005428052.pdf

3. Objectives • Describe the differences between servlets and other Web application technologies • Explain the difference between the GET and POST methods of making an HTTP request • Create a simple servlet using GET • Create a simple servlet using POST • Define a simple deployment descriptor

4. Introduction to Web Applications • Web application technologies – Common Gateway Interface (CGI) – Server extensions – Server-side scripting – JavaServer Pages – Java servlets

5. Hypertext Transfer Protocol • The GET method • The POST method • Additional methods

6. Writing a Simple Servlet javax.servlet.Servlet GenericServlet HttpServlet

7. Responding to Form Data • FormServlet • getParameter method • Using the POST method

8. Deployment Descriptors • XML files conforming to Sun Microsystems DTD – Describes servlets contained within a Web application

9. Summary  Describe the differences between servlets and other Web application technologies  Explain the difference between the GET and POST methods of making an HTTP request  Create a simple servlet using GET  Create a simple servlet using POST  Define a simple deployment descriptor

11. Objectives • Describe the servlet life cycle • Create init and destroy methods • Retrieve servlet initialization parameters • Use the SingleThreadModel interface • Retrieve CGI environment variables • Retrieve and use the ServletContext object • Use temporary files

12. The Multithreaded Model • Servlets typically operate in a multithreaded environment – The Web server usually instantiates only one instance of a servlet to serve all clients • Deployment descriptors and the multithreaded model

13. The Single Thread Model • The Web server guarantees that no two threads will ever operate concurrently on the same servlet instance • To designate servlets to use the single thread model, implement the following interface: – javax.servlet.SingleThreadModel

14. The init and destroy Methods • The init method – Initialization parameters and the deployment descriptor • The destroy method

15. CGI Environment Variables • AUTH_TYPE • CONTENT_LENGTH • CONTENT_TYPE • HTTP_ACCEPT • HTTP_REFERER • HTTP_USER_AGENT • PATH_INFO • PATH_TRANSLATED • QUERY_STRING • REMOTE_ADDR • REMOTE_HOST • REMOTE_USER • REQUEST_METHOD • SCRIPT_NAME • SERVER_NAME • SERVER_PROTOCOL • SERVER_PORT

16. The ServletContext • Methods for obtaining server information • Using temporary files

17. Summary  Describe the servlet life cycle  Create init and destroy methods  Retrieve servlet initialization parameters  Use the SingleThreadModel interface  Retrieve CGI environment variables  Retrieve and use the ServletContext object  Use temporary files

19. Objectives • Use client-side caching • Use client pull to update a client • Redirect the client to another URL • Use persistent connections • Use response status codes • Return a file to a client • Dynamically generate images

20. Controlling the Client • Using client-side caching • Using client pull • Redirecting the client

21. Persistent Connections public class PersistentConnection extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { resp.setBufferSize(32 * 1024); resp.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter(); // Generate a response } }

22. Status Codes • Status code constants • sendError method used to set status code

23. Multimedia Content • Returning a file • Dynamically generating images

24. Summary  Use client-side caching  Use client pull to update a client  Redirect the client to another URL  Use persistent connections  Use response status codes  Return a file to a client  Dynamically generate images

26. Objectives • Track a session using hidden form fields • Track a session using URL rewriting • Track a session using cookies

27. Hidden Form Fields <INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN" NAME="SID" VALUE="1234567890"> Hidden form field named "SID" with an assigned value of "1234567890"

28. URL Rewriting • Servlets can build URLS that add information in the form of additional path information

29. Cookies • Small pieces of information transmitted from a Web server to a Web browser • Represented in Java using the Cookie class

30. Summary  Track a session using hidden form fields  Track a session using URL rewriting  Track a session using cookies

32. Objectives • Authenticate a user using HTTP-based authentication • Authenticate a user using a form • Use Secure Sockets Layer to improve security

33. HTTP-Based Authentication • Users • The deployment descriptor • Servlets and authentication

34. Form Authentication • Requires modification of the deployment descriptor – The login-config element must be modified to indicate that form authentication is to be used and to provide the URL for a login page and login error page

35. Summary  Authenticate a user using HTTP-based authentication  Authenticate a user using a form  Use Secure Sockets Layer to improve security

37. Objectives • Share data with another servlet • Handle a single request using multiple servlets

38. Sharing Data • Data-sharing methods of the ServletContext interface • Sharing data with another ServletContext

39. Dispatching to Another Servlet • The forward method • The include method

40. Summary  Share data with another servlet  Handle a single request using multiple servlets

42. Objectives • Use JNDI to look up EJBs, resource factories and environment entries • Write servlets for use in a distributed environment • Use JavaMail to send e-mail

43. Java Servlets and JNDI • Referencing EJBs • Referencing resource factories • Referencing environment entries

44. Clustering and Java Servlets • Clustering styles • Developing distributable servlets

45. JavaMail • Add-on API that creates a full-fledged POP/iMAP client – Session class – getDefaultInstance static method

46. Summary  Use JNDI to look up EJBs, resource factories and environment entries  Write servlets for use in a distributed environment  Use JavaMail to send e-mail

48. Objectives • Use the Unicode escape sequence to specify special Latin characters • Use alternative character sets to generate a non-Latin character response

49. The Latin Character Set • Non-English Latin characters • Languages and language codes

50. Non-Latin Character Sets • Arabic • Chinese • Japanese • Korean • Russian

51. Summary  Use the Unicode escape sequence to specify special Latin characters  Use alternative character sets to generate a non-Latin character response

52. Java Servlets  Introduction to Java Servlets  The Servlet Life Cycle  Responding to a Request  Servlet Sessions  Authentication and Security  Inter-Servlet Communication  Building Enterprise Web Applications  Internationalization

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