2. 1.
BRAINSTORMI
NG
Brainstorming is a technique
to generate ideas within a
group or individual setting. It
provides a quick means for
tapping the ideas and concepts
of an individual or of a group
then helps establish patterns
and develop relationship
among these concepts.
3. IDEA LIST - Start by
listing down broad topics
then go on by identifying
related, narrower topics.
CONCEPT MAP - Begin by
writing the main concept at
the middle and then adding
more branches for its
subtopics. Explore more
topics by adding more
branches.
4. Outlines serve as a road
map or blueprint when
writing. It helps organize
the ideas as it shows the
hierarchical relationship or
logical ordering of
information.
5. a. Topic outline – uses
words or phrases as
headings, without
punctuation
b. Sentence outline –
uses full sentences
6. a. Parallelism – putting the
words in the same grammatical
order (parallel grammatical
structure)
b. Coordination – arranging
ideas according to their value or
importance; ideas of the of the
same relevance or value are
labeled in the same way;
c. Subordination – arranging
ideas in levels of significance:
major and minor
d. Division – separating the
kinds of points you are making
by using a consistent basis of
division and distinction
7. Graphic organizers are visual and graphic displays that
show the relationships among concepts or ideas.
There are many different kinds of graphic organizers
depending on the type of information being organized.
10. As a writer, it is important to arrange your ideas in
a text according to your purpose in writing.
Are you narrating an event, showing cause and
effect, defining a term or comparing or contrasting
items?
Your purpose suggests a method of organization or
logical arrangement known as the pattern of
development. It could be a way of logically
organizing the whole text or a just an individual
paragraph.
11. Narration – This refers to a sequential telling of a story or recounting of a series of events
Definition - Explains an idea, term or phrase using distinguishing characteristics or
synonyms. It is used to set working generalizations that help control the meaning and scope
of important terms or ideas.
Description – similar with narration for having many specific details, description
“emphasizes the senses by painting a picture of how something looks, sounds, smells, tastes,
or feels. Description is often used to establish a mood or atmosphere” (Bedford, Freeman and
Worth, 2019, p.2).
Comparison and contrast – compares two things to highlight their subtle similarities and
differences. The author's intent is to describe a connection between two things by showing
their distinguishing and shared attributes (Bohaty, 2015).
12. 5. Sequence – describes steps, events, processes, or procedures. There are three
types of Sequence: steps, timeline, and cycle. Regardless of the type, the author is
putting information in an order (Bohaty, 2015, p. 40).
6. Cause and effect – shows the linkage of causation – how events are influenced
or caused by another. “The author's intent is to tell us how an event always leads
to an outcome. The event is the cause and the outcome is the result. The
relationship is between the cause and the effect” (Bohaty, 2015, p. 40).
7. Problem and solution - divides information into two main sections, one that
describes a problem and one that describes a solution. Here, the author’s intent is
to discuss or propose a solution to a problem. The relationship between the
problem and the solution is explored (Bohaty, 2015).
13. NARRATION
It was a Saturday afternoon
when Allie decided it was
time to paint the brick
fireplace white. As we
crawled closer to the dirty
old firepit, we pulled out the
petrified wood and noticed a
teeny, tiny treasure box. We
looked at each other in
wonder and excitement.
14. DEFINITIO
N
Bravery is the mindset one takes
when facing a challenge that could
be dangerous or difficult. The task
could be objectively dangerous, such
as engaging in battle or driving in
adverse conditions. A person could
also perceive a seemingly harmless
situation as challenging, such as
climbing a flight of stairs or talking
to someone they’d like to date. A
brave act requires one to face and
embrace the task rather than
withdraw from it.
15. DESCRIPTI
ON
A swamp, a bog, a quagmire,
whatever you might call it, my
swamp is the only place I would
ever consider home. The climate
ranges with the season, and the
mud pits offer a surprising level of
insulation from the weather, never
too hot or too cold. Nights are
filled with the sounds of crickets,
toads, and the wayward donkey,
the soft sounds of the angry
village in the distance.
16. COMPARISO
N AND
CONTRAST
BMX bikes and mountain bikes are built in
different ways. BMX bikes are great for
tricks because they have a low, light frame
and short tires. Mountain bikes have a high,
heavy frame and thick tires. This makes
them great for off-road riding on bumpy
surfaces. Another way the two types of bikes
differ is the number of gears. Mountain
bikes have many different gears, but BMX
bikes normally have just one gear. The
number of gears relates to the main
difference between the two bikes. BMX
bikes are built in a way that lets riders do
tricks, while mountain bikes are built for off-
road riding, including up and down hills.
17. SEQUENCE
The life cycle of tulips is
interesting. The tulip bulbs are
planted from mid-September to
mid-November. During this
period the soil is moist. This
fosters the growth of the bulb
under the ground. In the first
cycle of growth, the roots start
growing from the bulb to form a
strong root system. If you have
planted the bulbs in the month
of October, you can expect a
strong root system by December.
18. CAUSE AND
EFFECT
A lack of free or affordable housing
could be considered an obvious cause of
homelessness. On a purely practical
level, if a city can provide enough
homeless shelters and other forms of
affordable housing, the people who
would otherwise sleep on the streets
can sleep far more safely with a
consistent roof over their heads. Social
support services, whether they are
funded publicly or privately, would be
able to tackle many of the immediate
and long-term challenges that face
people experiencing homelessness.
19. PROBLEM
AND
SOLUTION
Consumption of processed and
convenience foods and our dependence
on the car have led to an increase in
obesity and reduction in the fitness
level of the adult population. In some
countries, especially industrialized
ones, the number of obese people can
amount to one third of the
population. This is significant
as obesity and poor fitness lead to a
decrease in life expectancy, and it is
therefore important
for individuals and governments to
work together to tackle this issue and
improve their citizens' diet and fitness.
20. Lesson 2:
Write a minimum of 2 paragraphs employing each of the text structures or patterns of development. Be
guided by the following prompts
a. Narration – narrate an encounter that taught you a lesson in life
b. Definition – Define what is trust and the roles it plays in our life
c. Description – Write about a description of your dream house
d. Comparison and Contrast – note the similarities and differences of e-books and textbooks
e. Sequence – explain how to effectively avoid procrastination
f. Cause and Effect – write possible reasons behind the downgrade of moral values in modern society
g. Problem and Solution – What are some health issues the Filipinos are now facing and propose for
possible solutions.
