The document describes a novel Concurrent Error Detection (CED) scheme to counter fault-based attacks against RSA encryption. The scheme exploits RSA's multiplicative homomorphic property by verifying if the product of encrypted messages equals the encryption of the product of plaintexts. If a mismatch occurs, all ciphertexts will be suppressed. This allows easy integration of fault attack resistance into architectures already resistant to other side-channel attacks like power analysis. The time and memory overhead can be traded off using a parameter k.
Homomorphic CED Scheme Counters Fault Attacks on RSA
1. Impulse Technologies
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Homomorphic Property-Based Concurrent Error Detection of RSA:
A Countermeasure to Fault Attack
Abstract
Fault-based attacks, which recover secret keys by deliberately introducing fault(s)
in cipher implementations and analyzing the faulty outputs, have been proved to be
extremely powerful. In this paper, we propose a novel Concurrent Error Detection (CED)
scheme to counter fault-based attack against RSA by exploiting its multiplicative
homomorphic property. Specifically, the proposed CED scheme verifies if Πi=1k E(mi) ≡
EΠi=1k mi (mod n) (mod n) where E could be either RSA encryption, or decryption, or
signature, or verification process. Upon a mismatch, all the ciphertexts will be
suppressed. The time overhead is 1/k and k can be used to trade-off the time overhead
with memory overhead and output latency. Recognizing that an RSA device could be
subject to a combination of several side-channel attacks, the proposed scheme enables an
easy divide-and-concur solution-any fine-tuned architecture, for example, a power-attack-
resistant architecture can be equipped with fault-attack resistance easily without
disturbing its original resistance. This advantage distinguishes the proposed scheme over
the existing countermeasures.
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