NoSQL is a catch-all term that covers a lot of different types of data storage. Is it really helpful to group them together by one thing they don't have? Think about it like this: my toaster is as much NoSQL as any database! So, how can we make more sense of this new breed of database management systems?

1. I have a NoSQLToaster.
Why would I want a NoSQL database?
Matthew D. Groves @mgroves
Original slides by Matthew Revell - @matthewrevell

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Where am I?
• Connect.Tech
• http://connect-js.com
• http://twitter.com/connect_js

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Who am I?
• Matthew D. Groves
• Developer Advocate for Couchbase
• @mgroves onTwitter
• Podcast and blog: http://crosscuttingconcerns.com
• “I am not an expert, but I am an enthusiast.” – Alan Stevens

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Tweet something, get a sticker!
Use #Couchbase
Tweet something interesting you’ve learned.
Tweet a picture.
I’ve got stickers and a prize for the best tweet!

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Couchbase and CouchDB
Couchbase is to CouchDB
as
MySQL is to SQL Server

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SQL is the norm, right?
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:George_Wendt_at_the_41st_Emmy_Awards_cropped.jpg

7. ~3200 BC: invention of writing in Mesopotamia
~300 BC: Library of Alexandria
~1041AD: Movable type invented in China
1450: Movable type invented in Europe
1822: Babbage’s paper on the application of difference engines
1943: Colossus, the first programmable digital computer
1957-1960: IBM SABRE, the first commercial use of a database
1970: EF Codd proposes the relational database model
1974: Ingres released
1979: Commercial launch of Oracle database
1988: Object databases appear
1989: Microsoft SQL Server version 1
1991: HTTP v0.9
1995: MySQL’s initial release
2005: CouchDB released
2006: Google’s BigTable paper
2007: Amazon’s Dynamo paper
2008-2009: The NoSQL Cambrian explosion: Riak, MongoDB,Cassandra, Redis
2010: Couchbase arrives on the scene

8. NoSQL isn’t a very useful term

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Easy?

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Scalable?
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dagwood_sandwich.jpg

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Commodity Hardware
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rear_of_rack_at_NERSC_data_center_-_closeup.jpg

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ACID vs BASE?
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PH_Scale.svg
Atomic
Consistent
Isolated
Durable
Basic Availability
Soft-state
Eventual consistency

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Schema Schemaless
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Star-schema-example.png

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Normalized Denormalized
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frown.JPG

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First: Why NoSQL?
https://www.flickr.com/photos/wonderlane/13067014944

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Round pegs, square holes
http://www.timesofbook.com/2013/09/blobfish-image-gallery.html#.V6iXwbgrJhE

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Perhaps SQL is right for this project

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Scaling can be hard
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sandwiches_Vienna.jpg

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Availability is hard
https://www.flickr.com/photos/jeepersmedia/14562425273/
C
A
P

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Schemas can be hard
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MediaWiki_database_schema_1-17_(r82044).svg

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Types of NoSQL databases
Document
Key/Value
Columnar
Graph

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Convergence!

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Document

24. ???

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What makes it a document database?

26. JSON
XML
BSON

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The document database
understands the
format of the document

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It can do
server-side stuff

30. Buckets
Documents
Views
N1QL

31. "ClientProductCode","Title","Quantity"
"TShirtCBS","Couchbase logo t-shirt (small)",29
"TShirtCBM","Couchbase logo t-shirt (medium)",72
"TShirtCBL","Couchbase logo t-shirt (large)",34
"TShirtCBXL","Couchbase logo t-shirt (extra large)",12
"StickerCBLogo","Couchbase logo sticker",256
"PenCBLogo","Couchbase logo pen",365

32. class Program
{
private static IBucket _bucket;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
SetupCouchbase();
LoadStockList();
ClusterHelper.Close();
}
private static void SetupCouchbase()
{
ClientConfiguration config = new ClientConfiguration();
config.Servers = new List<Uri> {new Uri("couchbase://192.168.1.5") };
ClusterHelper.Initialize(config);
_bucket = ClusterHelper.GetBucket("default");
}
private static void LoadStockList()
{
var csv = new CsvReader(File.OpenText("swag.csv"));
while (csv.Read())
{
var record = csv.GetRecord<dynamic>();
var document = new Document<dynamic>
{
Id = record.ClientProductCode,
Content = new
{
record.Title,
record.Quantity
}
};
_bucket.Insert(document);
Console.WriteLine($"Added document '{record.ClientProductCode}'");
}
}
}

