1. Ukrainian Crisis: Views in NATO,
Russia and Ukraine
Katie Simmons
Director, Global Economic Attitudes Associate Director, Research
Bruce Stokes
2. March 28, 2022 2
Pew Research Center
• Established 1996
• Funded by the Pew CharitableTrusts
• Non-profit, non-partisan fact tank in Washington
• Survey topics: U.S. domestic politics and economic conditions, values, U.S.
image abroad, global views toward major powers, terrorism, democracy,
country conditions, aging, economy
• Since 2002, we have surveyed in 82 countries, surveying in 40 nations in 2015
• www.pewresearch.org
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3. March 28, 2022 3
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Methodology
• Surveys conducted across eight NATO member countries as well as
Russia and Ukraine from April 6, 2015 to May 15, 2015 totaling 11,116
respondents
• Based on nationally representative telephone interviews in Canada,
France, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom & the United States and
face-to-face interviews in Italy, Poland, Russia & Ukraine conducted
under the direction of Princeton Survey Research Associates
International. The survey in Ukraine excludes Luhans’k, Donets’k and
Crimea.
• The margin of sampling error for the complete set of weighted data is
±2.8% - ±4.1%
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European NATO Members Reluctant to Use Force to Defend
Allies
If Russia got into a serious military conflict with one of its neighboring countries that is our NATO ally,
do you think our country should use military force to defend that country?
56%
53
48
U.S.
Canada
EU median
Note: EU median includes France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and the UK.
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Russians Express Growing Pride in Russia,
Confidence in Putin in International Affairs
47
42
29
51
63
46
37
52
66
0
100
2007 2009 2011 2013 2015
%
Start of unrest
in Ukraine
Very favorable view of Russia
A lot of confidence in Putin
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Ukrainians Want Donbas to Remain Part of Ukraine;
Russians Want It to Secede
Thinking about the future of the Luhans’k and Donets’k regions, would you prefer that they …
Note: In Russia, question read “Thinking about the future of the self-declared republics of Luhans’k and Donets’k ...”
10 10
2
24
4
35
33
21
51%
11%
Ukraine Russia
Become independent
states
Remain part of Ukraine with
greater autonomy from Kyiv
Become part of Russia
Don't know
Remain part of Ukraine on
same terms as before crisis
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Poland Most Worried about Russian Military Threat
How much of a military threat, if at all, is Russia to its neighboring countries, aside from
Ukraine?
70%
53
51
49
44
38
59
44
19%
36
40
38
34
48
33
42
4%
7
8
10
15
13
4
8
Poland
UK
France
Spain
Italy
German
y
U.S.
Canada
Major threat Minor threat Not a threat
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Many NATO Members Oppose Supplying Ukraine with Arms Against Russia
In response to the situation involving Russia and Ukraine, do you __ NATO sending arms to the Ukrainian
gov’t?
36%
43
41
45
59
66
65
77
52
50%
46
44
42
40
25
22
19
41
Poland
U.S.
Canada
UK
France
Spain
Italy
Germany
MEDIAN
Support
Oppose
MEDIAN
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Key NATO Countries Reluctant to Use Force to Defend Allies
If Russia got into a serious military conflict with one of its neighboring countries that is our NATO ally,
do you think our country should or should not use military force to defend that country?
37%
36
37
34
47
53
51
58
42
56%
53
49
48
48
47
40
38
48
U.S.
Canada
UK
Poland
Spain
France
Italy
Germany
Should
Should not
MEDIAN
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U.S.-German Disagreement Over Ukraine
U.S. Germany Diff
% %
Support for NATO sending arms to
the Ukrainian gov’t
46 19 +27
Support for Ukraine becoming a
NATO member
62 36 +26
Our country should use military
force to defend NATO ally against
Russia
56 38 +18
Decrease economic sanctions on
Russia
10 29 -19
Support for Western countries
providing economic aid to Ukraine
62 71 -9
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U.S. Partisan Divide on What to Do about Russia-Ukraine
Democrats Republicans Diff
% %
U.S. should use military force to defend
NATO ally against Russia
47 69 +22
Support for NATO sending arms to the
Ukrainian gov’t
39 60 +21
Increase economic sanctions on Russia 23 40 +17
Support for Ukraine becoming a NATO
member 59 71 +12
Russia is a major military threat to its
neighbors 56 67 +11
Russia is to blame for violence in eastern
Ukraine 39 50 +11
Support for Western countries providing
economic aid to Ukraine 60 69 +9
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Views of Russian Economy Souring
How would you describe the current economic situation in Russia?
13
38
20
32
44
24
83
56
76
64
50
73
0
50
100
Good
Bad
%
2002 2007 2012 2015
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Russians Blame Sanctions and Falling Oil Prices for Economic Woes
Which one of the following is causing the most harm to our economy?
8
25
33
33% Western sanctions
Falling oil prices
Current gov't econ policies
None (VOL)/Don’t know
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Russians Overwhelmingly Support Putin’s Foreign and Domestic Policies
Do you approve or disapprove of the way President Vladimir Putin is handling …
4%
10
13
11
14
23
29
90%
85
83
82
73
70
62
Approve
Disapprove
Relations w/ China
Relations w/ U.S.
Relations w/ Ukraine
Relations w/ EU
Energy policy
Economy
Corruption
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Russian Views of Western Powers Plummet
Russian who have a favorable view of …
79 78
62 64 63
61
56
51
30
37
27
0
50
100
31 EU
35 Germany
15 U.S.
12 NATO
%
2002 2007 2011 2013 2015
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Surveying Ukraine in 2015
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Western Ukrainians Increasingly Critical of Kyiv
Kyiv government is a bad influence
2014 2015 Change
% %
Ukraine 42 59 +17
West 28 54 +26
East 59 65 +6
Note: Ukraine sample does not include Luhans’k, Donets’k and Crimea.
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Ukrainians Want Assistance from West
17%
22
32
32
72
71%
67
54
53
12
Support
Oppose
Getting economic aid
from Western countries
Joining the
Eurasian Economic
Union with Russia
Joining NATO
Getting arms
from NATO
Joining the EU
Do you support or oppose __ for our country?
Note: Ukraine sample does not include Luhans’k, Donets’k and Crimea.
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Eastern Ukrainians Favor Negotiations Over Military Force
To end the conflict in eastern Ukraine, which one of the following solutions do you think is best?
23%
31
13
19%
17
22
47%
40
56
Ukraine
West
East
Use military force Both/Neither (VOL) Negotiate a settlement
Note: Ukraine sample does not include Luhans’k, Donets’k and Crimea.
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are available online at
www.pewresearch.org
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