2. INTRODUCTION
The respiratory system begins at the nose and
mouth and continues through the airways and
lungs. Air enters the respiratory system through
the nose and mouth and descends through the
throat (pharynx) to reach the organ of speech
(larynx).
3. GLOSARY
Asthma: asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes
wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. some symptoms of asthma can
be threated by inhaling machine.
Lung: a lung is an organ located in the chest of the human body that
introduces oxygen to the bloodstream.
Exhale: to exhale is to breathe out or expel air from the lungs.
4. • Oxygen: Oxygen is a naturally ocurring element necessary for the functioning of
the human body and absorbed into the blood stream by the respiratory system
• Emphysea: Emphysema is a progressive respiratory disease that causes
shortness of breath and involves damage to lung tissues
• Alveoli: Alveoli are small sacs in the lungs at the endpoints of the respiratory
system where oxygen enters and carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream
5. • Breathe: To breathe is to pass air into and out of the lung por the purpouse
of absorbing oxygen into the bloodstream
• Bronchial tuve: A bronchial tuve is the main passage within the lung
through which air passes from the trachea
• Respiratory system: The respiratory system is the human body’s means of
receiveng oxygen trough breathing. It incluides the nose, mouth, and
lungs.
6. 7 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
GET READY
1. Before you read the passage, talk about these
questions.
1.What are some parts of the respiratory system?
Some parts of the respiratory system are the
bronchial tubes and the lungs.
2.What are some common ailments of the respiratory
system?
Two common ailments of the respiratory system are
asthma, which is when the bronchial tubes are
inflamed and emphysema is where the alveoli lose
their shape and stop working properly.
7. Reading
2. Read the passage from a medical dictionary.
Then, choose the correct answers.
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Comparing treatments of respiratory illnesses
B. Defining two types of respiratory illnesses
C. Categorizing parts of the respiratory system
D. Explaining how oxygen enters the blood
8. 2. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of asthma?
A. Wheezing
B. Coughing
C. Inflamed bronchial tubes
D. Excessive oxygen entering the blood
3. When do alveoli lose their shape in a person with emphysema?
A. When the person exhales
B. When the person inhales
C. When bronchial tubes become inflamed
D. When the person takes medicine
9. Vocabulary
3. Fill in the blanks with the correct words and phrases from the Word bank
Asthma lungs bronchial tubes exhale oxygen
1. Air passes into the lungs from the trachea through the _____________
2. Sam’s _____________ makes him cough and wheeze
3. Emphysea makes it difficult to _____________.
4. The __ _______ are the main organs of the respiratory system.
5. ____________ is a naturally occurring gas essential to human survival.
10. Vocabulary
3. Fill in the blanks with the correct words and phrases from the Word bank
Asthma lungs bronchial tubes exhale oxygen
1. Air passes into the lungs from the trachea through the ___bronchial tubes__________
2. Sam’s _____________ makes him cough and wheeze
3. Emphysea makes it difficult to _____________.
4. The _________ are the main organs of the respiratory system.
5. ____________ is a naturally occurring gas essential to human survival.
11. Vocabulary
3. Fill in the blanks with the correct words and phrases from the Word bank
Asthma lungs bronchial tubes exhale oxygen
1. Air passes into the lungs from the trachea through the ___bronchial tubes__________
2. Sam’s ____Asthma _________ makes him cough and wheeze
3. Emphysea makes it difficult to _____________.
4. The ________ are the main organs of the respiratory system.
5. ____________ is a naturally occurring gas essential to human survival.
12. Vocabulary
3. Fill in the blanks with the correct words and phrases from the Word bank
Asthma lungs bronchial tubes exhale oxygen
1. Air passes into the lungs from the trachea through the ___bronchial tubes__________
2. Sam’s ____Asthma _________ makes him cough and wheeze
3. Emphysea makes it difficult to ___exhale __________.
4. The __ _______ are the main organs of the respiratory system.
5. ____________ is a naturally occurring gas essential to human survival.
