Differentiation of the cultural Evolution

1. DIFFERENTIATION OF THE
CULTURAL EVOLUTION

2. PALEOLITHIC PERIOD
Also called old stone age
Ancient cultural stage, or level of
human development, characterized by
the use of rudimentary chipped.

3. NEOLITHIC PERIOD
Also called new stone age
Final stage of cultural evolution or
technological development among
prehistoric humans.

4. Paleolithic
Age
• Unpolished
Stone
Tools
• Hunting
and
Gathering
• Nomadic
Neolithic Age
• Polished stone
tools
• Domestication
of plants and
animals
• Living in
permanent
CHARACTERISTICS OF PALEOLITIC PERIOD
AND NEOLITIC PERIOD

5. CHARACTERISTICS OF
HUMAN SOCIETY

6. It is a social system
A society is relatively large
A society recruits most of its members
from within
A society sustain itself across
generations.
A society’s members share a culture

7. TYPES OF SOCIETIES

8. Types of
human
societies
Characteristics
1. Hunting
and Food
Gathering
Societies
• The earliest form of
society
• People survived by
foraging for vegetable
foods and small game,
fishing, hunting larger
wild animals, and
collecting shellfish.

9. Types of
human
societies
Characteristics
2.
Horticultural
societies
• People learned to use
human muscle power
and handheld tool to
cultivate fields.
• Classified as subsistence
farming and surplus
farming.

10. Subsistence farming
Involves only producing enough food and feed
the group
The settlements are small.
Neighborhood is solid
Political organization is confined in the village
Authority is based on positions inherited by
males through the kinship system

11. Surplus Farming:
Practiced in thickly populated and permanent
settlements.
There was occupational specialization with
prestige differences.
Social stratification was well established
The community tended to be structured by
kinship relations that are male dominated.

12. Types of
human
societies
Characteristics
3. Pastoral
Society
• It relied on herding and
domestication of animals
for food clothing to
satisfy the greater needs
of the group.
• It was organized along
male-centered kinship

13. Types of
human
societies
Characteristics
4.
Agricultural
societies
• These societies were
characterized by the use
of the plow in farming.
• Creation of the irrigation
system provided farming
enough surplus for the
community

14. Types of
human
societies
Characteristics
4.
Agricultural
societies
• Those who controlled
access to arable land and
its use became rich and
powerful since they
could demand the
payment of taxes and
political support.

15. Types of
human
societies
Characteristics
5. Industrial
Societies
• It is characterized by
more than just the use of
mechanical means of
production.
• It constitutes an entirely
new form of society that
requires an immense,

16. Types of
human
societies
Characteristics
5. Industrial
Societies
• Industrial societies are
divided along class lines.
• Creates a highly
organized systems of
exchange between
supplier of raw materials
and industrial

17. Types of
human
societies
Characteristics
6. Post-
industrial
Societies
• It depends on specialized
knowledge to bring
about continuing
progress in technology.
• It is characterized by the
spread of computer
industries.

18. Types of
human
societies
Characteristics
6. Post-
industrial
Societies
• Knowledge and information
are the hallmarks of this
society.
• It resulted in the
homogenization of social
relations among individuals
and the interaction between
humans and the natural