UNIT I-A
AN INTRODUCTION
TO PHYSICAL EDUCATION

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of the unit, the students are able to:
1. define Physical Education;
2. identify the objectives of Physical Education;
and
3. value the importance of Physical Education.

WHAT IS
PHYSICAL
EDUCATION?

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
- A process through which an individual obtains
optimal mental, social, and fitness skills through
physical activities.
-Lumpkin (2002)

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
- “Education through or by means of physical
activities.”
-Ravelo (1972)

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
- PE is a planned sequential instruction that
promotes lifelong physical activity. It is designed
to develop basic movement skills, sports skills,
and physical fitness as well as to enhance
mental, social and emotional abilities.
- Eviza (2007)

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
- PE is an integral part of the education program
designed to promote the optimum development
of an individual physically, emotionally, mentally
and socially through total body movements.
-Domingo (2008)

OBJECTIVES OF
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
• Physical development
• Social development
• Emotional development
• Mental development

LEGAL BASIS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Article 1 of the International Charter of Physical Education and Sports, UNESCO,
Paris, 1978 and Recommendation 1, Interdisciplinary Regional Meeting of Experts
on Physical Education, UNESCO, Brisbane Austria, 1982. States that:
“The practice of Physical Education and Sports is a fundamental right for all..”
“And this right should not be treated as different in principle from the right to
adequate food, shelter, and medical care.”
Article XIV, section 19, 1986 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines –

LEGAL BASIS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
“The State shall promote Physical Education and encourage sports programs, league
competitions, and amateur sports including training for international competition to
foster self-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and
alert citizenry.”
“All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the
country and in cooperation with athletic club and other sectors.”

BASIC PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN COLLEGE
The services Physical Education refers to the four subjects given to the freshmen and
sophomores in the first four semesters of their college work
Physical Education 1: Physical Education and Physical Fitness Test
It covers the essentials of physical fitness components and self-testing activities.
Physical Education 2: Rhythmic Activities
It is focused on the rhythm, fundamental rhythmic activities, dance mixers, local and foreign
dances, as well as social dances.
Physical Education 3: Individual/Dual Sports/Games
It deals with the acquisition of skills on recreational activities such as bowling; table tennis,
badminton, track and field events, and to foster love of country, “mga larong lahi” are, likewise
given.
Physical Education 4: Team Sports/Sports and Aquatics
It emphasize the acquisition of the fundamentals of common team sports such as body

VALUES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
The value of physical education activities are found in the
resulting development and adjustment of the individual.
Engaging in any activity stimulates in some degree the four types
of development although different activities emphasize different
amounts. Regular exercise and physical activity are extremely
important and beneficial for long-term health and well-being.

Health Benefits of Exercise and Physical Activity
1. Reduce the risk of premature death
2. Reduce the risk of developing and/or from heart disease
3. Reduce high blood pressure or the risk of developing high blood pressure
4. Reduce high cholesterol or the risk of developing high cholesterol.
5. Reduce the risk of developing colon cancer and breast cancer.
6. Reduce the risk of developing diabetes.
7. Reduce or maintain body weight or body fat.
8. Build and maintain healthy muscles, bones, and joints.
9. Reduce depression and anxiety.
10. Improved psychological well-being.
11. Enhance work, recreation, and sports performance.

THE FOUR TYPES OF DEVELOPMENT
1. ORGANIC
This is the development of power and endurance of the heart, lungs, heat-regulating
mechanism, and digestive and eliminating organs. These various organs gain power
and stamina from use. 5
2. NEUROMASCULAR
The development of skills and coordination required in the mastery of life’s varied
activities can be directly attributed to physical education; also to the development of
strength in the skeletal muscles used in such coordination.

3. INTERPRETIVE
This type of development strengthens thinking, interpreting, and problem-solving
processes of the individual. It starts with the explanatory play of infancy and childhood
and continues through all physical education activities.
4. EMOTIONAL
The development and maturing of impulses and emotions through activities which
give them expression under natural controls such as officials, rules, traditions, and the
person’s desire to stay in the game and play are inherent in team sports where fear,
anger, joy, and other powerful emotions are experienced.

Here is a list of words with their origins and meaning:
Apparatus – from the Latin word “apparare”, to prepare; a device or, a group of devices
used for a particular purpose
Anthropomorphic – from the Greek words “anthropikos”, human being and “morphic”;
having a specified shape form
Calisthenics – from the Greek words “kalos” beautiful and “sthenos” for strength;
exercises without the use of any apparatus
Coordination – from the Latin word “ordinatus”, to arrange; the harmonious functioning
of muscles or groups of muscles in the execution of movements.
Cardiovascular - from the Greek word “kardio”, heart, and the Latin word “vasculum”,
relating to or involving the heart and the blood vessels
Exercise – from the Latin words “ex” and “arcere”, to restain; bodily exertion for the sake
of keeping the organs and functions in a healthy state

Flexibility - from the word “flexus”; to bend
Gymnastics - from the Greek word “gumnos” or sometimes “gymnos”, naked.
Gymnasium – from the Greek word “gumnasion” or “gumnazein” meaning to exercise naked; a
place where Greek youth exercised.
Kinesiology – from the Greek words “kinesis”, movement and –ology fro branch of learning.
Baron Nils Posse was the first to coin this word in relation to his Swedish gymnastics
Pedagogue – from the Greek words “padio”, boy and “agogos”, leader. It now means a school
teacher or an educator. It was literally a slave who supervised children and took them to and
from school.
Pedagogy – from the Greek “see above”; the art or profession of teaching.
Physical Education – from the Latin word “physica”, physics and “education”; the training of the
bodily organs and powers with a view to the promotion of health and vigor.
Physiology – from the Greek words “phusio”, nature and –ology branch of learning; the branch
of the biological science dealing with the processes and functions of an organism. In Physical
Education it is mainly Human Physiology which applies to a study of the functions of the organs
and tissues in man.

IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Through regular exercises, physical fitness helps the individual:
in the proper growth of young bones and muscles;
improve the ability to avoid and recover from illnesses and accidents;
improve posture and appearance by strengthening muscles that support the body
minimize stress response;
maintain proper body weight;
Prevent heart ailment;
improve organic functions;
delay the aging process;
feel good and younger as a human being, and
experience joy of participation in any recreational or sports activities.

ACTIVITY 1
Essay. How Physical Education affects your daily
lives?
• Use yellow paper/bond paper in answering the
question.
• Take a photo of your answer and send it to your
assigned FOLDER in Google drive.