Demand side load management system prototype to mitigate the effects of large energy load blocks during a period of time by advancing or delaying their effects until the power supply can readily accept the additional load. Blynk IoT platform was used for data storage and designing of companion android application for data monitoring and system controls.

1. 09-06-2021 Dept. of EE 1
PROJECT
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM TO REDUCE PEAK
DEMAND OF DOMESTIC CONSUMERS

2. CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 LITERATURE SURVEY
 OBJECTIVE
 METHODOLOGY
 BLOCK DIAGRAM
 CONTROL STRATEGY
 DESIGN
 SIMULATION AND RESULTS
 COST ESTIMATION
 HARDWARE & ANDROID APPLICATION
 ALGORITHM OF ARDUINO PROGRAM
 TRUTH TABLE
 CONCLUSION
 WORK PLAN
 REFERENCES
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3. INTRODUCTION
 Electricity consumers have to pay higher cost per unit energy within peak hours than in off peak hours. Electricity
suppliers should have to spend additional cost to produce electricity during the peak hours.
 At the peak hours, the current flowing through the transmission lines increases in large amounts and it causes
increase in power loss and drops the system voltage. Also during the off-peak hours, demand reduce in large
amount within small time period. As a result there’s a possibility of the power system being unstable.
 It was found that using a battery bank, the energy can be stored and supplied to the premise to reduce the peak
load. The results shows the storage system can reduce the peak load at the consumer premise and hence make an
impact to reduce the peak load in a utility.
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4. LITERATURE SURVEY
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1. S. Farah D. Whaley, P. Pudney, and W. Saman examined the impact of various battery charging and discharging
control strategies, with and without photovoltaic (PV) systems, to reduce both the monthly peak demands and life
cycle cost of electricity under a new proposed monthly demand tariff in South Australia. The study used real
household demand and PV data for a monitored low-energy house. The results showed that for the PV capacities
considered, electricity storage using Control Strategies could not reduce the life cycle cost of electricity. But
electricity storage systems can significantly reduce monthly peak demands.
2. E. Telaretti and L. Dusonchet evaluated the economic feasibility of electrochemical storage systems in peak load
shaving applications. Their analysis refers to a li-ion, an advanced lead-acid, a NaS and a flow battery. The sizing
and the operating strategy of the BESS have been defined, so as to obtain, at the same time, the flattest daily
usage pattern and the maximum benefit for the customer. Their simulation results show a customer daily power
profile perfectly levelled in shoulder seasons and a peak shaving effect in all other days.

5. OBJECTIVE
To design an economically feasible battery bank system which can
• Reduce the fluctuation in load frequencies during peak and off peak time
• Reduce additional cost to produce electricity during the peak hours
• Economic profit from TOD Tariff
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6. Mode 1
Dept. of EE 6
METHODOLOGY
Load < Rated Output
of the Battery
Grid Supply
Available?
Time
Peak Time Off-Peak Time
True False
Battery Full ?
True
False
True False
Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Mode 1*
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Peak-Load Shifting Process

7. Dept. of EE 7
BLOCK DIAGRAM
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8. CONTROL STRATEGY
Contactor – 01
Contactor – 02 and
Boost Inverter MOSFETs
Contactor – 03
Mode 1 OFF ON OFF
Mode 2 ON ON OFF
Mode 3 ON OFF ON
Mode 4 ON OFF OFF
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9.  Battery Type = Lead Acid Battery (12V 200Ah)
 Number of Batteries = 8
 Battery Capacity =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 × 𝐵𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑢𝑝 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
𝐵𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑦 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 × 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 × 𝐷𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒
=
2000 × 4 𝐻𝑟𝑠
96 𝑉 × 80% × 50%
≈ 200𝐴ℎ
 Switch Type = IRF3205 N channel Power MOSFET
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CONTROL STRATEGY

10. DESIGN
 Duty Cycle, D = 1 −
𝑉𝑆
𝑉𝑂
= 1 -
96
300
=0.68
 Resistance, R =
𝑉2
𝑃
=
3002
2000
= 45Ω
 Inductance, L =
𝐷(1−𝐷)2𝑅
2𝐹
=
0.68(1−0.68)245
2 × 30 × 103 = 5.224 × 10−5
𝐻
 Capacitance, C =
𝐷
2𝐹𝑅
=
0.68
2 × 30 × 103 × 45
= 2.5185 × 10−7
𝐹
09-06-2021 Dept. of EE 10

