science

1. Volcanoes

2. The word
volcano is derived
from the name of
Vulcano island
off Sicily which
in turn was named
after Vulcan, the
Roman God of
fire.

3. What is a Volcano?
A volcano is a vent or
'chimney' that connects
molten rock (magma) from
within the Earth’s crust to the
Earth's surface.
The volcano includes the
surrounding cone of erupted
material.

4. Parts of a
Volcano

5. VENTS
• Vents are openings
where the lava flows.
• In the picture to the
left, the vent is the
area where lava is
erupting from the
volcano.

6. CRATERS
• A crater is a bowl shaped
indent where the vent is
located.
• The picture below shows the
crater of a dormant volcano.

7. MAGMA
CHAMBER
• The magma
chamber is the place
the magma is stored
before a volcano
erupts

8. FLANK
• A flank is the
side of a
volcano.
• Flank can
also be used
to describe
the side of a
mountain.

9. SUMMIT
•The
summit of
a volcano
is the
highest
point of

10. ASH CLOUD
• The ash cloud is a
cloud that is
formed from ash
and appears at the
top of the volcano.
• The ash is created
from powdered
rock and lava.

11. LAVA/MAGMA
• Lava is magma
that has
reached the
Earth’s surface.
• Magma is the
molten form of
rock, stored
deep beneath
the Earth’s
surface.

12. CONDUIT
• A conduit is a
pipe that
magma travels
through to
reach the
Earth’s
surface.
• The conduit
ends at the

13. • A quiet eruption moves
slowly because it is low
in silica and flows very
easily.
• An explosive eruption
has magma that is high
in silica and does not
flow easily. Magma
builds up until it
explodes out of the
vent.

14. Benefits from Volcanoes
• Volcanic soil is rich in nutrients and very
fertile for growing crops. This is a result of
the minerals contained within volcanic ash
settles on surrounding areas.
• They can form new land masses and islands.
• Volcanoes provide geothermal energy which
besides being great for spas and recreation.