1.  NIMAFEST TIONCFUN
 MANIFEST FUNCTION
 TALENT TIONCFUN
 LATENT FUNCTION
 TURALSTRUC
 STRUCTURAL
 CIALSO TIONFUNC
 SOCIAL FUNCTION
 STRUCMICROTURES
 MICROSTRUCTURES
Instruction: assembled the scrambled letter to form a word.

2. Structural functionalism
 Is essentially a sociological theory that revolves around the notion that a society is
composed of a system of interconnected parts that have their own particular
functions.
 Social structures formed among groups or institutions are referred to as
macrostructures, which include religion, education, tradition, and culture .on the
other hand, social structures established among individuals or within groups that
result in individual interactions are called microstructure.
 The effect of the social structures or their purpose are called social functions.
Every social structure has a corresponding social function.This relationship
between social structures and social functions are the parts of the systems which
structural functionalism identifies.

3.  MANIFEST FUNCTION – is the predicted,intended,expected,and knowable
effect of a social structure.An example of which is when people go to
church, in order to pray and to hear mass.
 LATENT FUNCTION- is the unintended outcome of social structure.so, if the
manifest function of going to church is to pray and hear mass, it’s latent
function is to gather people together in one place to reinforce the sense
of community.
Key concepts in structural functionalism

4. MANIFEST and LATENT Dysfunctions
 A manifest dysfunction- is the predicted, expected,and knowable disruptions of a social
structure.For example, a large gathering of people such as concerts and other events disrupts
traffic flow within the vicinity of the event,even though it was not intended to do so.
 A latent dysfunction -is the unpredicted and expected disruptions of a social media.For
example, there are costumers who usually take pictures of food in social media.But since this
costumers are not the only one goes doing it, the average time spent by costumers will have an
increase.the latent dysfunction in this example is that the next costumers will have an increased
waiting period.

5.  Manifest and latent dysfunction bring about negative effect or outcomes.
 For the sociologist; studying manifest and latent functions is a way to promote the benefits
of such functions and further develop social structures.But because manifest and latent
dysfunctions are contrary to the idea of systems in society, sociologist focus more on the
dysfunction to promote social stability and solidarity.Understanding manifest and latent
dysfunction help sociologists assess risk and prepare accordingly. Such assessments and
preparations can be in different fields and can be useful in various fields and professions.

6. IMPORTANT THEORISTS
 August Comte
~Augost Comte provided an analysis of social evolution through his law of
Three stages.Comte provided a theory of society and man’s cognitive
progression from religious and abstract concepts to a scientific
perspective.comtes ideas are considered as the precursor to structural
functionalism. as he identified tradition and other social structures as elements
in shaping society .the Law of Three Stages itself is a critique of the social
structures and of how humans were shaped by progressive thinking.

7. Herbert Spencer
 Herbert Spencer is known a as the first sociological functionalist.His
comparison of society to the human body is the overarching idea
of structural functionalism.According to Spencer, each social
structure is like a body part – it has a purpose and a function I the
overall well- being of the society. He also compared the way
organism evolved to how it handles constant problems.

8. Talcott parsons
 Talcott parsons was an American sociologist known as one of the primary contributors to the
development of structural functionalism.parsons identified the different system which make up
the structure functionalism.parsons I dentified the different systems which make up society, which
he called systems levels .The system he expanded on were the following : the cultural system,
social system, personality system and biological system. All of these system work and interact with
each other in some level to provide structure to the society.
 The cultural system- is the structure that the society generated throughout history so that the
people can socialize and live together as a community. The social system is understood as the
roles people have in society. The personality system refers to how individuals affect society
through their , personalities, attitudes, behaviors, beliefs and other characteristics. Lastly,
 the behavioral or biological system – is the physical body of the individual and the environment
where he or she lives in.

