DirectX Game Programming Introduction

1. Beginning Direct3D Game Programming:
Window Game Programming
Foundation
jintaeks@gmail.com
Division of Digital Contents, DongSeo University.
November 2016

2. Contents at a Glance
Chapter 1 The History of Direct3D/DirectX Graphics
Chapter 2 Overview of HAL and COM
Chapter 3 Programming Conventions
Chapter 4 3D Fundamentals, Gouraud Shading,
and Texture-Mapping Basics
Chapter 5 The Basics
- Setup Environment, DirectX Basics
Chapter 6 First Steps to Animation
Chapter 7 Texture-Mapping Fundamentals
Chapter 8 Using Multiple Textures
Chapter 9 Shader Programming with the High-Level Shader Language
Chapter 10 More Advanced Shader Effects
Chapter 11 Working with Files
Chapter 12 Using Mesh Files
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3. Window Game Programming
Foundation
 A game programmer mainly needs to know three topics for
Windows programming:
• How to create a window
• How to use the window message procedure
• How to use resources (icons, menus, shortcuts, and so on) with
the help of Visual C/C++
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4. How Windows Interacts with Your Game
 A Windows-based game has to wait until it is sent a message
by Windows.
 This message is passed to your program through a special
function called by Windows.
 Once a message is received, your program is expected to take
an appropriate action.
 Messages arrive randomly, so every Windows game has to
check for new messages constantly.
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5. The Components of a Window
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6. A Window Skeleton
 Develop a Windows application that provides the necessary
features common to all Windows applications.
 This Windows program will contain two functions:
• WinMain()
• A window procedure such as WndProc()
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7. WinMain() function
 1. Define a window class.
 2. Register that class with Windows.
 3. Create a window of that class.
 4. Display the window.
 5. Begin running the message loop.
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8. Demo: Create a Skeleton Windows Application
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9. Step 5: Create the Message Loop
BOOL bGotMsg;
MSG msg;
While(WM_QUIT != msg.message)
{
if (m_bActive)
bGotMsg = PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE);
else
bGotMsg = GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0U, 0U);
...
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10. Install DirectX Sdk June 2008
 Extract ‘DxSdk_Jun2008.rar’ and install DirectX9 Sdk.
 Set destination folder as ‘C:/DxSdk9_200806/’
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11. Additional include directories:
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12. Additional library directories:
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13. DxSdk: Tutorials/Tut01_CreateDevice
#include <d3d9.h>
#pragma warning( disable : 4996 ) // disable deprecated warning
#include <strsafe.h>
#pragma warning( default : 4996 )
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Global variables
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LPDIRECT3D9 g_pD3D = NULL; // Used to create the D3DDevice
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_pd3dDevice = NULL; // Our rendering device
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14. HRESULT InitD3D( HWND hWnd )
{
// Create the D3D object, which is needed to create the D3DDevice.
if( NULL == ( g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9( D3D_SDK_VERSION ) ) )
return E_FAIL;
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
ZeroMemory( &d3dpp, sizeof( d3dpp ) );
d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
if( FAILED( g_pD3D->CreateDevice( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd,
D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
&d3dpp, &g_pd3dDevice ) ) )
{
return E_FAIL;
}
// Device state would normally be set here
return S_OK;
}
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15. VOID Cleanup()
{
if( g_pd3dDevice != NULL )
g_pd3dDevice->Release();
if( g_pD3D != NULL )
g_pD3D->Release();
}
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16. VOID Render()
{
if( NULL == g_pd3dDevice )
return;
// Clear the backbuffer to a blue color
g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB( 0, 0, 255 ), 1.0f, 0 );
// Begin the scene
if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
{
// Rendering of scene objects can happen here
// End the scene
g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
}
// Present the backbuffer contents to the display
g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}
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17. LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
switch( msg )
{
case WM_DESTROY:
Cleanup();
PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
case WM_PAINT:
Render();
ValidateRect( hWnd, NULL );
return 0;
}
return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam );
}
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18. INT WINAPI wWinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE, LPWSTR, INT )
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER( hInst );
// Register the window class
WNDCLASSEX wc =
{
sizeof( WNDCLASSEX ), CS_CLASSDC, MsgProc, 0L, 0L,
GetModuleHandle( NULL ), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
L"D3D Tutorial", NULL
};
RegisterClassEx( &wc );
// Create the application's window
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow( L"D3D Tutorial", L"D3D Tutorial 01: CreateDevice",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300,
NULL, NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL );
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19. INT WINAPI wWinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE, LPWSTR, INT )
{
…
// Initialize Direct3D
if( SUCCEEDED( InitD3D( hWnd ) ) )
{
// Show the window
ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT );
UpdateWindow( hWnd );
// Enter the message loop
MSG msg;
while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) )
{
TranslateMessage( &msg );
DispatchMessage( &msg );
}
}
UnregisterClass( L"D3D Tutorial", wc.hInstance );
return 0;
}19

20. Window Resources
 Resource Files  *.rc(resource script) file
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21.  Resource View
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22. Practice: Change clear color
 Add a feature:
– Terminate the program when 'Esc' is pressed.
– Modify the message loop with PeekMessage() and call Render() in
message loop.
– Modify the Render() function that the Clear color changes from (0,0,0)
to (0,0,255) exactly in 1 second.
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23. Practice: Draw a line
struct D3DTLVERTEX
{
float x, y, z, rhw;
DWORD color;
};
void DrawLine(IDirect3DDevice9* m_pD3Ddev, float X, float Y, float X2, float Y2, float Width, D3DCOLOR
Color)
{
D3DTLVERTEX qV[2] = {
{ (float)X, (float)Y, 0.0f, 1.0f, Color },
{ (float)X2, (float)Y2, 0.0f, 1.0f, Color },
};
const DWORD D3DFVF_TL = D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE | D3DFVF_TEX1;
m_pD3Ddev->SetFVF(D3DFVF_TL);
m_pD3Ddev->SetTexture(0, NULL);
m_pD3Ddev->DrawPrimitiveUP(D3DPT_LINELIST, 1, qV, sizeof(D3DTLVERTEX));
}
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24. References
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