13. Vocabulary
3. Fill in the blanks with the correct words and phrases from the Word bank
Asthma lungs bronchial tubes exhale oxygen
1. Air passes into the lungs from the trachea through the ___bronchial tubes__________
2. Sam’s ____Asthma _________ makes him cough and wheeze
3. Emphysea makes it difficult to ___exhale __________.
4. The __lungs _______ are the main organs of the respiratory system.
5. ____________ is a naturally occurring gas essential to human survival.
14. Vocabulary
3. Fill in the blanks with the correct words and phrases from the Word bank
Asthma lungs bronchial tubes exhale oxygen
1. Air passes into the lungs from the trachea through the ___bronchial tubes__________
2. Sam’s ____Asthma _________ makes him cough and wheeze
3. Emphysea makes it difficult to ___exhale __________.
4. The __lungs _______ are the main organs of the respiratory system.
5. __oxygen__________ is a naturally occurring gas essential to human survival.
15. 4. Write a Word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.
1. To treat Jan’s asthma, the Doctor gave her medicine to breathe in.
_ n _ le
2. People with respiratory illness often find it difficult to inhale and exhale. _ r ___ ___ t___e
3. Small air sacs in the lungs are the endpoints of the respiratory airway.
_ l e _li
4. The patient suffers from damaged and misshapen alveoli
__ p _y _ _ m ___
5. The network of organs and airways responsable for gas Exchange can be adversely affected by
smoking.
__ e___ __i ___ ___ t __ r___ ___y___ ___e___
16. 4. Write a Word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.
1. To treat Jan’s asthma, the Doctor gave her medicine to breathe in.
I_ n h _a__ le
2. People with respiratory illness often find it difficult to inhale and exhale. _ r ___ ___ t___e
3. Small air sacs in the lungs are the endpoints of the respiratory airway.
_ l e _li
4. The patient suffers from damaged and misshapen alveoli
__ p _y _ _ m ___
5. The network of organs and airways responsable for gas Exchange can be adversely affected by
smoking.
__ e___ __i ___ ___ t __ r___ ___y___ ___e___
17. 4. Write a Word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.
1. To treat Jan’s asthma, the Doctor gave her medicine to breathe in.
I_ n h _a__ le
2. People with respiratory illness often find it difficult to inhale and exhale. _B r _e_ _a__ t_h__e
3. Small air sacs in the lungs are the endpoints of the respiratory airway.
_ l e _li
4. The patient suffers from damaged and misshapen alveoli
__ p _y _ _ m ___
5. The network of organs and airways responsable for gas Exchange can be adversely affected by
smoking.
__ e___ __i ___ ___ t __ r___ ___y___ ___e___
18. 4. Write a Word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.
1. To treat Jan’s asthma, the Doctor gave her medicine to breathe in.
I_ n h _a__ le
2. People with respiratory illness often find it difficult to inhale and exhale. _B r _e_ _a__ t_h__e
3. Small air sacs in the lungs are the endpoints of the respiratory airway.
_A l v e o _li
4. The patient suffers from damaged and misshapen alveoli
__ p _y _ _ m ___
5. The network of organs and airways responsable for gas Exchange can be adversely affected by
smoking.
__ e___ __i ___ ___ t __ r___ ___y___ ___e___
19. 4. Write a Word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.
1. To treat Jan’s asthma, the Doctor gave her medicine to breathe in.
I_ n h _a__ le
2. People with respiratory illness often find it difficult to inhale and exhale. _B r _e_ _a__ t_h__e
3. Small air sacs in the lungs are the endpoints of the respiratory airway.
_A l v e o _li
4. The patient suffers from damaged and misshapen alveoli
_e_ m p h _y _s _e m _a__
5. The network of organs and airways responsable for gas Exchange can be adversely affected by
smoking.
__ e___ __i ___ ___ t __ r___ ___y___ ___e___
20. 4. Write a Word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.
