sustainable water in africa
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The document discusses water sustainability issues in Africa. It notes that many Africans have to walk long distances to fetch water and access to water is inadequate. Experts call for water access to be a higher priority. The document then discusses potential solutions like rainfed irrigation, where crops are grown using natural rainfall collected in moist soil. It also discusses the UN Millennium Project's goal of increasing sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation for many in Africa by 2015. However, the project is at risk of failing in some countries. Additional solutions mentioned include education programs to teach self-sustaining practices like farming and access to clean water.
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sustainable water in africa
- 1. Water sustainability in Africa By: Haley Davis
- 2. • Prof. Savapalan • “…I was lucky to have a bucket of water for my bath in the morning, that was all that I could get. And even that water the children, in the household that I was staying with, they had to walk 5km to the river to fetch that water for me so I could have a bath.”
- 3. • Peter Gleick • “… Rapid population growth and inadequate efforts to improve access to water ensure that this problem will grow worse before it grows better. This problem should be a far higher priority for governments, water providers, and international aid organizations than it appears to be.”
- 4. Solutions • Rainfed Irrigation • UN Millennium Project
- 5. Rainfed irrigation • Definition: is a type of irrigation that relies upon the natural rain to be collected in well moistured soils.
- 6. Arguments for Rainfed irrigation – Pros: – Better solution than contaminated surface water – Low cost – Cons: – Have to schedule crop seasons around the rain
- 7. UN Millennium Project Goals Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty Achieve universal primary education Promote gender equality and empower women Reduce child mortality Improve maternal health Combat HIV/ AIDS, malaria and other diseases Ensure environmental sustainability Develop a global partnership for development
- 8. Goal 7, Target 10 • This target plans to “Halve,…, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation” • The Un plans to develop policies and find environmentally sound technologies to reach this target
- 9. Possible Failure of UN Millennium Project… Countries on course to meet the 2015 target and achieve sustainable development based on access to clean water Countries with performance that is within African average and could meet the target Countries that fall outside the African limit and unlikely to meet the 2015 target Algeria, Botswana, Comoros, Egypt, Gabon, Mauritius, Seychelles, South Africa (8) Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cape Verde, Cote d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Gambia, Lesotho, Libya, Morocco, Namibia, São Tomé and Principé, Tunisia, Zimbabwe. (13) Angola, Benin, … , Tanzania, Zambia (42)
- 10. What else can we do? • If the UN Millennium Project what else can we do?
- 11. Interview Solution EDUCATION • Parker Laubach • “not just education in the sense of teaching people with a university, but education of how can people live to support themselves… maybe they just want clean water and to be farmers.”
- 12. In conclusion… • Rainfed Irrigation • UN Millennium Project • Education
Editor's Notes
- Professor Savapalan: Professor in Hydrology at the University of Illinois: A Professor that I interviewed on this topic He made this quote about the amount of water he received on his trip to Nigeria, Africa. Can anyone image only using a bucket of water for a shower? Well Africa has quality issues that prevents the people from having enough clean water for every day use. In not only drinking water but for agricultural use as well.
- Peter Gleick wrote an article called: Basic water requirements for human activities: Meeting basic needs. In it he quoted this. Before water became main stream scientists new about how massive this will be.
- These are the 2 aspects of this issue I am going to cover
- Rainfed irrigation is a better solution for both drinking and agricultural usage because the water is better quality than the contaminated surface water and has very low cost for farmers. However, water is not always present in Africa, they have wet and dry seasons, so farmers will have to time their cropping cycle around the wet season.
- The UN Millennium Project is a project that started by the UN in 2000 and is to run till 2015. this project contains 8 goals that you can see here and 13 targets describing in more detail of what to fix in each of the 8 goals.
- The target I worried about was target 10 in goal number 7 which states: quote. The way the UN plans to reach the target goal is by developing policies in the developing country and by finding environmentally sound technologies to be used.
- However, the UN Millennium Project is not on track to fulfill the 2015 goal. Here is a table of all the countries that are on track to fulfilling that goal, might fulfill the goal, and unlikely to fulfill the goal. The evidence is outstanding on how many countries will not meet this 15 year plan. And if this outcome happens, the UN Millennium Project will fail and something else has to be done to solve this problem.
- The other solution that 2 of my interviewers had in common was education. Parker Laubach a senior here at the University if Illinois in Environmental Engineering, and also a prior member of Engineers without Boarders like Professor Savapalan he also made a trip to Africa but visited in Cameroon, this is what he said about what type of education is needed in Africa. Professor Savapalan discussed with me that the education that Africa needs is water management education.
- In conclusion I talked about rainfed irrigation and how it’s beneficial for farmers because it is not contaminated and costs little money but the scheduling of the crop cycle will have to change. Then we talked about the UN Millennium Project and how that is a great concept in theory but it may not fulfill it’s goal. And lastly what everyday people think the best solution will be as being education.