7. Memory
Retrieval
Information Short-term Long-term
Sensory Encoding
from the (working) memory
memory Storage
environment memory Encoding
Storage
Forgetting Forgetting
@JanSru
8. The truth about short-term memory
People can hold
7 +/- 2
things in short-term memory
@JanSru
9. Short-term memory capacity
4 +/- 1
chunks of information at once
Phone numbers remembered as:
0776-136-2093
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10. Short-term memory
Implications for design:
STM is rather limited
Relevance for design
1) When people have to remember stuff
2) When problem-solving
@JanSru
29. System Model
Interaction Design Layer
User’s Mental Model
Concept Concept
Concept
Concept Concept
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30. Learning
Implications for design:
Support building a good mental model:
1) Starting point that orients people
2) Continuously encouraged exploration
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31. Learning research from 1984, with 2 groups:
• First group learnt procedures by rote,
• Second group was shown a model of the system before learning procedures
Ref: Kieras & Bovair, (1984) The role of a mental model in learning to operate a device @JanSru
32. Results:
Group that saw the concept model performed much better
Ref: Kieras & Bovair, (1984) The role of a mental model in learning to operate a device @JanSru
34. Continuously encouraged exploration
Prevent errors & facilitate recovery
Make things consistent & predictable
Provide clear feedback for all actions
Adapted from Jakob Nielsen’s good old list
“Ten Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design“
@JanSru
41. Attention
Implications for design:
Let people focus on their tasks,
not on distraction presentation
@JanSru
Image: www.flickr.com/photos/frankenstoen/2747513279/