(1) OASIS is the largest standards organization for electronic commerce, with over 5,000 participants from 600 organizations developing global standards through 70 technical committees. (2) The document discusses problems with patents, including vague claims, competing policy goals, and uncertainty around validity. It notes standards aim to have fair, open processes to be safe from regulation. (3) Standards organizations have rules for patents disclosed in standards, including preferring broad licenses, committing to license terms, sharing licenses, and resolving conflicts. However, the rules and their clarity vary between organizations.

1. Standards &
Intellectual Property
开放数据标准，
知识产权法
Jamie Clark, General Counsel ( 首席律师 ), OASIS
Beijing, October 2011
主机和组织者

2. "OASIS 是最大 5000 多名与会专家，
从 600 家公司，政府和个人。
的开放标准的电
子商贸集团。 " 超过 70 个技术委员会，制定
全球标准。
Over 5,000 participants representing
more than 600 organizations and
"The largest individuals, since 1993.
standards group 70+ technical committees producing
for electronic royalty-free
commerce on the and RAND standards.
Web"
http://www.oasis-open.org/

3. OASIS interoperates with the world
标准合作和全球协调是一流的 OASIS 优先

ISO, IEC, ITU, UN-ECE MoU for E-Business
 ISO/IEC JTC1 SC34, SC38; ISO TCs 154, 215, ITU-T SG 17

OECD, SWIFT, UPU, World Bank, Asia PKI, Changfeng (Beijing), CESI, EA-ECA,
Korean NIA, CEN/ISSS, Euro ICTSB, ETSI, PSLX, SIENA, Standards-AU

ABA, ACORD, AIAG, CalConnect, CSCC, HL7, MBAA, NAESB, LRC,
InfoCard/OpenID, Kantara/Liberty, OAGi, ODCA, OGC, OMA, OMG,
RosettaNet/GS1/UCC, W3C
http://www.oasis-open.org/liaisons

4. OASIS Global Work on
Software Standards in China
中国软件标准的 OASIS 工作
 Primeton, Sursen, Founders, RedOffice
 ISO/IEC DIS 14297 (UOML)
 JTC1 SC38 & CESI
 SmartGrid and SOA conferences
中 是 方 准 祖
国 官 标 的 居

5. OASIS interoperates with the world
标准合作和全球协调是一流的 OASIS 优先
专家创建标准。
OASIS 是一个裁判，
不是足球运动员。
Member experts
develop and approve
our standards.
OASIS staff is merely
the referee.

6. Problems with Patents: 1
Fences are easy to understand. 栅栏容易理解。

7. 你的权利要求 Your claim 我的权利要求 My claim
Fences are easy to understand. 栅栏容易理解。

8. 你的权利要求 Your claim 我的权利要求 My claim
Fences are easy to understand. 栅栏容易理解。

9. 你的马
your horse
我的马
my horse
你的权利要求 Your claim 我的权利要求 My claim
Fences are easy to understand. 栅栏容易理解。

10. Patent claims, not so easy.
专利权利要求往往是含糊和困难。

11. 我的权利要求
My claim
你的权利要求
Your claim
Patent claims, not so easy.
专利权利要求往往是含糊和困难。

12. 我的发明
你的发明
我的权利要求
My claim
你的权利要求
Your claim
Patent claims, not so easy.
专利权利要求往往是含糊和困难。

13. ?
我的发明
你的发明
我的权利要求
My claim
你的权利要求
Your claim
Patent claims, not so easy.
专利权利要求往往是含糊和困难。

14. Problems with Patents: 2
Patents are just one part of a larger government plan
for marketplace regulation: conflicting goals
 Trade between nations
 Competition between industrial companies
 Fairness and safety
专利法是只有一个原则 , 政府调控市场
的目标具有多重性。
 国与国之间的贸易
 之间的竞争实业公司
 安全性和公平性

15. Problems with Patents: 3
Patent filings are not carefully tested.
1. File, have small review
2. Wait for a lawsuit
3. Test the validity with a big review
专利申请并不总是认真测试。
1. 文件，有一个弱的审查
2. 等待诉讼
3. 试的有效性，有一个严重的审查
?

16. Patent filings may not be carefully
tested when filed.
专利申请并不总是认真测试。
U. S. Patent No. 5,443,036 (1993):
"Method of exercising a cat"
?

17. Some improvements to testing of validity,
in US patent laws:
 2011 changes in law
 More re-examination of applications
 But other mixed changes
?
些改进过程：
 2011 种变化的专利法
 申请的审查 , 其他人多可能反对它
 但其他混合的变化

18. Is a patent enforceable? All the legal
uncertainty creates economic uncertainty.
这专利真正有效的？
法律的不确定性导致经济不确定性。
?

19. Is a patent enforceable? All the legal
uncertainty creates economic uncertainty.
这专利真正有效的？
法律的不确定性导致经济不确定性。
?

20. Is a patent enforceable? All the legal
uncertainty creates economic uncertainty.
这专利真正有效的？
法律的不确定性导致经济不确定性。
?

21. “Patent pooling” agreements are a
consensus alternative to battles.
“ 专利池”的合同是个可能的
替代律师战斗。

22. “Patent pools”: But we may never
know if the patents are valid.
“ 专利池”，但我们可能永远
不会了解如果专利是有效的。
? ? ?

