Vector Search -An Introduction in Oracle Database 23ai.pptx
PARTHIV
1. AGRICULTURE IN INDIA – A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH
Submitted by: Team Parthiv
Fedora Lia Dias
Dhananjay Gautam
Atheena Charly
Sithara M
Kishan Konannavar
2. Comparison of Agricultural profile
India China Brazil US Indonesia
Total Area (000
km²)
3287 9706 8515 9286 1920
Population
(millions)
1241 1344 196.7 313.9 242.2
Agricultural land
area (%)
60 56.21 31.27 44.1 30
Labor force in
agriculture(%)
53 34.8 15.7 0.7 38.9
Agriculture
contribution to
GDP %
13 10 6 1 15
% of fertilizer
produced
181.4 298.6 241.1 105.8 113.5
Agricultural
machinery:
Tractors
Per 100 sq. km
of arable land
128 81 129 271.3 2
PRESENT SCENARIO
Floriculture
& Seeds
4%
Fruits and
Vegetables
11% Processed
Fruits &
Vegetables
12%
Animal
Products
19%
Other
Processed
Foods
18%
Non Basmati
Rice
20%
Basmati Rice
13%
Wheat &
Other
Cereals
3%
Fig.1
AGRICULTURE PRODUCE IN INDIA
Expenditure Gross Capital
formation(GC
F)
GCF in
Agriculture %
2009-10 10870.15 160348 8.3
2010-11 17052.59 181562 8.2
2011-12 16354.70 212344 8.2
ECONOMIC PROFILE
Table 1 Table 2
4. Problems
Increase in
fertilizer but
decline in
productivity
(table 2) 40% Food
wastage
(Fig.4)
Increase in
import and
decline in
export
(Fig.6)
Food crisis
Farmers
suicide
Growth in
farm output
has slowed
down
Only 13%
contribution
to GDP
0
5
10
15
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
Agriculture import
to total import %
Agriculture export
to total export %
Fig.6
ROOTS OF LESS PRODUCTIVITY
Farm
er
• 3.3
Trader
• 4.1
Wholesa
ler
• 1.7
Retailer
• 2.5
Consum
er
• 11.6
Farm
er
• 2.2
Trader
• 2.3
Wholes
aler
• 1
Retailer
• 1.5
Consu
mer
• 7
Cost build up for one kilogram of average basket of
fruit (fig5a ) and vegetables(fig 5b)
Fig.5(a)
Fig.5(b)
5. Causes
Markets
underdeveloped
Fragmentation
of land
Produce do
not meet
international
standards
Lack of
storage
facility
Middle
level broker
(Fig. 5)
Lack of
technological
development
Climatic
changes
Insufficient
professional
education of
agriculturist
Existing Govt. Schemes
• Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna
• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment
guarantee act
• Rashtriya swasthya Yojna
• Integrated Rural Development Program
• Gramin Bhandaran Yojna
• Backward Region Grant Fund
• Marketing Research & Information Network
• National Agricultural Insurance scheme
• Pilot weather based crop insurance scheme
• Micro irrigation
NO SYNCHRONIZATION
HENCE!!! PROPOSING A NEW
STRATEGY WHICH MAKES
AGRICULTURE SECTOR A PUBLIC
SECTOR UNDERTAKING CALLED
AGRICULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT BUREAU
(ADB)
BUT!!!
6. STRATEGY
(Introduction of ADB)
Development Motivation
Boosting
Research and
Technology in
Agriculture
Formation of
Agriculture
Development
Bureau (ADB)
ADB Offices
in each
District
Survey and
Communication
Dept..
Human
Resource Dept.
Seeds and
Fertilizer shop
Finance &
Insurance
Dept.
Machines &
Tool Dept. Storage Dept.
Marketing &
Collection
Dept.
Research
Centre
Consultancy
of
Agriculture
Vetenary
Dept.
Laboratory
Seminar and
Conferences
National
Competition
in Agriculture
Local Seminar
arranged by Offices
Panchayat
Meetings
Prize Money for
Winners
Exhibitions
Sharing of
Techniques
7. Survey &
Communication
Dept.
Collecting samples
of Field
•Testing of Soil
•Soil enriching
fertilizer selection
Collecting Data
•Crops Type
•Productivity
•Land Distribution
and Holding
•Barren Land for
dairies and
Poultry
•Productive Land
for cultivation
•Marine Place for
fishing
Resource
Requirement
•Crop Rotation
•Demand
forecasting
Weather
forecasting
Human
Resource Dept.
Registration of
Farmers
Registration of
Unemployment
•Providing
employment
in Agriculture
Communication
with Survey and
Fertilizer Dept.
Receiving
Complaints
•Communication
with Research
Centre for
solution
Machines and
Tools Dept.
Provide
Machines and
Tools on rent
on subsidized
rate
Estimation of
Machines and
tools required
for the
particular land.
Procurement
according to
requirement
Storage Dept.
Construction of
local Storage
near farms per
10 Hectare of
farm
Registered
Cold Storage
for Every
Office
Emergency
Storage
Facility
Finance &
Insurance Dept.
