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PO ČEMU SE BILJNA ĆELIJA
RAZLIKUJE OD ŽIVOTINJSKE?
• OSNOVNI DIJELOVI BILJNE
I ŽIVOTINJSKE ĆELIJE SU
ISTI: ĆELIJSKA
MEMBRANA, JEDRO I
CITOPLAZMA
• OKO MEMBRANE
BILJNA ĆELIJA IMA
NEŽIVI ĆELIJSKI ZID.
• ĆELIJSKI ZID JE GRAĐEN
OD SLOŽENOG ŠEĆERA
CELULOZE
ĆELIJSKI ZID
ĆELIJSKI ZID
• ĆELIJSKI ZID IMA U SEBI
MNOGO OTVORA KOJI
OMOGUĆAVAJU
RAZMJENU MATERIJA
IZMEĐU ĆELIJA
• ĆELIJSKI ZID DAJE
BILJNOJ ĆELIJI
ČVRSTOĆU I OBLIK
HLOROPLASTI
• BILJNE ĆELIJE
SADRŽE
HLOROPLASTE –
ORGANELE U KOJIMA
SE NALAZI ZELENI
PIGMENT HLOROFIL
FOTOSINTEZA U HLOROPLASTIMA
• HLOROPLASTI
UPIJAJU SUNČEVU
SVJETLOST I
KORISTEĆI ENERGIJU
TE SVJETLOSTI
PROCESOM
FOTOSINTEZE
STVARAJU ŠEĆERE
HROMOPLASTI
• NEKE BILJKE IMAJU I
HROMOPLASTE –
ORGANELE SA ŽUTOM,
NARANDŽASTOM ILI
CRVENOM BOJOM
(PIGMENTOM)
• LISTOVI SU ZELENE BOJE
JER IMAJU NAJVIŠE
HLOROFILA.
U JESEN SE HLOROFIL
POVLAČI U STABLO A VIDE
DOTADA SKRIVENE
NIJANSE ŽUTE ILI CRVENE
BOJE.
HROMATOGRAFIJA
• BILJNI PIGMENTI SE
MOGU RAZDVOJITI
HROMATOGRAFIJOM.
• RAZLIČITI PIGMENTI
PUTUJU RAZLIČITIM
BRZINAMA U
RASTVARAČU I
OBRAZUJU SVOJE
TRAKE
LEUKOPLASTI
• U LEUKOPLASTIMA SE
GOMILA REZERVNA
MATERIJA – ŠEĆER
SKROB
PLASTIDI
• HLOROPLASTI,
HROMOPLASTI I
LEUKOPLASTI SE
NAZIVAJU JEDNIM
IMENOM PLASTIDI
VAKUOLE
• BILJNA ĆELIJA SADRŽI
JEDNU ILI VIŠE
VAKUOLA SA VODOM,
ŠEĆERIMA,
MINERALNIM
MATERIJAMA, ULJIMA,
BJELANČEVINAMA
KOJE ĆELIJA PREMA
POTREBI KORISTI
• POSLIJE KIŠE BILJKA U
VAKUOLAMA IMA VIŠE VODE, PA
IZGLEDA SVJEŽIJE.
• KAD POTROŠI VODU IZ VAKUOLA
BILJKA UVENE
• NEKE ŽIVOTINJSKE
ĆELIJE IMAJU
VAKUOLE, KAO I
BILJNE. TO SU ĆELIJE
JEDNOĆELIJSKIH
ŽIVOTINJA.
DA PONOVIMO...
• PITANJA
1. PO ČEMU SU BILJNE I
ŽIVOTINJSKE ĆELIJE
SLIČNE?
2. ZAŠTO JE VEĆINA BILJAKA
ZELENE BOJE?
• ODGOVORI
1. IMAJU ĆELIJSKU
MEMBRANU, JEDRO I
CITOPLAZMU.
2. ZATO ŠTO SADRŽE
HLOROFIL.
• PITANJA
1. ŠTA SE NALAZI U
VAKUOLAMA ĆELIJE?
2. KOJIM MATERIJAMA
PRIPADA CELULOZA?
• ODGOVORI
1. NALAZI SE ĆELIJSKI SOK
(VODA, ŠEĆERI I DRUGE
MATERIJE).
