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Vegetatia , fauna , resurse naturale
Aproximativ o treime din suprafaţa ţării este acoperită de păduri. În zonele mai joase predomină foioasele – stejarii, fagii şi teii
sunt speciile predominante. La altitudini mai mari cresc coniferele, speciile predominante fiind pinii şi molizii. Pentru a răspunde
cererii permanente de lemn, la sfârşitul Evului Mediu au fost defrişate mari suprafeţe de pădure, iar acum pericolul deşertificării
este combătut prin programe ample de reîmpădurire. O mare importanţă a fost acordată plantării unor păduri mixte pentru a
preveni epuizarea solului prin monocultură. Datorită climei specifice, în sud este răspândită o vegetaţie de tip mediteraneean, în
care predomină o formaţiune vegetală (maquisul) formată din tufărişuri, arbuşti spinoşi şi măslini. Pădurile de luncă dese, formate
din plopi, sălcii, ulmi şi frasini, se găsesc în unele părţi de pe malurile Dunării, iar în unele zone umede din câmpii cresc stuf şi
plante de mlaştină.
Munţii Bulgariei sunt habitatul unor specii rare sau pe cale de dispariţie. Lupii, urşii şi cerbii
constituie elementele faunistice importante ale ţării. De asemenea multe specii de păsări rare,
cuibăresc sau sunt sedentare în parcurile naţionale ale Bulgariei. Aproximativ 13.000 de specii
de nevertebrate şi vertebrate se regăsesc în Bulgaria şi reprezintă 14% din toate speciile
înregistrate în Europa.
Bulgaria este relativ săracă atât în cantitate, cât și în calitate de
resurse naturale. Această situație a fost un factor important în
planificarea economiei naționale și a comerțului exterior.
Principalele resurse minerale indigene sunt cărbune, cuprul,
plumbul, zincul și minerale de fier.

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Vegetatia , fauna , resurse naturale

  • 2. Aproximativ o treime din suprafaţa ţării este acoperită de păduri. În zonele mai joase predomină foioasele – stejarii, fagii şi teii sunt speciile predominante. La altitudini mai mari cresc coniferele, speciile predominante fiind pinii şi molizii. Pentru a răspunde cererii permanente de lemn, la sfârşitul Evului Mediu au fost defrişate mari suprafeţe de pădure, iar acum pericolul deşertificării este combătut prin programe ample de reîmpădurire. O mare importanţă a fost acordată plantării unor păduri mixte pentru a preveni epuizarea solului prin monocultură. Datorită climei specifice, în sud este răspândită o vegetaţie de tip mediteraneean, în care predomină o formaţiune vegetală (maquisul) formată din tufărişuri, arbuşti spinoşi şi măslini. Pădurile de luncă dese, formate din plopi, sălcii, ulmi şi frasini, se găsesc în unele părţi de pe malurile Dunării, iar în unele zone umede din câmpii cresc stuf şi plante de mlaştină.
  • 3. Munţii Bulgariei sunt habitatul unor specii rare sau pe cale de dispariţie. Lupii, urşii şi cerbii constituie elementele faunistice importante ale ţării. De asemenea multe specii de păsări rare, cuibăresc sau sunt sedentare în parcurile naţionale ale Bulgariei. Aproximativ 13.000 de specii de nevertebrate şi vertebrate se regăsesc în Bulgaria şi reprezintă 14% din toate speciile înregistrate în Europa.
  • 4. Bulgaria este relativ săracă atât în cantitate, cât și în calitate de resurse naturale. Această situație a fost un factor important în planificarea economiei naționale și a comerțului exterior. Principalele resurse minerale indigene sunt cărbune, cuprul, plumbul, zincul și minerale de fier.