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Department of Electrical Engineering
SMART GRID : A State of Art
Submitted by-: JITENDRA KAPOOR Submitted to-: Mr. Akash Talwariya

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Contents
• Introduction
• What is smart grid ?
• Why smart grid and over Traditional grid
• History and Literature review
• Features
• Smart meter
• Advantages and Disadvantage
• Security
• Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION
In INDIA electricity Demand –
260000 MW
PRODUCTION- 233880 MW
Installed Capacity- 326833 MW
DEFICIT-10.5%
(Acc. To CEA Report 2017)

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What is Smart Grid ?
Power industry is integrating the electrical
distribution system with communication
networks to form a two directional power
and information flow infrastructure, which is
called a smart grid.

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Why Smart Grid ?
• Improve Distribution and Generation Management
• Automated control
• Sensing and measurement technologies
• Increased efficiency
• Reduce carbon foot-prints
• Better power quality

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Traditional grid Smart Grid
1. Electromechanical Digital
2. One way communication Two way communication
3. Centralized distribution Distributed distribution
4. Manual monitoring Self monitoring
5. Failure and Blackout Adaptive and islanding
6. Limited control Pervasive control

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Literature review of Smart Grid
• The literature review consists majority two parts the first important concepts of a
smart grid and the second consists recent research on smart grid technique.
RECENT RESEARCH ON SMART GRID-
• 1. Real-time Energy Control Approach for Smart Home Energy Management
System- In 2013 Zhou, Wu, Li, and Zhang from University of Birmingham, UK, report
on a home in which the appliances include an electric water heater (EWH), air
conditioner (AC), clothes dryer(CD), EV, PV cells, critical loads (CLs), and a battery
system.The authors propose a DR mechanism to allow households to participate in
DR services.
• 2. Energy Management and Control of Electric Vehicle Charging
Stations- In 2014 Li, Bao, Fu, and Zheng from University of Alabama

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USA study energy management and control aspects of an EV charging station, which
consists of an AC/DC converter to interface with the grid and a number of DC/DC
converters that control EV charging/discharging.
3. A Dual-loop Model Predictive Voltage Control-mode Current Control for
Voltage Source Inverter Operation in Smart Micro grids- In 2014 Abo-Al-Ez,
Elaiw, and Xia from Mansoura University, Egypt; University of Pretoria, South Africa;
and King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia, respectively, propose a dual-loop
controller for voltage frequency control of the voltage source inverter (VSI) in islanded
microgrid.

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• 4.A Joint Smart Generation Scheduling Approach for Wind Thermal
Pumped Storage Systems- In 2015 Yuan, Zhou, Zhang, and Li from North China
Electric Power University, China; and University of Birmingham, UK, respectively,
propose a two-stage generation scheduling approach for minimizing operating costs
of an electric power system with mixed wind power, pumped storage, and thermal
power resources.
• 5. The Smart Grid State-of-the-art and Future Trends –In 2016 Prof. Dr.
Mohamed E. El-Hawary Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia Canada .In it
presentation introduces Smart Grid and associated technical, environmental and
socio-economic, and other non-tangible benefits to society, and articulates the need
for the concept and the fact that it is a dynamic interactive, real-time infrastructure
that responds to the challenges of designing and building the power system of the
future, rather than being simply a marketing term.

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Features of Smart Grid
• 1.Reliability
• 2. Efficiency
• 3. Sustainability
• 4. Flexibility in network
• 5. Accommodating

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SMART METER
• Smart meter measuring the electricity and remotely control
supply and cutoff when a necessary it was called automated
meter reading(AMR).AMR is a one way communication and
upgrade into two way communication AMI technology.
• Smart meter will provide data to utilities and customers
on who’s using what and when
• Smart meter can help prevent blackout by allowing utility
companies to temporarily shut off “smart appliances”
within a household

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What makes meter smart
• Solid state
• Two-way Communication
• Visual display
• Electronics under glass
• Protective
• Time of use
• Load control

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Security of Smart Grid
• In it also involve cyber security to protect smart grid from risk and challenges. In
network the security objective to protect data by ensuring- 1. Data integrity
2.Data availability 3.data availability
• Smart Grid security is separated in major five categories-
1.Process control system
2.Smart meter security
3. Power system state estimation security
4. Smart grid communication Protocol security
5.Smart grid simulation for security analysis.