33. private static void SetupCouchbase()
{
ClientConfiguration config = new ClientConfiguration();
config.Servers = new List<Uri> {new Uri("couchbase://192.168.1.5") };
ClusterHelper.Initialize(config);
_bucket = ClusterHelper.GetBucket("default");
}

34. private static void LoadStockList() {
var csv = new CsvReader(File.OpenText("swag.csv"));
while (csv.Read()) {
var record = csv.GetRecord<dynamic>();
var document = new Document<dynamic> {
Id = record.ClientProductCode,
Content = new {
record.Title,
record.Quantity
}
};
_bucket.Insert(document);
Console.WriteLine($"Added document '{record.ClientProductCode}'");
}
}

36. private static void GetDocument()
{
var doc = _bucket.Get<dynamic>("StickerCBLogo");
Console.WriteLine($"Document Key: {doc.Id}");
Console.WriteLine($"Title: {doc.Value.title}");
Console.WriteLine($"Quantity: {doc.Value.quantity}");
}

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Typical Document Database Operations
• Upsert (aka set)
• Inserts document if key doesn’t exist, replaces otherwise
• Insert (aka add)
• Inserts document, error if it already exists
• Update (aka replace)
• Updates document, error if it doesn’t exist
• Delete
• Get

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N1QL
SELECT m.*
FROM `default` m
WHERE META(m).id = ‘StickerCBLogo’
SELECT m.*
FROM `default` m
WHERE m.quantity > 10

40. Great for Dev
Scales Easily
Consistently Fast

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Use cases for Document Databases
• User profiles
• Session stores
• Content management
• General relational replacement
• http://info.couchbase.com/15Q1TopTenUC.html

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Key/Value Database

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Key-Value Databases
In-memory caches
and
distributed data stores

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Doesn’t care what your data is (mostly)
KEY1 { type: “json” }
KEY2 <data type=“xml”></data>
KEY3 Lorem ipsum
… 00100101000100101
KEYN
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dcmot/23168680069

46. Buckets
Key-Value Pairs

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C# Riak
private static void DoStuffWithRiak()
{
var cluster = RiakCluster.FromConfig("riakConfig");
var client = cluster.CreateClient();
var actor = new RiakObject("actors", "James Bond","Sean Connery");
client.Put(actor);
var actorBackOut = client.Get("actors", "James Bond");
var str = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(actorBackOut.Value.Value);
Console.WriteLine($"Value: {str}");
}

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Introducing: Eventual Consistency!

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Eventual Consistency
https://www.flickr.com/photos/scottchene/7046992749
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Timothy_Dalton_1987.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Roger_Moore_crop.jpg

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There can be only one!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Highlander_film_Connor_MacLeod.jpg

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So, fix it
https://www.flickr.com/photos/94086507@N00/84368105

53. ScalesWell
Highly Available
Data Agnostic
Maybe some extra work

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Use Cases for K/V
• Data variability
• Object caching
• Session storage
• Large object storage

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Columnar

57. Keyspaces
Column Families
Rows
Columns

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Keyspace

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Column Family

60. CREATE KEYSPACE mykeyspace
WITH replication = { 'class': 'SimpleStrategy',
'replication_factor': '1'};
CREATE TABLE users (firstname text, lastname text, age int,
email text, city text, PRIMARY KEY (lastname));

61. private static void DoStuffWithDataStax()
{
var cluster = Cluster.Builder().AddContactPoint("127.0.0.1").Build();
var session = cluster.Connect("mykeyspace");
session.Execute("insert into users (lastname, age, city, email, firstname)
values ('Jones', 35, 'Austin', 'bob@example.com', 'Bob')");
var userBackOut = session.Execute("select * from users where
lastname='Jones'").First();
Console.WriteLine($"{userBackOut["firstname"]} {userBackOut["age"]}");
}

63. Impedance Mismatch
ScalesWell (Ops Headache)
Suited to Analytics

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Use cases for Columnar
•Metering data
•Really big data
•Analytics

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Graph
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_protein_interaction_network_of_Treponema_pallidum.png

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Leonhard Euler

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7 Bridges of Königsberg

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Use cases for Graph databases
• Social networks / dating sites
• Fraud detection
• Parcel routing
• Shopping recommendations

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Say what?
Relational
Document
Key/Value
Columnar
Graph
Object
others…

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Box arrow box arrow
Web Logic
SQL
Riak
Couchbase
More Logic
Mobile

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Couchbase, everybody!
http://couchbase.com/connect
http://info.couchbase.com/Connect16_Livestream_Registration.html

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Where do you find us?
• developer.couchbase.com
• blog.couchbase.com
• forums.couchbase.com
• @couchbasedev
• #couchbase
• @mgroves
• @couchbase