5. ►Non-compartmental analysis (NCA) is a simple and quick method
for evaluating the exposure of a drug.
► It allows you to evaluate things like linearity and in vivo exposure.
► Noncompartmental analysis (NCA) provides the most elementary
pharmacokinetic information for a drug (i.e., peak concentration
and elimination half-life).
► NCAs are essential for characterizing new drug products and can
help guide development at each stage.
► It assumes that elimination follows first order
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8. NCAs often prove faster and more cost-efficient to conduct,
especially when compared to more complex compartmental
analyses (e.g., compartmental models that are applied to
population PK analyses and that rely upon sparse/few
sampling techniques)
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12. The MRT is calculated by summing the total time in the body and
dividing by the number of molecules, which is turns out to be 85.6
minutes. Thus MRT represents the average time a molecule stays in
the body. Equations for the mean residence time (MRT) of drug in
the body and related functions are derived for drugs which are
intravenously administered into a one- or two-compartment system
with Michaelis-Menten elimination.
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13. MDT is the arithmetic mean value of any release profiles (Podczeck, 1993) and is
used to describe the drug release rate, to describe the hindering ability of the
used polymer (Asaduzzaman et al., 2011) , and to compare different release
profiles statistically (Podczeck, 1993). The mean disintegration time (MDGT; mean
time required for disintegration of tablets) and mean dissolution time
(MDST; mean time required for drug dissolution) of water-soluble drugs from solid
dosage forms were determined by moment analysis using microcalorimetric
curves.
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15. Time, or better said Mean Arrival Time, corresponds to the
time on average that drug molecules spend prior
absorption, or in other words, the residence time of those
molecules 'outside' the absorption. 'site'.
For noninstantaneous input into a kinetic space, such as
oral absorption, the MRT estimated from extravascular
data includes a contribution of the mean transit time for
input, known as mean absorption time (MAT, or mean
arrival time, or mean input time).
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17. The AUMC (area under the first moment curve) is the area
under the concentration times versus time curve. The first
moment curve is prepared when concentration x time is
plotted versus time.
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18. The first moment curve is prepared when concentration x
time is plotted versus time. AUMC can be mathematically
expressed as: (6.6) Knowledge about AUC and AUMC allows
further calculation and analysis of drug characteristics.
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19. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a
computational process that simulates the absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a substance in the
body of an organism based on the interrelationships among
key physiological, biochemical, and physicochemical factors
using mathematical equations ...
Pharmacokinetic (PK) models are mathematical tools that allow
simulating drug concentration levels in the blood prior to real
administration. These models can have countless applications
in new drug development and clinical activities.
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21. During the discovery phase, PK/PD models can be used to
identify and select the best drug candidates, which helps
characterize the mechanism of action and disease behavior of
a given drug, to predict clinical response in humans, and to
facilitate a better understanding about the potential clinical
relevance of ...
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