This document summarizes the key outputs of a project that promoted climate resilient rural infrastructure in northern Vietnam. It outlines various technical reports produced by the project, including an effectiveness audit report, training completion report, construction completion report, technical guidelines for slope protection, and sample drawings and specifications. It also describes breakout working sessions that were held to discuss mainstreaming bioengineering techniques in Vietnam and identifying strategies, capacity building efforts, additional demonstrations, and research needed.

1. Promoting Climate Resilient Rural
Infrastructure in Northern Vietnam
TA 8102-VIE
Overview of the TA 8102-VIE outputs
and introduction to working session.
Dr J R Cook

2. Aim of Presentation
• Outline the key Project outputs
• Outline the break-out working sessions

3. Key Technical Outputs
• TR-14: Effectiveness Audit Report
• TR-15: Training Completion Report
• TR-16: Construction Completion Report
• TR-17: Technical Guidelines for Slope Protection
• TR-18: Sample Drawings and Specifications
• TR-19: Low-cost Slope Protection: Training
Course Content

4. TR-14: Effectiveness Audit Report
• MONITORING METHODS
• TECHNICAL EFFECTIVENESS - RIVERBANKS
• TECHNICAL EFFECTIVENESS - ROADS
• COSTS
• SOCIAL EFFECTIVENESS
• CONCLUSIONS

5. Key Contents: Monitoring Data

6. Key Contents: Monitoring Analysis

7. Key Contents: Performance Comment
Province Plants used Advantages Disadvantages Recommendation by
Community
Bac Kan
SRIDP SP4: Cau
riverbank
protection
revetment, Thanh
Mai Commune, Cho
Moi District
Homonoia
riparia
Good growth None Provide continuing care,
pruning
Ficus
benjamina
High rate of
dead plants;
slow growth
Red Ficus
selected; White
Ficus has better
performance
Not suitable for
riverbank erosion
protection
Further study
recommended; Ficus
benjamina is a big tall tree,
occupying land when
reaching full growth and
possibly causing erosion
Vetiver grass
(imported
species)
Good growth,
deeply rooted
Constant care
required
(pruning,
weeding…)
When handed over, the
commune authorities need
to assign the maintenance
task to responsible villages
or social organizations

8. Key Content: Social Comment
• Effectiveness related to Community Involvement
• Effectiveness related to Gender Measures
• Effectiveness related to Indigenous Peoples’ Aspect
• Effectiveness related to Poverty Aspects
• Effectiveness of Construction Materials
• Effectiveness of Plants Selected
• Effectiveness of bioengineering demonstrations
• Effectiveness related to participation of local groups
• Shortcomings related to social objectives effectiveness

9. TR-15: Training Completion Report
• INTRODUCTION
• TA TRAINING WORKSHOPS
• KNOWLEDGE AND
COMMUNICATIONS PRODUCTS
• EVALUATION OF TRAINING BY
MARD DEPARTMENTS
• WAY FORWARD
• ANNEX 1: TECHNICAL REPORTS
• ANNEX 2: WORKSHOP
DISCUSSIONS
• ANNEX 3: REFERENCES

10. Key Content: Workshop Summaries

11. Key Content: Reference Database

12. TR-17: Technical Guidelines for Slope
Protection
Concise guidance to the selection of appropriate bio-engineering and
associated engineering options for the surface protection of inland
roadside and riverside slopes.
This guidance is aimed primarily at the rural infrastructure but its principles
may be adapted for use in other slope protection environments.

13. General Description
Fascines are linear bundles of live hardwood cuttings tied together and laid in shallow
trenches with wooden stakes across a slope and used to catch slope debris, and to
armour, and reinforce the slope. After burial in trench they put out rots and shoots,
forming a strong line of vegetation. Maximum slope about 45°. The option provides
immediate and increasingly strong protection and reinforcement through the
development of roots and subsequent plant growth.
Key Design and Resource Requirements
 Long straight flexible branches (1.5-2m long by 20-25mm diameter) tied in bundles
150-300mm in diameter laid in shallow trenches across the slope. Tips and basal
ends should be evenly distributed through bundles.
 Design input should include slope angles, soil type and depth as well a grading, pH,
soil chemistry.
 Planting should be by experienced agricultural labour with general supervision.
Principal Uses and Advantages
 A useful method of rapid vegetation establishment on slopes on roadside and
riverbank slopes. Act as a scour check; if undermined they can bridge gap and still
thrive. Can be installed before busy rainy season. Shoots more vigorous than
palisades or cuttings. When cut from appropriate species and properly installed
with live and dead stout stakes, fascines will root and immediately begin to stabilise
slope surfaces. They may place an angle on wet slopes to induce drainage.
 Fascines are used to provide erosion and sedimentation control by increasing
infiltration, slowing run-off and trapping seed and sediment. They can protect
slopes from shallow slides (0.3-0.5m depth), Capable of trapping and holding soil
on the face of the slope, thus reducing a long slope into a series of shorter slopes.
Principal Concerns
Stabilisation of shallow instability only. For live fascines to function properly, it is vital
that they develop proper growth. Best if bundles can be installed on day of harvest.
Require a large amount of cutting materials. May encourage infiltration and saturation
of surface and lead to shallow sliding in soft or weak materials. Not suitable on soft or
loose materials.
TA 8102-VIE Demonstration Sites
Used on two demonstration sites: Bac Kan riverside; Thai Nguyen embankment.
Illustrations
Illustrations
Right after plantation on embankment 4 months after plantation on riverbank
3 months after plantation on
embankment
10 months after plantation on
embankment
Key Comment on Use and Photos

14. TR-18: Sample Drawings and
Specifications
This document provides the detailed technical designs of
selected bio-engineering and associated engineering options
used to protect roadside slopes and riverbanks from surface
erosion and shallow failure.

15. Brush Layer Example

17. This course is based on the outcomes of ADB-
MARD Project TA 8102-VIE:
Promoting Climate Resilient Rural
Infrastructure in Northern Vietnam.
Course prepared by Dr J R Cook
TR19: Lecture Course for UTC

18. TR19: Lecture Course for UTC
1. An introduction to Climate Impact
and Rural Infrastructure
2. Increasing the Climate Resilience of
Rural Infrastructure
3. An Introduction to Bioengineering

19. Breakout Discussions
14:00 – 15:00
Breakout groups to identify entry points and next steps
for using project outputs to mainstream
bioengineering in Viet Nam
15:00 - 15:30 Refreshments
15:30 – 16:00 Groups reporting back to plenary on findings
16:00 – 17:00
Panel comments and discussion on group findings and
way forward

20. The Embedment Chain - Issues
X X?√

21. Breakout Topics
1. A strategy for drafting and embedding relevant
bioengineering standards and specifications,
within official Ministerial and Government
standards so that they become a mandatory
consideration in relevant future projects.
2. A way forward for up-take of the demonstrated
procedures in current, planned, and future
infrastructure projects.

22. Breakout Topics
3. Key issues for practical training and capacity
building on bioengineering procedures nationally
among relevant authorities, groups and
universities.
4. Recommendations on additional demonstrations
and related research at a National Level.

23. General Topic Agenda
• Current Status
• Way forward steps
• Use of TA outputs in the Way Forward
• Key summary points

24. A strategy for drafting and embedding relevant bioengineering
standards and specifications, within official Ministerial and
Government standards so that they become a mandatory
consideration in relevant future projects
Current Status
Way forward steps
Use of TA outputs in the Way Forward
Key summary points