to compile the main code and test code.
Compiler Plugin
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
<configuration>
<meminitial>128m</meminitial>
<maxmem>512m</maxmem>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>

19. • Used to package code into jar.
• Tied to the package phase
Jar Plugin
Javadoc Plugin
• Used to attach Javadocs to a jar
• Tied to the package phase
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.9</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>attach-javadics</id>
<phase>verify</phase>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<useDefaultManifestFile>true</useDefaultManifestFile>
</configuration>
</plugin>

20. Maven Plugins
<build>
<sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.vogella.build.maven.intro.Main</mainClass>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

21. References
http://www.pluralsight.com/courses/maven-fundamentals

22. Thank You!