The document outlines the steps to contribute to the Apache Airflow project: 1. Fork the Apache Airflow repository and configure your development environment. 2. Connect with the Apache Airflow community by joining communication channels like Slack and mailing lists. 3. Prepare a pull request with your code changes by following the pull request guidelines and rebasing regularly. 4. Engage in peer review by pinging reviewers on Slack and addressing any comments to get your pull request merged.