PPR in goats is highly acute, contagious and febrile disease of goats which causes huge loses to goat farmers. PPR is endemic in India. PPR in goats is characterized by pneumo-enteritis and stomatitis. Death occurs due to severe diarrhoea and water and electrolyte loses from the body.

1. PPR Control in Modern
Goat Farms in India
Dr. Ibne Ali
B.V.Sc and AH, Pantnagar
MVSc, IVRI, Izatnagar
+91-8800939109
ibnester@gmail.com

2. Economic losses due to PPR
 In India the estimated annual
economic loss due to PPR in goats is
around Rs. 5477.48 crore (Singh et
al., 2014).
 PPR is included in list ‘A’ disease of
the WorldOrganization forAnimal
Health (OIE),Paris.
 The list includes those transmissible
diseases that have the potential for
very serious and rapid spread,
irrespective of national borders, that
are of serious socio-economic or
public health consequence

3. Economic effects of PPR?
 The list includesthose transmissiblediseasesthat have the potentialfor very serious
and rapid spread, irrespectiveof nationalborders, that are of serious socio-
economic or public health consequence.
 The presenceof diseasecan limit trade and export; importof new breeds;
development of intensivelivestockproduction and results in loss of animalprotein
for human consumption.
 PPR is very troublesome disease for goat farmers. PPR has high morbidity(80-
90%) and mortality (50-80% and extent up to 100%) rate.
 The diseaseis more severe in young animals, poor nutrition, and concurrent
parasitic infections. Concurrent infectionssuchas contagious ecthyma(ORF), pox
may also result in PPR outbreak.
 Recovered animalshave lifetimeimmunity.

4. What is PPR ?
PPR (peste des petits ruminants) is a most important viral
disease of goat capable of heavy mortality and commonly
called as goat plague.
Characteristic features: stomatitis-pneumoenteritis
syndrome, contagious pustular stomatitis, pneumo-
enteritis complex based on resemblance to rinderpest of
cattle

5. How PPR is Caused?
 PPR is an importantdisease and it has alsocreated problemsbecause of its apparent
similarityto rinderpest– the clinicalsignsof PPR closelyresemblethose of rinderpest,
makingdifferentialdiagnosisdifficult.
 The PPR virus belongsto family Paramyxoviridae, genus Morbillivirus similarto
Rinderpest virus.
 Based on geneticcharacterizationofPPR virus strains organizedinto four groups;
three from Africaand one from Asia.
 One of the Africangroups of PPRV is alsofound inAsia. It may survive at 60°C for 60
minutes, stable from pH 4.0 to 10.0, but can be killedby alcohol,ether, and
detergents as well as by most disinfectants.

6. Epidemiology of PPR
 PrincipallyPPRis a diseaseof goats and
sheep.
 Comparativelydiseaseis more severe in
goats than sheep.
 Kids>4 months and < 1 year of age are
also most susceptible.
 In endemicareas, most of the sickand
dyinganimalsare >4months and up to
18 to 24 months of age.
 Cattle and buffalo can seroconvertbut
do not transmit disease.
 The PPRV does not infecthumans.

7. CFR in PPR is extremely high

8.  PPR is very troublesome disease for goat farmers.
 PPR has high morbidity (80-90%)and mortality (50-80% and extent up
to 100%)rate.
 The disease is more severe in young animals,poor nutrition, and
concurrent parasitic infections.
 Concurrent infections such as contagious ecthyma (ORF), poxmay also
result in PPR outbreak.
 Recovered animals have lifetime immunity.
Death Rates in PPR

9.  The clinicalsignof PPR in goats is often
fulminating and fatal although apparent
infectionoccursin endemicareas.
 Incubationperiod may range from 2-6
days in fieldconditions.
 In acute form, there is sudden onset of
fever with rectal temperature of at least
40°- 41°C.
 The affected goats show dullness,
sneezing,serous discharge from the
eyes and nostrils.
 After 2-3 daysdiscrete lesionsdevelopin
the mouth and extend over the entire
oral mucosa, forming diphtheric plaques
How PPR looks ?
During this stage farmers often
think that the animal has
developed cold exposure and
may attempt to provide
protection for cold.

10. How to control PPR with disinfectant
PPR is a viral diseasehence no cure is available for its control. Prevention with
live vaccinesisthe best option to prevent economiclosses.
When you see diseasein farm use any disinfectant for drinkingwater as well
as to spray in farm.
How to Use Virkon/KMnO4
• Areal spray with 1:200 (5g per liter
water)
• Foot dip and equipment washing with
1:100 (10g per liter water)
• Use in drinking water with 1:1000 (1g
per liter water)

11. Supportive treatment to control PPR
IM - Inj. Bayerocin @ 2ml per 30Kg live weight once in a day
IM - Inj. Vit A, D & E @ 2ml per 30Kglive weight oncein 2 days
Strictly avoid BELAMYL in PPR or any other viral disease
IM inj. Megludyne @ 1ml per 20Kg live weight

12. How to use PPR Vaccine?
Now homologousPPR vaccine is being
used.
The vaccine can protect small ruminants
against PPR for at least for 3 years.
Dose of PPR vaccine availablein market
(Ovilis PPR®; Raksha PPR®) is 1 ml and
can be given sub - cutaneous route at the
age of 4 months or above.
 Before injecting vaccine gave VitaminE andSe injectionsto goats 1 ml
per 30kg, 1 day before and after.
Avoid using this vaccine in any stresslike transportation, inclement weather etc. 3
weeks post vaccination.

13. Contact for
Goat Farming
Consultancy
Dr. Ibne Ali
B.V.Sc and AH, Pantnagar
MVSc, IVRI, Izatnagar
+91-8800939109
ibnester@gmail.com