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2. Banyan Tree
(200-300
Years)
Fruit fly
(2 Weeks)

3. BIRTH
Juvenile
Reproductive
Senescence
DEATH

4. Factors Affecting
Reproduction
Habitat
Internal
Physiology
Other
Factors….
REPRODUCTION
The Process of giving
Birth to young one
Similar to itself

5. Asexual
Single Parent Is
Involved
Young ones
produced are
similar to parents
Sexual
Two Parent Is
Involved
Young ones
produced are not
similar to parents

6. Fission – 1. Binary
2. Multiple
Budding (Hydra)
Fragmentation (Fungi)
Zoospores (Chlamydomonas)
Conidia (Penicillium)
Cell Division (Protista, Monerans)

7. VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION
Runners
Rhizome
Sucker
Tuber
Offsets
Bulbils
Lead bud
Bulbs

8. Sexual Reproduction
The type of reproduction in which there is the involvement of two
parents resulting in information of offspring with variations that have
certain different characteristics from parents.
The end of the Juvenile or vegetative phase marks the beginning of the
reproductive phase.

9. Types Of
Flowers
Annual Biennial

10. Types Of
Flowers
Annual Biennial
Bamboo tree
flowers only once
in their lifetime
generally after 50
- 100 years
Strobilanthes
kunthiana flower
once in 12 years

12. Oestrus Cycle –
Above changes in Non-
Primates
Examples :
• Cow
• Sheep
• Cats etc..

13. Oestrus Cycle –
Above changes in Non-
Primates
Examples :
• Cow
• Sheep
• Cats etc..
Menstrual Cycle –
Above changes in Primates
Examples :
• Humans
• Gorilla
• Monkey..

14. ZYGOTE
(2n)
Male
Gamete
(n)
Female
Gamete
(n)

15. Types Of
Gametes
Isogametes
e.g. :- Cladophora
Heterogametes
e.g. :- Humans

16. Unisexual
Heterothallic
Dioecious
Examples
1. Date palm
2. Papaya
3. Cockroach
4. Marchantia
Only
single
sex organ
Bisexual
Homothallic
Monoecious
Examples
1. Cucurbit
2. Coconut
3. Earthworm
4. Sponges
Both Sex
Organs

17. Haploid
Body
Mitosis Gametes
GAMETE FORMATION

18. Haploid
Body
Mitosis Gametes
Diploid
Body
Meiosis Gametes
GAMETE FORMATION

20. EVENTS OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
1. Pre-Fertilization
2. Fertilization
3. Post-Fertilization

21. FERTILIZATION

22. FERTILIZATION
Fusion of male and female gamete is
fertilization

23. FERTILIZATION
ZYGOTE
(2n)
Male
Gamete
(n)
Female
Gamete
(n)
Fusion of male and female gamete is
fertilization

24. PARTHENOGENESIS

25. PARTHENOGENESIS
The process of development of
female gamete without fertilization.

26. PARTHENOGENESIS
The process of development of
female gamete without fertilization.
Examples :-
• Rotifers
• Honeybees
• Some Lizards
• Turkey

27. Types of Fertilization

28. Types of
Fertilization
External
E.g.:- Frogs, Bony Fishes,
etc.…

29. Types of
Fertilization
External
E.g.:- Frogs, Bony Fishes,
etc.…
Internal
E.g.:- Mammals, reptiles
etc..

31. Events taking place
after the formation
of zygote comes
under this category

33. Diploid Structure
Development depends upon life cycle of individual
Forms thick layer in case of Fungi and algae as
protective covering
Undergoes meiosis to form haploid organism
Vital link ensuring continuity of species

35. PROCESS INVOLVING THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMBRYO
TO AN ORGANISM IS

36. PROCESS INVOLVING THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMBRYO
TO AN ORGANISM IS
It involves maturation of certain cells, cell
differentiation, maturation
As a result a fully organism is formed

37. Development of
Zygote

38. Development
of Zygote
Oviparous
E.g. :- Birds

39. Development
of Zygote
Oviparous
E.g. :- Birds
Viviparous
E.g. :-
Humans

40. •Wither Off
Sepals, Petals,
Stamen
•Embryo
Zygote
•Seed
Ovule
•Fruit with Pericarp
Ovary