Vagrant is a well-known tool for creating development environments in a simple and consistent way. Since we adopted in our organization we experienced several benefits: lower project setup times, better shared knowledge among team members, less wtf moments ;-) In this session we’d like to share our experience, including but not limited to:advanced vagrantfile configurationvm configuration tips for dev environment: performance, debug, tuning, our wtf moments puphet/phansilbe: hot or not? packaging a box

1. Vagrant
for
Real

2. Michele Orselli
CTO@Ideato
_orso_
micheleorselli / ideatosrl
mo@ideato.it
Riccardo Franconi
SW Engineer@Ideato
ricfrank
ricfrank / ideatosrl
rf@ideato.it

4. http://mitchellh.com/the-tao-of-vagrant

5. 1) clone repo
2) vagrant up
3) there’s no #3

7. #tips

8. vagrantfile configs vm performance
app config tips provision/packaging

9. Portable configuration
tips

10. Don’t use local names
for your boxes

11. c.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise64"

12. c.vm.box_url = "http://your_box"

13. Avoid absolute paths

14. c.vm.synced_folder “/myProj","/var/www/myProj"

15. config.vm.synced_folder "./", "/var/www/myProj"

16. Move host specific
configuration outside
Vagrantfile

17. ram: 2048
cpus: 2
ipaddress: 10.10.10.10
vagrantfile-local-config.yml

18. require ‘yaml'
_config =
YAML.load(File.open(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__),
“vagrantfile-local-config.yml”), File::RDONLY).read)
CONF = _config
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
vb.customize["modifyvm",:id,“--memory", CONF["ram"]]
vb.customize ["modifyvm",:id,"--cpus", CONF[“cpus"]]
…
end

19. As rule of thumb you could assign the half cpus and
a quarter of the memory based on your host machine
https://stefanwrobel.com/how-to-make-vagrant-performance-not-suck

20. Force a specific
provider

21. ENV['VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER'] = 'virtualbox'

22. Project’s folders
organization

23. project_dir
-- vagrant
-- project
-- Vagrantfile

24. project_dir
-- vagrant
-- Vagrantfile
-- www
-- project1
-- project2
-- project3

25. vagrant plugin install
HostsUpdater

26. if Vagrant.has_plugin?("HostsUpdater")
config.hostsupdater.aliases = ["host1.lo"]
else
puts "--- WARNING ---"
puts “You should install HostsUpdater”
end

27. VM Performance

28. run tests…
still running…

29. mitchellh.com/comparing-filesystem-performance-in-virtual-
machines
Virtualbox vs VmWare

30. Virtualbox 22 min
VmWare 15 min
#tip: usevmware

31. Virtualbox 22 mi
VmWare 15 min
#tip: usevmware
+30%

32. use VmWare if you can
#tip: usevmware
(it will cost you a few $)

33. use nfs if you can
#tip: usenfs

34. vagrant plugin install
vbguest
#tip: vbguest
keeps guest addition updated

35. On VM I/O is the
bottleneck

36. loading webpages
running testsuites
are READ heavy

37. move I/O outside
shared folders

38. Default provider: virtualbox
3 PHP test suites with unit, functional, integration mix
small (sf1): build runs in ~25 sec
medium (zf2): build runs in ~2 mins
large (sf2): build runs ~ 20 mins

39. I/O: logs, cache
#tip: moveiofromshared

40. class AppKernel extends Kernel
{
public function getCacheDir()
{
if (in_array($this->environment, array('dev', 'test')))
{
return '/dev/shm/appname/cache/' . $this->environment;
}
return parent::getCacheDir();
}
public function getLogDir()
{
if (in_array($this->environment, array('dev', ‘test')))
{
return '/dev/shm/appname/logs';
}
return parent::getLogDir();
}
}
#tip: moveiofromshared

41. class AppKernel extends Kernel
{
public function getCacheDir()
{
if (in_array($this->environment, array('dev', 'test')))
{
return '/dev/shm/appname/cache/' . $this->environment;
}
return parent::getCacheDir();
}
public function getLogDir()
{
if (in_array($this->environment, array('dev', ‘test')))
{
return '/dev/shm/appname/logs';
}
return parent::getLogDir();
}
}
#tip: moveiofromshared

42. class
{
public function
{
{
}
public function
{
{
}
}
#tip: moveiofromshared
+13-16%

43. I/O: increase realpath
cache
#tip: realpathcache

44. realpath_cache_size = 4096k
realpath_cache_ttl = 7200
php.ini
#tip: realpathcache

