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1. CONFLICT
Con·flict Min·er·al ’kän-flikt’’min-rl’, ‘mi-na- noun:
1. Conflict minerals are minerals mined in conditions
MINERALS
where armed conflict and human rights abuses occur.
Commonly used for 4 minerals (3TG): Tungsten, Tantalum,
Tin, and Gold that are mined in the eastern region of the
Democratic Republicof the Congo (DRC). These minerals
3TG are used in the production of various goods such as
electronic devices and jewelry.
Worldwide Production
W
W W Au
Au W
W Sn Au
Ta Ta
Sn Sn
Ta
Sn W Ta Sn
Au Ta
Au
The Top 5 Producers in Metric Tons - 2009* = Democratic Republic of the Congo = Rest of the World
Tungsten Tantalum Tin Gold
61,130 (99.72%) 583 (87.01%) 250,600 (96.38%) 2,448 (99.92%)
W Ta Sn Au
170 (0.28%) 87 (12.99%) 9,400 (3.62%) 2 (0.08%)
China Brazil China China
51,000 (83.2%) 180 (26.87%) 115,000 (44.23%) 320 (13.06%)
Russia Mozambique Indonesia United States
2,500 (4.07%) 113 (16.86%) 55,000 (21.15%) 223 (9.10%)
Canada Rwanda Peru Australia
1,964 (3.2%) 104 (15.52%) 37,503 (14.42%) 222 (9.06%)
Bolivia DRC Bolivia South Africa
19,273 (7.41%) 87 (12.99%) 19,273 (7.41%) 197.698 (8.07%)
Austria and Australia Brazil Russia
Portugal 81 (12.09%) 13,000 (5%) 190.693 (7.78%)
900 (1.46%)
DRC DRC DRC DRC
170 (0.28%) at 87 (12.99%) at 9,400 (3.62%) at 2,000 (0.08%) at
$25,700/mt = $73,110/mt = $14,200/mt = $31,300,000/mt =
$4,369,000 revenue $6,359,700 revenue
$2,621,400 $3,815,820
funding the war funding the war
$62,600,000 revenue
$37,560,000
funding the war
$133,480,000 revenue
= $1 Million = $1 Million Funding the War $80,088,000
funding the war
Tungsten is from Wolframite. Tantalum is from Coltan Tin is used in solder, Gold is used in electronics,
Used in the vibration of ore. Used in capacitors, electronic components, electronic components,
cellphones, filaments in condensers, cutting tools, coating for steel cans, jewelry, dental crowns,
vacuum tubes and vacuum tube filaments, bearing alloys, and and coins.
electric lights, contact and camera lenses. glass making.
points in cars, electrodes,
rocket engine nozzles,
and cutting tools.
Who is Involved
Tungsten W
Countries Involved in the Mine Locations
Illegal Trade of Conflict Minerals Au
Tantalum Ta
1. Angola
Au Tin Sn
2. Burundi
3. Central Sn Gold Au
African Rep.
Fighting Forces Ta
4. Rep. of Congo 3 7 Sn Sn
Within the DRC
9 6 • Congolese National Army
W Sn
5. DRC
4
5
Sn
2 • Various Armed Rebel Groups
6. Rwanda Au
8 • Democratic Forces for the
7. South Sudan Liberation of Rwanda
1
Sn
8. Tanzania 10
9. Uganda
Sn Sn
10. Zambia
Sn
There were 5.4 MILLION deaths as of 1998. That is equal to 3.5 times the population of Philadelphia. PA, USA
45,000 die each month.
= 10,000 Deaths
Industries Affected What is Being Done Who Should Care
Healthcare Industrial
Manufacturing
The United States passed the • Publicly traded companies and
2300 page Dodd-Frank Wall Street the companies that supply them
Reform and Consumer Protection
Act in May of 2010. It was signed by • Companies that use these minerals
Electronics Aerospace President Obama on July 21, 2010. “necessary to the functionality
Section 1502 of this law is referred or production” of its products
to as the “Conflict Minerals Law” manufactured (or contracted
and requires all companies that to be manufactured)
are registered with the SEC to
disclose the source of minerals • The Securities and Exchanges
in their products. This is the first Commission is expected to finalize
Jewelry Automotive of its kind in the world. updates to 17 CFR parts 229 and
249 by the end of 2011.
The United Nations and DRC have
started a pilot project aimed at
creating 5 mineral trading centers
in the eastern section of the country
to regulate the sale of minerals.
For More Info
Enough Project Genocide Intervention
www.enoughproject.org www.genocideintervention.net
Global Witness Raise Hope for Congo
www.globalwitness.org www.raisehopeforcongo.org
Sources
Assent Compliance - http://assentcompliance.com/
Element 14 - http://www.element14.com/community/docs/DOC-‐36052/l/conflict-‐materials-‐-‐exploring-‐the-‐dodd-‐ frank-‐act
Environmental Chemistry - http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/W.html
Gold-Quote.net - http://gold-‐quote.net/en/articles/fake-‐tungsten-‐gold-‐bars.php
InfoMine - http://www.infomine.com/
Le Monde Diplomatique - http://mondediplo.com/maps/congo2006
PBS - http://video.pbs.org/video/1622330246/
Penn Political Review - http://pennpoliticalreview.org/2011/03/silent-‐but-‐deadly-‐the-‐war-‐on-‐conflict-‐minerals/
Random History.com - http://facts.randomhistory.com/2009/03/09_gold.html
TransAfrika Resources - http://www.transafrikaresources.com/pe/glm_i.php
United States Geological Survey - http://www.usgs.gov/
United States Securities and Exchanges Commission - http://www.sec.gov/spotlight/dodd-‐frank/speccorpdisclosure.shtml
Your Single Source for Surface Mount Passives
*2009 USGS data used is latest available www.venkel.com