1. SOUND
By Leah Butterworth

2. Sound Desk (front)
This is the gain.
This controls how
much sound is sent
from the sound
device to the desk.
This is the pan this
sends sound left or right
using stereo inputs so
the left speaker is the
left pan and the right
speaker is the right pan.
Channel ‘on’
button
Distortion
and input
lights
These are the special effects
channels which are really
helpful when doing shows.
Faders: control the
volume of each
channel output.You
can pre or post fade.
Pre fade is applied
before the effect and
post fade is after you
have given an effect.
This is the main fader
which controls the
overall volume.This
should be set to zero.
This is the gauge, this
shows the volume
visually. If this is shown
red the sound is way to
high and the sound will
become distorted and
bad quality. When setting
the gain you should make
sure the lights are
showing as all green and
a little orange.
These are the many different channels on the desk.There
are 24 mono channels but only 12 stereo channels.This is
because stereo uses two channels for left and right.
EQ:These three
knobs are for high,
mid and low
frequency.They do
different things
though.
The 1st knob cuts
and boosts high
frequency.The 2nd
knob selects a
specific frequency.
The 3rd knob cuts
and boosts the
specific frequency
you have set.This
makes the sound
much better.
AUX: you can use
this to isolate
certain sounds for
example the base
or the hi/low/mid
freq to boost the
certain sound

3. Sound Desk (back)
This is the power
button.
This is for the power
source to plug into.
The desk has 3 outputs.One
mono and one left and one
right.These are the male XLR
outputs
These are the female XLR inputs.
This is the ¼ inch jack
input for the sound source.
Usually either used for CD
players or IPod or even a
PC.
On the desk there are 24 inputs.There are two ¼ inch
jack inputs per channel.This will be mono however for
stereo you would need a jack per channel.

4. Input and Output Channels
 There are either 6 or 12 input
places to plug in your sound
devices.There is either mono
or stereo sound.You use
mono when only plugging in
one device for example a
guitar only needs one input
whereas stereo is when
plugging in more than one
device for example a drum kit
because it has more than one
component.
 Output channels are the main
source of output so the right
output connects to right
speaker and left output
connects to right speaker.

5. Pre and post fade
Pre fade: This means that your applying the amount of effect to a channel and
that’s set regardless of the volume. If my effect is applied pre fade the amount of
effect wont change, never mind how much volume.
Post fade: Amount of effect will change as I increase the volume . So it is not pre
set to a certain amount. So as I increase the volume the effect will increase with it.
They will work in tandem together.
Scenario: So if I had four vocalists on stage and I want them to all sound the same
so it sounds like there all in the same environment (to sound like there in the same
size room) you would first select the correct effect on the microphone .But the
volumes may be different for example one vocalist is the lead or one vocalist sings
much quieter you would wants pre fade so they all have the same effect
regardless of what level the channels are on.
If what I want is a scene in a cave and I have two actors playing in the cave and two
actors out of the cave you are going to want the amount of effect to be relative to
there level of sound. So in that situation you would use post fade.

6. Effects
 Delay: Large locations have delay where sound is
projected from where the audience hears it. Small
locations have very little delay. For example if I was in a
music gig in a small place and wanted to make it seem
like it was bigger I would give the sound delay.
 Reverb: Reverb is an effect that you would put on if you
wanted the sound to reverberate and sound like you are
in a much bigger space. For example if you were in a
small room you can reverb the sound so if a singer would
sing in a small room you can make it seem much bigger
whereas bigger rooms for example a cathedral natural
reverberate.

7. Active Speaker
 You have to plug into a power source but it has a built in amp.
 Dials in the back allows you to just plug straight in
Scenario:
I would choose a passive speaker
over a active speaker if the
circumstance was that I was
travelling to perform at a venue like
a school or gig to needed a speaker
because it is much more convenient
because it is less to carry when
travelling because it has a built in
amp so I would only need to carry
one thing and not loads.

8. Passive Speaker
 A passive speaker doesn’t have a built in amp you have to have a
separate one.
 Used for more variety
Scenario:
I would choose a passive speaker
over an active speaker if the
circumstance was that I was rigging
the speaker to the ceiling in a
performance because they are
much lighter because they do not
have a built in amp so they would
be much more lighter to carry up
the ladder.

9. Accessories
Cables
 XLR: used for desk to speaker
 Jacks: different size (like the iPod charges)
 Phono: used forCD players orWii or video equipment
 Speakon: speaker to amps
 IEC/Kettle lead: equipment to power source
 Figure 8: plug in radio and CD players