1. To treat Jan’s asthma, the Doctor gave her medicine to breathe in.
I_ n h _a__ le
2. People with respiratory illness often find it difficult to inhale and exhale. _B r _e_ _a__ t_h__e
3. Small air sacs in the lungs are the endpoints of the respiratory airway.
_A l v e o _li
4. The patient suffers from damaged and misshapen alveoli
_e_ m p h _y _s _e m _a__
5. The network of organs and airways responsable for gas Exchange can be adversely affected by
smoking.
_R_ e__s_ _p_i _r__ _a__ t _o_ r_y__ _s__y__s_ __t_e_m__
21. • 5. Listen and read the passage from a medical dictionary again. What happens to the
alveoli in people with emphysema?
• Emphysema is a disease that affects the respiratory system. it damages the alveoli and
causes them to lose their shape when the infected person exhales.
22. 6. Listen to a conversation between a doctor and a patient. Mark the following
statements as true (T) or false (F)
• 1.____ The woman has had asthma for years
• 2.____ The woman’s new illness is curable
• 3._____ The man writes the woman a prescription.
23. 6. Listen to a conversation between a doctor and a patient. Mark the following
statements as true (T) or false (F)
• 1.__T__ The woman has had asthma for years
• 2.____ The woman’s new illness is curable
• 3._____ The man writes the woman a prescription.
24. 6. Listen to a conversation between a doctor and a patient. Mark the following
statements as true (T) or false (F)
• 1.__T__ The woman has had asthma for years
• 2.__F__ The woman’s new illness is curable
• 3._____ The man writes the woman a prescription.
25. 6. Listen to a conversation between a doctor and a patient. Mark the following
statements as true (T) or false (F)
• 1.__T__ The woman has had asthma for years
• 2.__F__ The woman’s new illness is curable
• 3.___F__ The man writes the woman a prescription.
26. 7. Listen again and complete the conversation.
Doctor: Good morning, Mrs. Simmons. I’ve taken a look at your chest x-rays.
Patient: Yes. And 1 _________ _______ __________ ________
Doctor: I’m 2_______ ________ _____, it appears to be emphysema.
Patient: Oh, really? I thought it was just my 3_______.
Doctor: Well, you’ve had ashtma for years. But this is an entirely new 4_________.
Patient: Can it be cured?
Doctor: Unfortunately, emphysema is incurable. But there are 5________ that can slow its
progression.
Patient: I hope they work. I just want to be able to 6_________ well.
27. 7. Listen again and complete the conversation.
Doctor: Good morning, Mrs. Simmons. I’ve taken a look at your chest x-rays.
Patient: Yes. And 1 _____what____ ___did____ _____you_____ ____find____
Doctor: I’m 2_______ ________ _____, it appears to be emphysema.
Patient: Oh, really? I thought it was just my 3_______.
Doctor: Well, you’ve had ashtma for years. But this is an entirely new 4_________.
Patient: Can it be cured?
Doctor: Unfortunately, emphysema is incurable. But there are 5________ that can slow its
progression.
Patient: I hope they work. I just want to be able to 6_________ well.
28. 7. Listen again and complete the conversation.
Doctor: Good morning, Mrs. Simmons. I’ve taken a look at your chest x-rays.
Patient: Yes. And 1 _____what____ ___did____ ____you______ ____find____
Doctor: I’m 2___Sorry____ ___to_____ __say___, it appears to be emphysema.
Patient: Oh, really? I thought it was just my 3__________.
Doctor: Well, you’ve had ashtma for years. But this is an entirely new 4___________.
Patient: Can it be cured?
Doctor: Unfortunately, emphysema is incurable. But there are 5____________ that can slow its
progression.
Patient: I hope they work. I just want to be able to 6___________ well.
29. 7. Listen again and complete the conversation.
Doctor: Good morning, Mrs. Simmons. I’ve taken a look at your chest x-rays.
Patient: Yes. And 1 _____what____ ___did____ ____you______ ____find____
Doctor: I’m 2___Sorry____ ___to_____ __say___, it appears to be emphysema.
Patient: Oh, really? I thought it was just my 3____asthma___.