Provision for
Agricultural
Insurance
Giving loans
to farmers
Providing free
financial
counseling to
the Farmers.
Keeping
records for all
in and out
Marketing &
Collection Dept.
Collection of
products directly
from farmers
Transportation
Facility
•To carry product
from smaller to
higher unit
Calculation of
market value of
Products
•Communication
with current
market
•Analysis of future
market trends
Rate display for
both selling and
buying of
Agricultural
Products
Seeds and
Fertilizer Shop
Receiving data of
land and farmers
from survey & HR
Dept.
According to the
need it
distribute:
•Particular seeds
for particular
land
•Fertilizer after
seeing the soil
analysis by
survey dept.
Provide food
material and
medicines for
poultry and
dairies
Agriculture Development Bureau Departmental Structure
8. ADB Central Units
4 central units in each zone, i.e
north, east, west, south
Planning and execution
Ensuring the flow of different
goods all over the country
Finding out markets for exporting
Deciding the market value of
products
Giving instructions to head
offices
Fund allocation to smaller units
Maintaining record of investment
and gross capital formation
Regular inspection
ADB Head Offices
One head office for coordinating
5 ADB units
Research and development
Giving technical assistance
Maintaining exchange of tools
and machineries
Distribution of seeds, fertilizers &
other inputs
Maintaining quality of processes
Planning and distribution of the
products to market
ADB units
One ADB Unit for an agricultural
population of 25,000 people
Seven departments come under
each unit as mentioned above
Providing cold storage houses
Management of farmers and
land allocation
Collection of products from
farms
Getting unused land on lease
Supply of machineries
Supply of seeds, fertilizers &
other inputs
HIERACHY OF ADB SYSTEM
9. Setup of Agricultural Development
Bureau : A Case Study in Kerala
Setting up of ADB Head Office
•Total Population: 33.4 mill
•Population in Agriculture: 3.2 mill
•We divide 14 districts into 6 zones and, as shown in
figure, establish one ADB head office for each zone.
•Hence, the agricultural population is evenly distributed
in the six zones.
Setting up of ADB Units
•For each ADB head office 5 ADB units should be there.
•ADB unit’s range should be decided according to the
agricultural population in each district.
•ADB units function as per the rules and regulations in
the strategy explained in earlier slides.
•After successful implementation in Kerala, the strategy
can be implemented throughout the country.
10. Planning
•Survey of Agricultural land &
collection of agricultural
statistics
•Planning organizational
hierarchy
•Developing ADB Head Office
•per five ADB unit
•Research Centre in one head
office as explained above
•Provide technological
assistance
•Coordination with ADB unit
•Deciding demand & supply of
Agro Products
•According to Farmer
Population division of Agro
land & assigning ADB units per
particular fraction of land.
Developing
Infrastructure
•Setting up ADB Head offices
•Existing R&D centers should
merge and setting up new if
required
•Building offices by the funds
which is given for Submerged
schemes
•Setting up ADB units
•Existing local offices and
Govt. shops are included
•Present storage godowns are
used and building new
storage if required
•Supply of Machinery and
tools depend of type of
farming
•Seven Departments should
be set up as explained above
Recruitment
•Specialist Officers in
Agriculture, Technology and
Management recruited
•First recruitment for Central
unit is done then recruitment
for ADB units should be done.
•For each seven departments
different skill set and different
field of people required.
•Large number of vacancies for
clerks, drivers, shopkeepers,
accountants are evolved
•Complete man force according
to the Organizational Hierarchy
should be recruited.
STEPS INVOLVED IN IMPLEMENTING THE SYSTEM
11. Challenges
• Raising funds
• Developing Infrastructures
• Merging of current schemes will be
difficult
• Transfer of employees from present
schemes to ADB
• Allocation of Resources
• Large initial Investment
• Giving Boost to new Technology
• High level management
Advantages of ADB Proposed System
• Increase in productivity
• Removal of farmer exploitation
• Removal of Middleman
• Reduction in wastage of crops and food
• Technological development
• Security and insurance for farmers
• Profit for both Govt. and Farmers
• Increasing employment
• Enriching soil with fertilizers and crop
rotation
• Opportunity for research and innovation in
agriculture
• Reduction in Poverty of famers
• Ensuring National food security
• Improve in quality of food
• Rise in export of agricultural products
• Synchronization of different Govt. Schemes
• Effective utilization and distribution of
resources
Disadvantages
• Huge investment is required
• If present schemes are not merged
then it is very difficult to continue
with this scheme
• Miscommunication between different
department is very necessary
otherwise system will fall
• It is very difficult to change mentality
of farmer about the new techniques
as they stick to the old approaches
12. Refrences
• World Bank Data
• Reserve bank of India, handbook of statistics of Indian economy
• Ministry of agriculture
• Department of agriculture and cooperation
• AGMARKNET
• Central Statistical Organisation
• http://agricoop.nic.in/agristatistics.htm
• www.agcensus.nic.in
• www.wikipedia.org