23. “Patent pools”: And it is not always
clear if everyone is included.
“ 专利池”，这并不总是很明确。
? ? ?

24. Start with the basics
首先我们谈的很简单的原则
专利问题 The problems with patents
 专利权利要求往往是含糊和困难
Claims may be vague
 许多相互竞争的规则
Competing regulations & goals
 专利的有效性往往是未知的
Patent validity may be vague

25. Start with the basics
首先我们谈的很简单的原则
专利问题 The problems with patents
放标准规则管理的专利
How standards fit into patent practices

26. Standards & Patents
放标准规则管理的专利
Standards are voluntary.
If companies choose to contribute to standards,
they usually are safe from competition laws, if
they are working in open standards.
标准是自愿的。标准工作安全，如果标准委
员会是公开和公平。

27. Standards & Patents
放标准规则管理的专利
Safe from regulation if they are fair and do not
mislead others (commit fraud).
安全从监管的问题，如果专家是真实和
公平的。
In the US “Rambus” cases, a company proved in
court that it obeyed rules for reporting its patents:
but still was charged by the government later for
unfair activity.

28. Standards & Patents
放标准规则管理的专利
Open standards = rules and practices are fair, host is
reliable and neutral.
开放的手段，标准规则和做法是公平的，主机是可靠
和中立。
 WTO 技术壁垒贸易条约 (Technical Barriers to Trade)
 ISO/IEC JTC1 “PAS”

US OMB Circular A-119
 盟委员会 2011 年标准的立法 (European
Commission 2011 standards legislation)

29. Standards & Patents
放标准规则管理的专利
Each open standards host organizations has rules about
patents: 每个标准主机组织的规则
 Disclose patents ( 披露专利 )
 Prefer broad licenses ( 喜欢广泛许可证 )
 Commit to licenses ( 承诺牌照的 )
 Share or pool licenses ( 股份或池牌照 )
 Resolve conflicts ( 解决冲突 )

30. Standards Rules for Patents
专利标准规则
Disclosure
披露专利
Volunteer experts must report what
喜欢广泛许可证 patents may affect implementations of
the final standard.
承诺牌照的
Some reporting rules are more clear than
股份或池牌照 others.
解决冲突
ISO/IEC/ITU, OASIS, IETF

31. Standards Rules for Patents
专利标准规则
Prefer broad licenses
披露专利 Some rules encourage, or require,
royalty-free licenses from volunteer
喜欢广泛许可证 experts
承诺牌照的 Most rules require “RAND” terms, but
that requirement is not clearly defined
股份或池牌照
解决冲突 ISO/IEC/ITU, IETF (only encourages)
OASIS (can require)

32. Standards Rules for Patents
专利标准规则
Commit to licenses
披露专利 Most rules do not impose specific
喜欢广泛许可证 license terms on patents from volunteer
experts
承诺牌照的 Some do not require any commitment or
股份或池牌照 report about licenses offered. (IETF)
Some do impose specific license terms
解决冲突 on volunteer experts (OASIS).
http://www.oasis-open.org/cn/who/intellectualproperty.htm

33. Standards Rules for Patents
专利标准规则
Share or pool licenses
披露专利 Some rules provide rights to any user.
喜欢广泛许可证 Some only license to other volunteer
experts.
承诺牌照的
Some also have special licenses for
股份或池牌照 testing unfinished work.
解决冲突 Many have “reciprocity” terms.

34. Patents in software
软件专利

35. Patents in software 软件专利
? Software is still a new field.
Patent laws really were
我的权要求
designed more for mechanical
and medical inventions.
你的权利要求 US did not accept software
or business process for
patents: but the court
changed its mind in 1998.
软件是新的。专利不处理好。
1998 年后， US 允许软件专利。

36. Patents in software 软件专利
Government and citizens
? have special concerns
about open data and
我的权要求
Internet use.
Buyers (RFPs) are more
你的权利要求
demanding.
Open source software use
affects license needs.
政府和公民有特殊需要的，开放的数据。
软件购买者可能会要求标准。
开源软件的影响许可证的需要。

37. Patents in software 软件专利
? Average cost of litigation:
诉讼的平均费用：
我的权要求
USD 3-12 million
RMB 19-76 000 000
你的权利要求
Many are much bigger:
许多更大：
SCO Group vs. IBM
Oracle vs. Google

38. 謝謝!
Standards & Intellectual Property 2011
开放数据标准，知识产权法 2011
Yan (Allison) Shi http://www.oasis-open.org/cn/flash1.htm
OASIS China Representative
代表人 OASIS
allison.shi@oasis-open.org
Jamie Clark,
General Counsel 首席律师
Beijing, October 2011
jamie.clark@oasis-open.org
http://weibo.com/jamiexml