Doctor: Well, you’ve had ashtma for years. But this is an entirely new 4__________.
Patient: Can it be cured?
Doctor: Unfortunately, emphysema is incurable. But there are 5_____________ that can slow its
progression.
Patient: I hope they work. I just want to be able to 6____________ well.
30. 7. Listen again and complete the conversation.
Doctor: Good morning, Mrs. Simmons. I’ve taken a look at your chest x-rays.
Patient: Yes. And 1 _____what____ ___did____ ____you______ ____find____
Doctor: I’m 2___Sorry____ ___to_____ __say___, it appears to be emphysema.
Patient: Oh, really? I thought it was just my 3____asthma___.
Doctor: Well, you’ve had ashtma for years. But this is an entirely new 4___condition___.
Patient: Can it be cured?
Doctor: Unfortunately, emphysema is incurable. But there are 5__________ that can slow its
progression.
Patient: I hope they work. I just want to be able to 6____________ well.
31. 7. Listen again and complete the conversation.
Doctor: Good morning, Mrs. Simmons. I’ve taken a look at your chest x-rays.
Patient: Yes. And 1 _____what____ ___did____ ____you______ ____find____
Doctor: I’m 2___Sorry____ ___to_____ __say___, it appears to be emphysema.
Patient: Oh, really? I thought it was just my 3____asthma___.
Doctor: Well, you’ve had ashtma for years. But this is an entirely new 4___condition___.
Patient: Can it be cured?
Doctor: Unfortunately, emphysema is incurable. But there are 5__treatments____ that can slow
its progression.
Patient: I hope they work. I just want to be able to 6____________ well.
32. 7. Listen again and complete the conversation.
Doctor: Good morning, Mrs. Simmons. I’ve taken a look at your chest x-rays.
Patient: Yes. And 1 _____what____ ___did____ ____you______ ____find____
Doctor: I’m 2___Sorry____ ___to_____ __say___, it appears to be emphysema.
Patient: Oh, really? I thought it was just my 3____asthma___.
Doctor: Well, you’ve had ashtma for years. But this is an entirely new 4___condition___.
Patient: Can it be cured?
Doctor: Unfortunately, emphysema is incurable. But there are 5__treatments____ that can slow
its progression.
Patient: I hope they work. I just want to be able to 6___breathe____ well.
33. Speaking
8.- with a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then switch roles.
USE LANGUAGE SUCH AS:
• l’ve taken a look at…
• It appears to be …
• Can it be…
Student A: You are a Doctor. Talk
to Student B about:
• A respiratory illness
• Wheter it can be cures
• Treatment options
Student B: You are patient.
Talt to Studnt A about treating
your respiratory illness
34. • Doctor: Good morning Mrs. Watterson. l’ve taken a look at your Spirometry.
• Patient: Yes. And what was the result, Doctor?
• Doctor: Based on the analysis, it appears to be pneumonia.
• Patient: Oh really? That's a relief. I thought it was a life-threatening disease.
• Doctor: The disease would only affect severely, if it was an older person.
• Patient: Can it be cured?
• Doctor: Most of the symptoms are relieved in a few days or weeks, but you can
take Antibiotics and Antifebrile/analgesics like ibuprofen and paracetamol.
• Patient: Well, thank you very much Doctor, in case of any change, I will consult
you.
• Doctor: Okay, have a nice day.
35. Writing
9.- use the conversation from task 8 to fill out the doctor´s prescription note
• Doctor: Peter Jenkins _
Prescription note
• Patient name: ____Nicole Watterson _
• Date: 22/02/23 _
• Diagnosis: ______pneumonia _
• Prescription: Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs of one or
both lungs. _
36. CONCLUSION
• The respiratory system would be considered one of the most important in our body since:
• - Provides us with the oxygen that the body needs.
• - Removes waste from our cells, through the process called respiration.
• For this reason, it is very important for the doctor to know this system, its parts and its
functions, since it allows to know when it is not working correctly and to give a good
diagnosis and treatment.