45. realpath_cache_size
realpath_cache_ttl
php.ini
#tip: realpathcache
+7%

46. I/O: move DB on RAM
#tip: moveiofromshared
if you use sqlite move it on /dev/shm

47. vagrant plugin install
vagrantcachier
#tip: vagrantcachier

48. if Vagrant.has_plugin?("vagrant-cachier")
config.cache.scope = :box
config.cache.synced_folder_opts = {
type: :nfs,
mount_options: ['rw','vers=3','tcp','nolock']
}
end
#tip: moveiofromshared
Vagrantfile

49. if
config.cache.synced_folder_opts
type:
mount_options: [
end
#tip: moveiofromshared
Vagrantfile
+30%for reprovisioning a box with git, php apache, mysql

50. use cachefilesd for nfs
#tip: cachefilesd

51. #tip: cachefilesd
- name: Install cachefilesd
apt: pkg=cachefilesd state=present
- name: Enable cachefilesd
lineinfile: dest=/etc/default/cachefilesd
line=“RUN=yes”
- name: Start cachefilesd service
service: name=cachefilesd state=restarted

52. #tip: cachefilesd
config.vm.synced_folder "../", "/var/www",
id: “vagrant-root”,
type: “nfs”,
mount_options: ['rw','vers=3','tcp','fsc']
Vagrantfile

53. #tip: cachefilesd
config.vm.synced_folder
mount_options: [
Vagrantfile
-15%
+10%

54. Application
Management

55. How to access mysql

56. - name: add mysql user
mysql_user: name=ideato
host='%'
password=ideato
priv=*.*:ALL,GRANT
login_user=root
login_password=
- name: config bind address to allow remote remote
connections
lineinfile: dest=/etc/mysql/my.cnf
state=present
regexp='bind-address = 127.0.0.1'
line='bind-address = 0.0.0.0'
backup=yes
- name: restart mysql
service: name=mysql state=restarted

57. - name: Install phpmyadmin
apt: pkg=phpmyadmin state=present
- name: Include phpmyadmin in Apache config
lineinfile: dest=/etc/apache2/apache2.conf
line="Include /etc/phpmyadmin apache.conf"
notify: restart apache

58. - name: adminer clone
git: repo=https://github.com/vrana/adminer.git
dest=/var/www/adminer
version=v4.2.1
accept_hostkey=true
- name: adminer compile
command: php compile.php
chdir=/var/www/adminer
creates=/var/www/adminer/adminer-4.2.1.php

59. Permissions management
in shared folders

60. config.vm.synced_folder "../", "/var/www", id:
"vagrant-root", owner: "vagrant", group: "vagrant",
mount_options: ["dmode=777,fmode=777"]

61. Use host ssh keys

62. config.ssh.forward_agent = true

63. ForwardAgent yes
check ssh config file in your host machine

64. Provisioning

65. to phansible or not to
phansible?
#tip: provisioningtpls

66. quick and easy way to start
they’re general
old platforms are not supported
a lot of a good ideas you can steal from
#tip: provisioningtpls

67. #tip: provisioningtpls
if which('ansible-playbook')
config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
ansible.playbook = "ansible/playbook.yml"
ansible.inventory_path = "ansible/inventories/dev"
ansible.limit = 'all'
ansible.extra_vars = {
private_interface: "192.168.33.99",
hostname: "default"
}
end
else
config.vm.provision :shell,
path: "ansible/windows.sh", args: ["default"]
end

68. can you assume everyone in your team
have the same version?
#tip: provisioningtpls

69. #tip: provisioningtpls
if which('ansible-playbook')
config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
ansible.playbook = "ansible/playbook.yml"
ansible.inventory_path = "ansible/inventories/dev"
ansible.limit = 'all'
ansible.extra_vars = {
private_interface: "192.168.33.99",
hostname: "default"
}
end
else
config.vm.provision :shell,
path: "ansible/windows.sh", args: ["default"]
end

70. the provisioning tool is a moving part:
wanna update? be careful
#tip: provisioningtpls

71. create Vagrant
indipendent provision
scripts
#tip: provisioningtpls

72. #tip: provisioningtpls
config.vm.provision :shell,
:path => "scripts/bootstrap.sh",
:args => "/var/www"
config.vm.provision :shell,
:path => “scripts/provision.sh",
:args => "/var/www"

73. create your own template
#tip: provisioningtpls
https://github.com/ideatosrl/vagrant-php-template

74. you’re in control of provisioning command
you can perform additional checks on
host machine
#tip: provisioningtpls

75. Distributing VMs

76. provisioning does not create immutable
vm by default
eg: package update on LTS
#tip: packaging

77. live on the edge and fix provision script
use stable package repositories
#tip: packaging

78. https://speakerdeck.com/mitchellh/vagrant-usage-patterns
Create and distribute your own VM
#tip: goldenimage

79. vagrant package - -name mybox.box
publish it somewhere (http, atlas)
#tip: packaging
c.vm.box_url = “http://../mybox.box”

81. Questions?
https://joind.in/talk/view/14548