Piaget's Theory

3: Cognitive Development - Piaget ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What is cognition? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

A Constructivist Approach ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Nature and Nurture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sources of Continuity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Discontinuities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development ,[object Object],Sensorimotor Birth to 2 years Infants know the world through their senses and through their actions. For example, they learn what dogs look like and what petting them feels like. Preoperational 2 - 7 years Toddlers and young children acquire the ability to internally represent the world through language and mental imagery. They also begin to be able to see the world from other people’s perspectives, not just from their own.

Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development ,[object Object],Concrete Operational 7 - 12 years Children become able to think logically, not just intuitively. They now can classify objects into coherent categories and understand that events are often influenced by multiple factors, not just one. Formal Operational 12+ years Adolescents can think systematically and reason about what might be as well as what is. This allows them to understand politics, ethics, and science fiction, as well as to engage in scientific reasoning.

Sensorimotor Substages ,[object Object],Sub Age Description 1 Birth – 1 month Infants begin to modify the reflexes with which they are born to make them more adaptive. 2 1 – 4 months Infants begin to organize separate reflexes into larger behaviors, most of which are centered on their own bodies.

Sensorimotor Substages ,[object Object],Sub Age Description 3 4 – 8 months Infants becoming increasingly interested in the world around them. By the end of this substage, object permanence , the knowledge that objects continue to exist even when they are out of view, typically emerges. 4 8 – 12 months During this substage, children make the A-Not-B error , the tendency to reach to where objects have been found before, rather than to where they were last hidden.

Object permanence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Piaget’s A-Not-B Task ,[object Object]

Sensorimotor Substages ,[object Object],Sub Age Description 5 12 – 18 months Toddlers begin to actively and avidly explore the potential uses to which objects can be put. 6 18 – 24 months Infants become able to form enduring mental representations. The first sign of this capacity is deferred imitation , the repetition of other people’s behavior a substantial time after it occurred.

Preoperational Stage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Piaget’s Three-Mountain Task ,[object Object]

Egocentric Conversations ,[object Object]

The Balance Scale: An Example of Centration ,[object Object]

[object Object],Procedures Used to Test Conservation

Concrete Operational Stage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inhelder and Piaget’s Pendulum Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Formal Operational Stage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Implications for Education ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Critique of Piaget’s Theory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Critique of Piaget’s Theory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Learning outcomes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Piaget's Theory

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