9. Davis and Moore
 Kingsley Davis( 1908-1997)and Wilbert Moore(1914-1987)were American
sociologist known for the functionalist theory of stratification or Davis- Moore
hypothesis.their hypothesis suggest that social inequalities are necessary so
that society benefits from them- from the poor,the middle class and the rich.
To arrive at such a hypothesis, Davis and Moore explored the dynamics of
hierarchical structure such as corporations, governments, and the military,
whose structural organizations reflect that of a pyramid ----the head
(decision- maker and highest paid) is at the top, managers and supervisors(
both reciever and provider of commands and receive a medium pay) at
the middle and the workers ( receiver of commands and lowest paid) at the
base.

10.  In order for the organization structure to function properly, the positions in
this hierarchal structure are accompanied by necessary qualifications
and experiences so that competent individuals would fill the positions.Any
deviation from these qualifications would undermine the entire
organization.thus, individuals with higher education, skill, experience and
training are placed on top of those who are less qualified.since those at
the top enjoy higher social status and higher salaries, those at the bottom
are the motivated the acquire the necessary qualifications to eventually
be placed as well Hence , individuals who understand stratification would
invest their time to further their education and hone their skills while
getting experience In such, a case, inequality functions and dysfunctions.

11. Robert Merton
 Robert Merton was an American sociologist who is also a key contributor to
the functionalist theory of society. He was the one who developed the
concepts of manifest and latent functions and dysfunctions.
 A student of parsons in Harvard University,Merton saw his monitors functionalist
perspective as being too theoretical and overarching.so, he aimed to
developed a theory, which he called middle range theory.athis allows some
level of experimentation to ground theories more to reality.

12.  In order to do this, he said that a middle range theory should have limited
assumptions and hypothesis, which would allow for some testing.It should
also have limited range data to research and interpret.This was how he
came up with the different descriptions of functions Additionally, Merton
focused on dysfunction as it opposes the idea of functional unity, which
presupposes that everything works optimally all the time and that
distortions exist in society.Because dysfunction is dependent upon who is
asked, it is called valued term.for example, a vehicular accident is seen as
a dysfunction,but can also be an opportunity for a tow truck driver or
junkyard dealer to gain profit

13. Almond and Powell
 Gabriel Almond and Bingham Powell are American political scientists who
applied structural functionalist theories in comparative politics.Before the
theory of structural functionalism was introduced in political science, states
were studied in a manner that they had the same system upon which they
operated on and were subject to the same laws and production
process.Almond and Powell, however, argued that the study of political
systems of different states must be done contextually .They highlighted the
need to understand the institutions through which political systems were
allowed to function.

14.  Finally, the particular function and the historical context which developed and
established this institution must also be taken into account in conducting
readership.Aside from studying the interrelationships of the function of institutions
in a political system, Almond and Powell also recognized the function of the
political system as…. Political socialization,recruitment, and communication.
 Political socialization- is the means by which proper civic conduct, duties and
good citizenship are promoted and societal values and beliefs are passed on the
younger generation.
 Recruitment- is the way by which political systems attract the interest of the public
through participation in debates and other engagements.
 Communication- is the means by which society learns about the issues and affairs
of the state.

15. Post test: identification
write your answer in a ¼ sheet of paper.
1. Is essentially a sociological theory that revolves around the notion
that a society is composed of a system of interconnected parts
that have their own particular functions.
2. The predicted, intended, expected, and knowable effect of a
social structure.
3. The unintended outcome of social structure.
4. An American sociologist known as one of the primary contributors
to the development of structural functionalism
5. Known as the first sociological functionalist.

16. 6. Provided an analysis of social evolution through his law of three stages.
7. An American sociologist who is a key contributor to the functionalist theory
of society.
8. Is the means by which proper civic conduct, duties and good citizenship
are promoted and societal values and beliefs are passed on the younger
generation.
9. Is the way by which political systems attract the interest of the public
through participation in debates and other engagements.
10. Is the means by which society learns about the issues and affairs of the
state

17. Thank you for your
cooperation❤.