2. Governance
Project selection aligned to business strategy
Portfolio accountability
Decision point and escalation
Process or work flow
Aligned to organization structure
Include corporate emphasis on customer delivery, i.e. “rapid delivery”, “high level of
quality”, etc.
Supporting tools, templates
Checklists
Data/metric collection
Training and reference guides
Active users of the process
Overview for Executive Management
Continuous improvement
Feedback from users
Changes in organization structure or corporate strategies
KEY ELEMENTS
4. Project governance is the management framework within which
project decisions are made.
Address key project decision points, such as:
Project authorization
Hand offs:
R&D to Product Engineering
Product Engineering to Manufacturing
Other defined key milestones preceding financial commitment
Project closure
Consider different levels of governance
Project Steering Committee (PSC): oversee NPD, high profile, etc.
Product Operations Committee (POC): oversee sustaining product
activities
May require multiple POCs, i.e. by business unit, product line, etc.
GOVERNANCE
8. NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
OUTLINE
Definition PhaseResearch Phase Design Phase
Implementation PhaseValidation PhaseProduction Phase
A B
C
DE
Closure Phase
F
G
Project Manager assigned,
requirement analysis,
project plan (schedule,
resources, budget, etc.) ,
initial risk analysis,
resources identified,
financial and business
analysis, etc.
Feasibility, proof of concept,
market analysis begun,
initial business case
development, etc.
Design of product and
process, marketing and
sales plan, supply chain
design, etc.
Implementation of product
design, evolve marketing
and sales plan, evolve
supply chain needs,
finalizing BOM,
manufacturing procedures,
test, training, etc.
Product validation,
regulatory filings,
manufacturing process
validation, pilot run, sales
and field service training,
etc.
Ramp-up of production,
distribution center stocking,
sales plans executed
Prepare handoff for
sustaining teams, lessons
learned, project summary
to Executive Team
Notes:
1. Stage Gate approval through PSC
2. Most activities cross multiple phases
3. Activities vary by industry and company
4. Additional PSC reviews may be added or Phases combined
9. SUSTAINING PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
PROCESS OUTLINE
Definition Phase Design Phase Implementation Phase
Validation PhaseProduction Phase
A
B C
D
EClosure Phase FG
Notes:
1. Stage Gate approval through POC
2. Most activities cross multiple phases
3. Activities vary by industry and company
4. Additional POC reviews may be added or Phases combined
Full Track
Light Track
Definition Phase Implementation and Validation Phase
Production Phase
C
Closure Phase DE
B
Track selection based
on complexity of
change, risk, number
of factories, number
of resources,
duration, etc.
10. Provide natural milestones with which to measure
progress of project against baseline schedule
Keeps PSC engaged in the performance of the
project portfolio
Provides forum for PSC to review project and make
key decisions at critical points
Enable critical examination:
Does the project as scoped continue to align with the business
rationale?
WHY STAGE GATE REVIEWS
11. Deliverables
What the project manager and team deliver to the decision point
Decided at the output of the previous gate
Based on a standard menu of deliverables for each gate
Criteria
Questions or metrics on which the project is judged in order to
determine a result (go/no-go/hold/rework) and make a decision.
Outputs
Results of the gate review; a decision (go/no-go/hold/rework)
Approved action plan for the next gate
List of deliverables and date for the next gate
STAGE GATE STRUCTURE
13. Processes have a need for tools to support the
overall process
Promote common practices and terminology
Facilitates standardized process flow
Dashboard view of project portfolio
Key metric trends and analysis
SUPPORT OF THE PROCESS
14. Enable automation where possible
Configuration management
Project specific documents, product drawings, etc.
Process templates
Resource utilization
Man hours
OPEX and CAPEX
Project status
Compared to baseline schedule, budget, etc.
Portfolio metrics
Composition of portfolio and investment of resources
Project status by business unit or global enterprise
SUPPORTING TOOLS
15. Business case
Market analysis
Promotion and sales plan
Revenue estimates
Development costs and
support estimates
Stage Gate checklists
Standardized list for each
Gate
Used as agenda and to
facilitate PSC reviews
Project plan
Schedules
Resources (people, OPEX
and CAPEX)
Communication plan
Risk register
Quality plan
Other collateral:
Project and portfolio
review slide
Meeting minute
FORMS AND TEMPLATES
17. Type
Overview for functional and executive management
Detailed for daily users
When?
“Just in time” as deployed
Regular refresher sessions
Part to corporate onboarding
Content
Process
Templates
Tools
TRAINING
18. Reference guides
Readily available material: online or printed
“Lunch and Learns”
Share experiences from users
Pep talks and process reminders
Process mentors
Process newsletters
ONGOING SUPPORT
20. Over time, an unmanaged process will become obsolete, stale and
not meet the needs of the organization
Continuous improvement and refinement from:
Organization changes
Business strategy
Regulatory impact
Feedback from users
Lessons learned from previous projects
Best practice adoption from professional community
Impact on:
Workflows
Templates
Tools
Training
MANAGING THE PROCESS
Notas do Editor
http://wps.pearsoncustom.com/wps/media/objects/7225/7398617/MGT310_Ch03.pdf
Chapter 3
•
Project Selection and Portfolio Management
TABLE 3.1
Issues in Project Screening and Selection
1. Risk—Factors that reflect elements of unpredictability to the firm, including:
a. Technical risk—risks due to the development of new or untested technologies
b. Financial risk—risks from the financial exposure caused by investing in the project
c. Safety risk—risks to the well-being of users or developers of the project
d. Quality risk—risks to the firm’s goodwill or reputation due to the quality of the completed project
e. Legal exposure—potential for lawsuits or legal obligation
2. Commercial—Factors that reflect the market potential of the project, including:
a. Expected return on investment
b. Payback period
c. Potential market share
d. Long-term market dominance
e. Initial cash outlay
f. Ability to generate future business/new markets
3. Internal operating issues—Factors that refer to the impact of the project on internal operations of the
firm, including:
a. Need to develop/train employees
b. Change in workforce size or composition
c. Change in physical environment
d. Change in manufacturing or service operations resulting from the project
4. Additional factors
a. Patent protection
b. Impact on company’s image
c. Strategic fit
While the project team is responsible for the execution of the project, the PSC members are ultimately accountable for their resources, budget and deliverables
While the project team is responsible for the execution of the project, the PSC members are ultimately accountable for their resources, budget and deliverables