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Environment, Innovation, and Business Strategies Ian Miles http:///les1.man.ac.uk/cric/Ian_Miles
The Bramble Bush 1 ,[object Object],Male Urbanised Scientific “wisdom” Rash action Raw nature Blinded
The Bramble Bush 2 ,[object Object],Late and contradictory realisarion? Much effort required Resolve the problem by using the same tools
Why  Clean Technology ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Clean and Cleaner: Technology for Sustainability ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Clean and Cleaner: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],;  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Environmental Concerns ,[object Object],;
Environmental Concerns ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Population explosion - GROWTH as problem GLOBAL problems, associated with (numerous) specific practices, pollutants GROWTH as problematic; splitting of green concerns New problems recognised - BSE and other health threats; pseudoestrogens, etc - and much controversy
Environmental Concerns ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],;  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Environment  as Externality, as Commodity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Environment NOT regarded as value in itself CONSEQUENCES: local and global problems impacting biosphere, ecosystems, human welfare, economies
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Innovation Research Innovation studies are Not greatly connected yet with new environmental economics; nor into related policy discourse e.g. on eco-taxes
Tech-Fix?  Panacea? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Drivers for Clean(er) Technological Choices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: based on Alan Irwin & Paul Hooper, 1992, “Clean Technology, Successful Innovation & the greening of industry”  Business Strategy and The Environment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Prospects for  Clean(er) Technologies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source:  Rene Kemp et al ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
But are incremental changes enough - even lots of them? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Change in Trajectory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Technological Regime Technological Trajectories Selection  Environment: Demand, Regulations, Institutions R&D Decisions Individual firm: accumulated knowledge, corridor, path dependent
[object Object]
“ Clean” Technology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lamp Posts and Keys Technological Development driven by regimes, paradigms - even when solutions to problems sought, these may be developed withi the perspective of such opportunities - thus IT, biotech, etc. ?
Changing  Technological Regimes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Industrial Evolution OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS BRIGHT GREEN HORNETS ROBIN HOODS GREEN GIANTS
Industrial Evolution 1 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS BRIGHT GREEN HORNETS ROBIN HOODS GREEN GIANTS Hostile to environmental concerns, activists Keen to argue, contest Declines to take action (might be “scientificaly correct”, but at odds with public/regulatory perceptions)
Industrial Evolution 2 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS Reactive, regulatory response (sometimes, market-driven response) resulting in minor technical changes; environment seen as threatening, compliance dominates
Industrial Evolution 3 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS Reactive, but environment seen as offering some opportunities, not just as a cost. Compliance dominates, but more foresight involved.
Industrial Evolution 4 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS BRIGHT GREEN HORNETS More attention to underlying technologies, seeing these as providing competitive opportunities.
Industrial Evolution 5 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS BRIGHT GREEN HORNETS ROBIN HOODS New technological directions actively sought, seen as providing radical alternatives to existing product lines, possibly completely new businesses.
Industrial Evolution 6 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS BRIGHT GREEN HORNETS ROBIN HOODS GREEN GIANTS Cleaner technological regimes promoted.  Firms products challenge other product systems or industrial sectors, providing similar final functionality but avoiding major processes causing environmental damage (e.g. nonCFC / CFC substitute refrigeration, telecomms instead of business travel).
Where does the impetus come from? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Changing Technological Trajectories ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Environmental Management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Environmental Management: Programmatic Choices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Environmental Management: Programmatic Choices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],To internalise & meet regulatory and PROACTIVE environment goals.  Should allocate env. Responsibility, specify flows of information (int. & ext.), offer guidelines on meeting goals
Environmental Management: Programmatic Choices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Close monitoring may well be required to avert potentially severe consequences. Main methods are liab;le to be direct reporting of env activity, env auditing
Environmental Audits ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],International Chamber of Commerce/ Environment Protection Agency list of essential elements source: A Zich, 1991, “Keeping Tabs on Risky Business”  Tomorrow  vol 1 no 2 pp 24-29 Moves toward national & international  auditing standards - e.g. BS7750 Courses running, curricula developed Software for decision support re compliance
Environmental Management: Programmatic Choices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Programmes to motivate staff, ensure understanding; performance evaluations; recognise & reward innovations; emphasise commitment, encourage action.
Environmental Management: Programmatic Choices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Traditional accounting methods may even fail to identify short-term financial paybacks, let alone long-term savings and avoided costs; new tools for financial evaluation may be needed
Environmental Management: Programmatic Choices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Tools to evaluate env impacts of decision making about production and products ( & R&D!); to record company activities & risks.  Guidance for employees, decision support for managers confronting uncertainty
Environmental Management: Programmatic Choices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],To internalise & Aimed at gaining external (and internal) support.  Methods may include participation in env debates and fora, financial support of env activities in communities, etc
Changing Trajectories ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
… and will it be enough? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Environment, Innovation, and Business Strategies

  • 1. Environment, Innovation, and Business Strategies Ian Miles http:///les1.man.ac.uk/cric/Ian_Miles
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  • 17. Technological Regime Technological Trajectories Selection Environment: Demand, Regulations, Institutions R&D Decisions Individual firm: accumulated knowledge, corridor, path dependent
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  • 20. Lamp Posts and Keys Technological Development driven by regimes, paradigms - even when solutions to problems sought, these may be developed withi the perspective of such opportunities - thus IT, biotech, etc. ?
  • 21.
  • 22. Industrial Evolution OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS BRIGHT GREEN HORNETS ROBIN HOODS GREEN GIANTS
  • 23. Industrial Evolution 1 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS BRIGHT GREEN HORNETS ROBIN HOODS GREEN GIANTS Hostile to environmental concerns, activists Keen to argue, contest Declines to take action (might be “scientificaly correct”, but at odds with public/regulatory perceptions)
  • 24. Industrial Evolution 2 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS Reactive, regulatory response (sometimes, market-driven response) resulting in minor technical changes; environment seen as threatening, compliance dominates
  • 25. Industrial Evolution 3 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS Reactive, but environment seen as offering some opportunities, not just as a cost. Compliance dominates, but more foresight involved.
  • 26. Industrial Evolution 4 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS BRIGHT GREEN HORNETS More attention to underlying technologies, seeing these as providing competitive opportunities.
  • 27. Industrial Evolution 5 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS BRIGHT GREEN HORNETS ROBIN HOODS New technological directions actively sought, seen as providing radical alternatives to existing product lines, possibly completely new businesses.
  • 28. Industrial Evolution 6 OSTRICHES CHICKEN LICKENS PALE GREEN HORNETS BRIGHT GREEN HORNETS ROBIN HOODS GREEN GIANTS Cleaner technological regimes promoted. Firms products challenge other product systems or industrial sectors, providing similar final functionality but avoiding major processes causing environmental damage (e.g. nonCFC / CFC substitute refrigeration, telecomms instead of business travel).
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