The document discusses Pakistan's foreign policy and relations with India. It lists group members for a presentation and covers topics like the partition of British India, the Kashmir dispute, wars between India and Pakistan in 1965 and 1971, and the Indus Water Treaty. It describes the religious differences between Islam and Hinduism, massacres during partition, and key events and outcomes of the wars. It concludes that resolving the Kashmir issue and water treaty would help improve relations between the two countries.
4. FOREIGN POLICY
• A government strategy in dealing with other
nations
• According to Prof: Joseph Framkel:
• “Foreign policy consists of decisions and actions which involves to
some appreciable extent relations between State and others”
5. PRINCIPLES OF FOREIGN POLICY
• Peaceful co-existence
• Non-Alignment
• Bilateralism
• United Nations charter
• Support to right of self-determination
• Unity of Islamic world
• De-weaponisation
• Elimination of facial discrimination
• Establishment of peace
• Good relations with neighbours
• International and religional cooperation
9. WHAT WE WILL TALK ABOUT
• Partition of British India
• Masscareof refuges
• Religious differences
• Kashmir dispute
• War of 1965
• War of 1971
• Indus water treaty
10. PARTITION OF BRITISH INDIA
• The partition of British India was the partition of India
sub-continent
• Partition was based on two religious; Islam and
Hinduism
• British India was divided into independent states; union
of India and domination of Pakistan
11.
12. MASSACRE OF REFUGEES
• After the partition of British India large number of refugees moved from both
countries (India and Pakistan)
• Refugees were killed from both sides
• Approximately 4 million Hindus moved from Pakistan to India and 5-6 million
Muslims moved from India to Pakistan
• The groups of Sikhs and jathas killed a large number of Muslim refugees
• To take revenge Muslims also killed large number of Muslim refugees
• To take revenge Muslim also killed large number of Hindu refugees
13. RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES
Islam
• Muslim believe in one Allah and his
prophet (PBUH).
• Muslims sacrifice animals
(cows,goats,camels)for Allah after every
year.
• Muslims offer prayers In masjids.
• Music and dancing is forbidden in
islam.
Hinduism
• Hindus have many gods and they pray
for their idols.
• Hindus believe animals (monkeys, cows,
elephants)as God.
• Hindus pray in their temples.
• Hindus like to learn music and singing.
14. KASHMIR DISPUTE
• Kashmir dispute was the major issue that have strained the relationship between
India and Pakistan
• It’s majority population was Muslim but it’s ruler,Mahraja Harisingh,Was Hindu
• Ruler wanted Kashmir as an independent state.
• Pakistani forces moved to India to dispatch Kashmir
• Maharaja was turned to India and asked it to send it’s troops to Kashmir
• India launched an operation and captured large area of Kashmir
15.
16. WAR OF 1965
• India not announced and entered in Pakistan from different
borders
• 30,000 Indian army while Pakistan have only 5,000 soldiers
• This war is called tank war
• Role of M.M Allam
18. LOSSES IN 1971 WAR
India losses
• 3,843 killed 9,851 wounded
• 1 frigate (small plane)
• 1 Naval plane
• Indian okha harbourdamage/fueling facilities
destroyed
• Damage to Western Indian airfields
• Pakistan claims 130 IAF aircraft
• Indian claims 45 IAF aircraft
Pakistan losses
• 9,000 killed 4,350 wounded 97,368 captured
• 2 destroyers
• 1 minesweeper
• 1 submarine
• 3 patrol vessels
• 7 gunboats
• Pakistani main port Karachi facilities demaged
fuel tanks destroyed
• Pakistani airfields demages
19. INDUS WATER TREATY
• The treaty was signed in Karachi on September 19,1960 by the Indian prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru and the president of Pakistan Mohammad Ayub Khan.
• The Indus system of rivers comprises three Western rivers the Indus ,the jehlum and
Chenab and the three eastern rivers –the sutlej,the Beas and the Ravi.
• The treaty was that India would be not interference in follow of Indus water coming
to Pakistan.
• India constructed dams against the Indus treaty on River,Jhelum and Chenab
• India constructed 41 dams in these rivers and 12 were under consideration.
20. CONCLUSION
• To improve the relationship between India and Pakistan both
countries will have to ;
• Resolve the Kashmir issue.
• Resolve the water treaty
• But these issues are still not yet resolved
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