This document discusses the opportunities and challenges of unmanned aviation. It notes various commercial applications of drones like precision agriculture, infrastructure inspection, and disaster relief. However, it also outlines challenges like general acceptance, regulatory compliance, data protection, and liability issues. The document warns of potential hazards, like drones interfering with emergency response efforts or being used for criminal activities like smuggling. It examines detection and countermeasure technologies for drones. Finally, it discusses the challenges of further integrating drones into civil airspace and ensuring their safe, ethical, and regulated use as the technology continues to develop.

1. © 2013, EASC e.V.© 2015, EASC e.V.
GeoMonday 2015.3
Chances & challenges of unmanned aviation
Christian Janke

2. © 2013, EASC e.V.© 2015, EASC e.V.
UAV – Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle
UAS – Unmanned Aircraft System
RPAS – Remotely Piloted Aircraft System
Drone
Operator: legal entity that operates commercially
(R)LOS – Radio Line of Sight
VLOS – Visual Line of Sight
Terminology

3. © 2013, EASC e.V.
Chances of Unmanned Aviation:
Possible applications:
precision agriculture, infrastructure inspection, wind energy
monitoring, pipeline and power inspection, highway monitoring,
natural resources monitoring,
environmental compliance checking,
atmospheric research, media and entertainment,
sporting event photography, filming,
wildlife protection and research,
hunting and anti-hunting monitoring and disaster relief

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Challenges of Unmanned Aviation
 General acceptance
 Regulatory comliance
 Data protection
 Liability
 Hazards and potential threats from RPAS

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Private and commercial:
Industrial espionage of IP with optical, acoustic und EM- Intel
Intrusion in control zones – RPAS in short final approach
Catastrophic event with mass casualties -
Interference of media RPAS with rescue forces
Crime: contraband or smuggling into prisons
Terrorism: payload delivery into security perimeters or ramming of civilian
airplanes
Hazards and potential threats from RPAS

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• Optical and acoustical sensors
• Radar
• Frequency scanning
• Awareness
• Laser barriers
Possible detection technologies

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• Signal- Jamming
• Spoofing
• Forced landing
• Interceptor UAV with homing device or net
• Disruption of electronic operations (CPU, navigation,
propulsion)
• Passive infrastructure
Possible countermeasure technologies

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Development in Unmanned Aviation, Technology and Robotics

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 Demand for secure data connection LOS and BLOS
 Increasing bandwidth demand
 Rise of new business models
 Demand for Detection technologies (optics, acoustics, laser, radar)
 Demand for Counter-Technologies (Jamming, Spoofing, EMP, etc.)
 The first threshold: Integration in low airspace with operation
- beyond visual line of sight
Development in Unmanned Aviation

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Development in Unmanned Aviation
Development of an
UAS or robotic
platform
Business Case
Technical Feasibil.
Compliance
Revenue
generation through
increased demand,
effectivity or
efficiency

11. © 2013, EASC e.V.
Development in Unmanned Aviation
Development of an
UAS or robotic
platform
Business Case
Technical Feasibil.
Compliance
Revenue
generation through
increased demand,
effectivity or
efficiency

12. © 2013, EASC e.V.
 Integration in civil environment will be a challenge
with automotive, railway and aviation
 Tremendous issues in ethics, liability and acceptance
 Insurance industry
 The new field of Robotic Jurisdiction
 incidents and accidents in automatic or autonomous operations
 New Law of Asimov ?
 Prevention of Misuse
Development of Unmanned Technology

13. © 2013, EASC e.V.
Thank you for your attention!
Christian Janke
RPAS Test- and Research Center TReC at EDAZ