2. SLOŽENI ŠEĆER.

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Biljna i životinjska ćelija

  • 1. PO ČEMU SE BILJNA ĆELIJA RAZLIKUJE OD ŽIVOTINJSKE? • OSNOVNI DIJELOVI BILJNE I ŽIVOTINJSKE ĆELIJE SU ISTI: ĆELIJSKA MEMBRANA, JEDRO I CITOPLAZMA • OKO MEMBRANE BILJNA ĆELIJA IMA NEŽIVI ĆELIJSKI ZID. • ĆELIJSKI ZID JE GRAĐEN OD SLOŽENOG ŠEĆERA CELULOZE
  • 3. ĆELIJSKI ZID • ĆELIJSKI ZID IMA U SEBI MNOGO OTVORA KOJI OMOGUĆAVAJU RAZMJENU MATERIJA IZMEĐU ĆELIJA • ĆELIJSKI ZID DAJE BILJNOJ ĆELIJI ČVRSTOĆU I OBLIK
  • 4. HLOROPLASTI • BILJNE ĆELIJE SADRŽE HLOROPLASTE – ORGANELE U KOJIMA SE NALAZI ZELENI PIGMENT HLOROFIL
  • 5. FOTOSINTEZA U HLOROPLASTIMA • HLOROPLASTI UPIJAJU SUNČEVU SVJETLOST I KORISTEĆI ENERGIJU TE SVJETLOSTI PROCESOM FOTOSINTEZE STVARAJU ŠEĆERE
  • 6. HROMOPLASTI • NEKE BILJKE IMAJU I HROMOPLASTE – ORGANELE SA ŽUTOM, NARANDŽASTOM ILI CRVENOM BOJOM (PIGMENTOM)
  • 7. • LISTOVI SU ZELENE BOJE JER IMAJU NAJVIŠE HLOROFILA. U JESEN SE HLOROFIL POVLAČI U STABLO A VIDE DOTADA SKRIVENE NIJANSE ŽUTE ILI CRVENE BOJE.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. HROMATOGRAFIJA • BILJNI PIGMENTI SE MOGU RAZDVOJITI HROMATOGRAFIJOM. • RAZLIČITI PIGMENTI PUTUJU RAZLIČITIM BRZINAMA U RASTVARAČU I OBRAZUJU SVOJE TRAKE
  • 11. LEUKOPLASTI • U LEUKOPLASTIMA SE GOMILA REZERVNA MATERIJA – ŠEĆER SKROB
  • 12. PLASTIDI • HLOROPLASTI, HROMOPLASTI I LEUKOPLASTI SE NAZIVAJU JEDNIM IMENOM PLASTIDI
  • 13. VAKUOLE • BILJNA ĆELIJA SADRŽI JEDNU ILI VIŠE VAKUOLA SA VODOM, ŠEĆERIMA, MINERALNIM MATERIJAMA, ULJIMA, BJELANČEVINAMA KOJE ĆELIJA PREMA POTREBI KORISTI • POSLIJE KIŠE BILJKA U VAKUOLAMA IMA VIŠE VODE, PA IZGLEDA SVJEŽIJE. • KAD POTROŠI VODU IZ VAKUOLA BILJKA UVENE
  • 14. • NEKE ŽIVOTINJSKE ĆELIJE IMAJU VAKUOLE, KAO I BILJNE. TO SU ĆELIJE JEDNOĆELIJSKIH ŽIVOTINJA.
  • 15. DA PONOVIMO... • PITANJA 1. PO ČEMU SU BILJNE I ŽIVOTINJSKE ĆELIJE SLIČNE? 2. ZAŠTO JE VEĆINA BILJAKA ZELENE BOJE? • ODGOVORI 1. IMAJU ĆELIJSKU MEMBRANU, JEDRO I CITOPLAZMU. 2. ZATO ŠTO SADRŽE HLOROFIL. • PITANJA 1. ŠTA SE NALAZI U VAKUOLAMA ĆELIJE? 2. KOJIM MATERIJAMA PRIPADA CELULOZA? • ODGOVORI 1. NALAZI SE ĆELIJSKI SOK (VODA, ŠEĆERI I DRUGE MATERIJE). 2. SLOŽENI ŠEĆER.