1. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
SYSTEM
IT implementation in
Healthcare
Presented by
Gouthami S
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2. What Is Information Technology?
IT is concerned with Technology to treat Information
Deals with the use of computers and
telecommunications to retrieve and store and transmit
information.
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3. Health Information Technology
The application of information processing involving
both computer hardware and software that deals with
the storage, retrieval, sharing, and use of health care
information, data, and knowledge for communication
and decision making.
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4. IT applications fall into 3 categories:
Administrative and financial systems that
facilitate billing, accounting and other
administrative tasks;
Clinical systems that facilitate or provide input
into the care process; and
Infrastructure that supports both the
administrative and clinical applications.
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5. Examples
Types Applications
Administrative and Billing; General Ledger; Cost accounting systems; Patient
Financial registration; personnel and payroll; Electronic Material
management
Clinical CPOE for drugs, lab tests; EHR; PACs for filmless imaging;
Results reporting of lab and other tests; CDSS; Prescription
drug fulfillment, error alert, transcriptions; Electronic
monitoring of patients in ICU
Infrastructure Desktop, laptop, cart-based, and tablet computers; Servers and
networks; Wireless networks; Voice recognition systems for
transcription, physician orders and medical record; Bar-coding
technology for drugs, medical devices and inventory control;
Information Security Systems
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6. Linking health care providers
through information technology
Health care today involves considerable sharing of
information among providers such as physicians’
offices, hospitals, imaging centers, and clinical
laboratories, as well as among providers and payers.
A health care information infrastructure would provide
the networks and standards to allow providers within a
community to share information electronically.
In addition, patients could use it to access their medical
records or other health care information from all
providers.
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7. Technologies
EMR & EHR
Computerized provider order entry
Clinical Decision Support System
Picture Archiving And Computerizing System
Bar coding
Radio frequency identification (RFID)
Automated Dispensing Machines (ADMs)
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8. Electronic Medical Record
An electronic medical record for a patient at a particular
site, providing such functionalities as e-
prescribing, order/results management, work-flow
tasking, communication and messaging
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9. Computerized provider order entry (CPOE)
It is designed to replace a hospital's paper-based
ordering system. They allow users to electronically
write the full range of orders, maintain an online
medication administration record, and review changes
made to an order by successive personnel.
Decreases delay in order completion, reduces errors
related to handwriting or transcription, allows order
entry at point-of-care or off-site, provides error-
checking for duplicate or incorrect doses or tests, and
simplifies inventory and posting of charges
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10. Clinical decision support system (CDSS)
CDSS provides physicians and nurses with real-time
diagnostic and treatment recommendations. The term
covers a variety of technologies ranging from simple
alerts and prescription drug interaction warnings to full
clinical pathways and protocols.
CDSS may be used as part of CPOE and EHR.
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11. Picture archiving and communications
system (PACS)
This technology captures and
integrates diagnostic and
radiological images from
various devices (e.g., x-
ray, MRI, computed
tomography scan), stores
them, and disseminates them
to a medical record, a clinical
data repository, or other
points of care.
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12. Bar coding
Bar coding in a health care environment is similar to
bar-code scanning in other environments: An optical
scanner is used to electronically capture information
encoded on a product.
By use of bar coding there is
Accuracy
Ease of use
Timely feedback
Improved Productivity
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13. Radio frequency identification (RFID)
This technology tracks patients throughout the
hospital, and links lab and medication tracking through
a wireless communications system.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology
that uses electronic chips embedded on tags to transmit
radio waves.
These tags can identify products, assets, medical
records, and even individuals with embedded security
cards or wristbands.
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14. Automated dispensing machines (ADMs)
It is a computerized drug storage device or
cabinet designed for hospitals.
It allows medications to be stored and dispensed
near the point of care while controlling and
tracking drug distribution. They also are called
unit-based cabinets (UBCs), automated
dispensing devices (ADDs), automated
distribution cabinets
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15. Telemedicine
Telemedicine is the use of telecommunication
and information technologies in order to
provide clinical health care at a distance. It helps
eliminate distance barriers and can improve access to
medical services that would often not be consistently
available in distant rural communities.
Technologies used are
Store and forward
Two way interactive television (IATV)
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16. Bioinformatics
Deals with the analysis of Genome databases to provide
structural and functional information on unknown genes
or proteins and reconstructing metabolic pathways.
Technologies involved in Bioinformatics are
Molecular modeling
Bio-molecular Docking
Genome Sequence Analysis
Gene finding
Comparative Genomics
Microarray Data Analysis
All these activities are used for new drug design for
better health care
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17. Hospital Information System
Helps in efficient and effective management of hospital
activities
Deals with the aspects such as
Out Patient and In Patient management
Investigations
Billing
Appointments
Operation theatre
Blood Bank
Registration and Enquiry
Diet Kitchen Management
Central Store Management
Pharmacy Management
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18. References
Report to the Congress: New Approaches in Medicare
June 2004
Health Informatics In India Vision and Activities
www.openclinical.org
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