Environmental Science (2 Types of Grassland) and Chaparral

1. Grassland & Chaparral
Group 3 Members:
Irah Maye Singson
Denise Campillanos
Rigel Zumarraga
Darleen Jenn Bobis
Philip Tenido
Objectives:
• Defining the Grassland and Chaparral
• Classify what is the examples of Grassland and
Chaparral in the Philippines
• Identifying the biotic and abiotic in the two biome
• Determine their climate
• Determine the Human impact and how to lessen
these impact.

2. GRASSLAND BIOME
• Are large, rolling terrains of grasses, flowers and herbs.
• A region where the average annual precipitation is great enough to support grasses, and in some
areas a few trees
• It can be found in the middle latitudes, in the interiors of continents.
• The most Important plants here are grasses
TWO KINDS OF
GRASSLAND
1. TEMPERATE GRASSLAND: called PRAIRIES
-grasses grow from roots just underground and are not killed when fires
burns their leaves and stem. Because of hard underground stems and buds .
2. TROPICAL GRASSLAND: called SAVANNA
- the length of the growing season is determined by how long the rainy
season lasts. Also, it determined by temperature. Found in the tropics…near equator.
Amount of precipitation supports tall grasses but only occasional.

3. TEMPERATE GRASSLAND: called
PRAIRIES• The prairie grasses’ success, like most other plants, is dependent on
moisture. Where there is more moisture, the prairie grasses grow very
tall.
• Where there is less rain, the grasses are likely to be short.
• Some areas are a mixture of tall and short grasses.
Climate:
•hot summers and cold winters.
Coron Palawan
Bohol
Araceli Palawan
Batanes

4. Prairie soil is deep and fertile
much of the land and used to
grow grains such as:
Corn Plantation
Cagayan Valley
Barley Plantation Cordillera
Temperatures in the temperate grasslands vary with the seasons.
In some areas winter temperatures can fall to well below 0
degrees Fahrenheit. And in summer, temperatures can reach
above 90 degrees Fahrenheit.
The grasses in the prairie are
green in spring and turn
brown in summer and fall.
In other country, snow
protects the plants from
the cold and also
provides water in spring
when the snow melts.

5. • Grasslands don’t provide much shelter for predators to
hide, and they do provide an abundance of grass for
food.
• Most prairie animals are herbivores, however
there are some carnivores and omnivores.
TROPICAL GRASSLAND: CALLED SAVANNA
• The Savanna is a grassland with scattered individual trees.
• Climate is always found in warm or hot climates where the annual
rainfall is from about 20- 50 inches per year. The largest part of
savannas may receive as much as 50 inches of rain during the 6
mons of wet season, but as little as 4 inch during dry season. But,
the rain does not fall even throughout the year in the savanna.
There is a very rainy and very dry season.
Calauit Island,
Busuanga
Palawan.
Cebu Safari
Palawan
Calauit Island,
Busuanga
Palawan.
Places

6. The tree's small leathery
leaves reduce
water loss during the dry
season.
Acacia tree
Plants
Whistling Thorn
With lots of long grass, the savanna is a
perfect place
for large grassing eating herbivores.—
more than any
other biome on Earth.
Baboy Ramo
Tamaraw
Elephants
Giraffes
Buffalo
Zebras
Many of the animals that live in savannas rely
on speed for survival, as the vast open areas
provide little means of escape from quick
predators.
Grows in Tufts
Resistance to Drought
Many plants have thorns and
sharp leaves to protect
against predation

7. Human impact and how to lessen these impact.
Threats
•Continued global warming could turn current marginal grasslands into
deserts as rainfall patterns change.
•Land once incompatible with row-crop agriculture, but which provided a living
to ranching families and habitat for prairie wildlife, is being converted to row
crops.
•Development of urban areas is increasingly cutting into grassland habitat.
•Drought-hardy, cold-resistant, and herbicide-tolerant varieties of soybeans,
wheat, and corn allow crops to expand into native grassland.
•Where only one crop is grown, pests and disease can spread easily, creating
the need for potentially toxic pesticides.

8. Solutions
•Continue education efforts on how to protect the soil and
prevent soil erosion.
•Protect and restore wetlands, which are an important part of
grassland ecology.
•Rotate agricultural crops to prevent the sapping of nutrients.
•Plant trees as windbreaks.
•Conduct dry season burning to obtain fresh growth and to
restore calcium to the soil that builds up in the dry grasses.

9. Chaparral Biome
 This biome is characterized by
having both forest and grassland.
 Parts of the chaparral biome exist
in California, Oregon, South Africa,
and Australia.
 It comes from
the Spanish word
meaning shrub
oak

10. Biotic Organisms
 Honey
Bees
 Humming Bird
 Olive Tree
 Hawk-Eagle

11. Abiotic Factors
 Temperature
○ Typically very hot during the day
and cool to cold at night.
 Rainfall
○ Dry and receives only 25 to 44 cm of
rain a year, predominantly in the winter
rain season. Summer sees
approximately 0 to 5 cm of rain and
because of this droughts are
commonplace.
 Light
○ Similar to deserts, the Chaparral
biome has a very low moisture content
in the air and as such clouds rarely
form. Light in the Chaparral biome is
constant and bright.

12.  Seasons
 The Chaparral biome has two main seasons: a hot and dry
summer season that lasts for around five months and a wet winter.
The winter season is when virtually all of the biome's rainfall
occurs.
 Soil
 The soil of the biome is typically dry and dusty, with little nutrients.
The soil is vulnerable to erosion due to its fine nutrient poor nature.
Below the layer of soil is typically a thin layer of clay or rock. The
soil conditions make it very difficult for any vegetation to grow.

13. Human Impacts
 Tourist attractions
 Development (Buildings, Factories, etc.)
 Pollution
 Animal Hunting
 Forest fire
 Kaingin

14. Solutions
 Do not live near or build homes in this area.
 Do not hunt animals.
 Do not cut trees