ppt by kanav mansotra

1. SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM USING
MICROCONTROLLER
1

2. THE SOLAR OPTION:
 Solar energy is a very large, inexhaustible source of energy. The power from the sun
intercepted by the earth is many thousands of times larger than the present consumption rate
on the earth of all commercial energy sources.
 Solar energy could supply all the present and future energy needs of the world on a
continuing basis. This makes it one of the most promising of the unconventional energy
sources.
 It has two other factors in the favour:
i. Firstly, unlike fossil fuels and nuclear power, it is environmentally clean source of
energy.
ii.Secondly, it is free and available in adequate quantities in almost all parts of the world
where people live. Also it has no heavy mechanical section and is free from noise.
2

3. OBJECTIVE
 The aim of our projects is to utilize the maximum solar energy through solar panel. For this a digital
based automatic sun tracking system is proposed.
 The solar panel tracks the sun from east to west automatically for maximum intensity of light.
 Processes Involved are-:
i. To fabricate a Stepper motor control interfaced with driver circuit.
ii. To construct a model prototype solar cell movement system with a mechanical
assemble to move the panel from 180⁰ E to W.
iii.To design an electronic circuit to sense the intensity of light and to control stepper
motor driver for the panel movement.
3

4. How the Tracker follow the Sun:
1.Sunrise "Wake- Up:
The Track Rack begins the day
facing west. As the morning
sun rises, the sun rays falls on
the LDR, it detects and sends
signal to stepper motor to turn
towards the east.
2. Mid-Morning:
As the sun rises, the LDR
also detect the angle, where
its getting maximum
efficiency and
correspondingly move
towards that direction.
3. Mid-Afternoon:
As the sun moves, the Track
Rack follows (at
approximately 15o per hour,
continually moving from one
side to another.
4. Sunset:
The Track Rack completes its
daily cycle facing west. It
remains in this position
overnight until it is
"awakened" by the rising sun
the following morning.
4

5. CIRCUIT AND WORKING
5

6. BLOCK DIAGRAM6
MICROCONTROLLERLDR 2
POWER
SUPPLY
DRIVER
STEPPER
MOTOR
LDR 1
COMPARATOR

7. System Concept
 Our design of Solar Tracker is to develop and implement a simplified
diagram of a horizontal axis and active tracker method type of solar tracker
fitted to a panel. It will be able to navigate to the best angle of exposure of
light from the torchlight. A pair of sensors is used to point the East and
West of the location of the light. A scaled-down model of a prototype will
be designed and built to test the workability of the tracking system. The
center of the drive is a DC motor. Figure shows a schematic diagram of a
horizontal-axis solar tracker. This will be controlled via microcontroller
program. The designed algorithm will power the motor drive after
processing the feedback signals from the sensor array.
7

8. Flowchart
8

9. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM9

10. PROGRESS
 We are studying on various IEEE research papers about our Project and
related topics to our project. We are studying for the assembly language
program to implement in our project. We have made the simplified
algorithm with flowchart for our project. We have bought some of our
Components but till now we have not got all the components. As soon as
we receive all the components we will start working on the hardware
section.
10

11. CONCLUSION
 We presented a means of tracking the sun’s position with the help of
microcontroller. Specially, it demonstrates a working software solution for
maximizing solar cell output by positioning a solar panel at the point of maximum
light intensity.
 Moreover, the tracker can initialize the starting position itself which reduce the
need of any more photo resistors.
 Though the prototype has limitations in hardware areas as an initial set up, still it
provides an opportunity for improvement of the design methodology in future.
11

12. THANK YOU
12