11. 09-06-2021 Dept. of EE 11
Circuit Diagram of Boost Inverter
5.224 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟓𝑯
𝟐. 𝟓𝟏𝟖𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟕𝑭
𝟗𝟔𝑽
LOAD
𝐌𝟎
𝐌𝟏 𝐌𝟐
𝐌𝟒
𝐌𝟑
𝐃
DESIGN

12. SIMULATION OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
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13. SIMULATION OF CONTROL SYSTEM
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14. SIMULATION OF GRID TIE INVERTER
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15. 09-06-2021 Dept. of EE 15
Simulation Result
RESULTS

16. RESULTS
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1. When Load < 2000W
Contactor Control Signal Simulation Result

17. RESULTS
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1. When Load > 2000W
Contactor Control Signal Simulation Result

18. RESULTS
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19. COST ESTIMATION
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20. HARDWARE
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Hardware of sine wave single phase Inverter

21. ANDROID APPLICATION
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1. TAB 1 – General
1. Live status indicators from Arduino
2. Live battery level indicator
3. Live graphical data
4. Historical graphical data
Screenshot of the app (TAB 1)

22. ANDROID APPLICATION
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1. TAB 2 – Settings
1. Period selection
2. Peak and off peak time settings
Screenshot of the app (TAB 2)

23. HARDWARE
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Circuit Diagram of Control System

24. ALGORITHM OF ARDUINO PROGRAM
1. Start
2. Include necessary libraries
3. Declare all the variables
4. Define all analog and digital pins
5. Initialize virtual pins and app elements
6. Declare and define the functions mode1, mode2, mode3 and mode4
7. Declare and define the functions for data input from the app
8. Declare a timer event which calls respective functions according to the current time
9. In SETUP, initialize the serial communication
10. Set the pinMode of all the analog and digital pins
11. Establish connection to the server
12. Declare the timer function
13. In Loop, Call the timer function
14. Stop
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25. TRUTH TABLE
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26. HARDWARE
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27. HARDWARE
• Mode – 1
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Screenshot of the app during mode 1
Control system indicator LEDs during mode 1
G I B T L

28. 09-06-2021 Dept. of EE 28
Screenshot of the app during mode 2
• Mode – 2
G I B T L
Control system indicator LEDs during mode 1
HARDWARE

29. 09-06-2021 Dept. of EE 29
Screenshot of the app during mode 3
• Mode – 3
G I B T L
Control system indicator LEDs during mode 1
HARDWARE

30. 09-06-2021 Dept. of EE 30
Screenshot of the app during mode 4
• Mode – 4
G I B T L
Control system indicator LEDs during mode 1
HARDWARE

31. 09-06-2021 Dept. of EE 31
HARDWARE

32. SCREEN RECORDING FROM
ANDROID APPLICATION
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1. Live status indicators when load is varied
2. Live battery level indicator
3. Live graphical data
4. Period selection
5. Peak and off peak time settings
6. Full screen data history

33. CONCLUSION
 Grid tie inverter has been designed.
 The proposed system consumes power from the grid only during off peak time.
 The proposed system can also work as a conventional inverter.
 As a future work it is possible to use other energy storage methods like super capacitors which has low
cost, high efficiency and long lifetime than the battery bank.
 5G module can be integrated to directly connect to a high speed cloud server thereby making it
independent of an on-site server or computer for data transfer.
09-06-2021 Dept. of EE 33

34. WORK PLAN
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35. REFERENCES
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[1] A. G. N. Madhuranga and I. A. Premaratne, "Energy Storage Battery Bank system to reduce peak demand
for domestic consumers," 2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics
(Comptelix), Jaipur, 2017, pp. 648-653, doi: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004049.
[2] S. Farah, D. Whaley, P. Pudney, and W. Saman, “Control strategies of domestic electrical storage for
reducing electricity peak demand and life cycle cost.” IEEE, 2015, pp. 1–6.
[3] W. Zheng, K. Ma, and X. Wang, “Hybrid energy storage with supercapacitor for cost-efficient data center
power shaving and capping,” IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol. 28, pp. 1105–1118,
2017.
[4] E. Telaretti and L. Dusonchet, “Battery storage systems for peak load shaving applications: Part 1: Operating
strategy and modification of the power diagram.” IEEE, 2016, pp. 1–6.
[5] A. Stone, M. Rasheduzzaman and P. Fajri, "A Review of Single-Phase Single-Stage DC/AC Boost Inverter
Topologies and Their Controllers," 2018 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech), Long
Beach, CA, USA, 2018, pp. 1-8, doi: 10.1109/SusTech.2018.8671380.

36. Dept. of EE 36
THANK YOU
09-06-2021