Green Computing

1. Green Computing
By
Gaurav Fouzdar

2. Highlights
•
Introduction to Green Computing
•
Tips for Green Computing
•
First & Second Wave of Green Computing
•
Factors driving adoption of Green Computing
•
Implementing Green Computing strategies

3. Introduction
•
Green computing is the study and practice of
environmentally sustainable computing or IT.
•
Green computing is also known as Green IT or ICT
Sustainability.
•
Why Green Computing?
•
Motto behind Green Computing.

4. Tips for Green Computing
• Power-down the computer and all peripherals during extended periods of inactivity.
• Try to do computer-related tasks during contiguous, intensive blocks of time, leaving
hardware off at other times.
• Power-up and power-down energy-intensive peripherals such as laser printers
according to need.
• Use liquid-crystal-display (LCD) monitors rather than cathode-ray-tube (CRT)
monitors.
•
Use notebook computers rather than desktop computers whenever possible.
• Using the power-management software.
• Minimize the use of paper and properly recycle waste paper.
• Dispose of e-waste according to federal, state and local regulations.

5. Green Computing: First Wave
•
Since its inception IT industry focused more on meeting customer demand and
less on energy efficiency.
•
Investment in data centers, including the energy cost for running and cooling
them, is a major consideration for IT managers.
•
A medium enterprise data center cost from $500M to $1B, a three-fold increase
since 2003.
•
Data centers typically account for 25% of total corporate IT budgets.
•
Due to immediate business impact organizations are focusing on reducing
costs.

7. •
The high and increasing use of electricity makes data centers an important
source of greenhouse gases.
•
For information-intensive organizations, data centers can account for over 50%
of the total corporate carbon footprint.
•
Ecological issues such as dealing with e-waste, pollution, usage of critical
resources such as water, toxic materials etc. need to be addressed.
Factors Driving the Adoption of Green Computing
1.
Rapid growth of internet – ecommerce, social media, online video and music
2.
Increasing equipment power density –Significant increase in the server
requirements has led to major increase in power density of data centers.

8. •
Density has increased more than ten times from 300 watts per square foot
1996 to over 4,000 watts per square foot in 2007.
3. Increasing cooling requirements -The increase in server power density has led
to concomitant increase in data center heat density.
•
Servers require approximately 1 to 1.5 watts of cooling for each watt of power
used.
4. Increasing energy costs -Data center expenditures for power and cooling can
exceed that for equipment over the useful life of a server.
5. Restrictions on energy supply and access- Companies such as
Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo have built new data centers in the Pacific Northwest
near the Columbia River.

9. Implementing Green Computing
Strategies
1. Data center infrastructure- Infrastructure equipment includes chillers, power
supplies, storage devices, switches, pumps, fans, and network equipment etc.
2. Thermal load management-Technology compaction in data centers has
increased power density and the need for efficient heat dissipation.
•
Typical strategies for thermal management are variable cooling delivery, airflow
management, and raised-floor data center designs to ensure good air flow.
3. Virtualization- It improves the utilization of existing IT resources while reducing
energy use, capital spending and human resource costs.
4. Cloud computing and cloud services -As Internet-based computing centralizes
in the data center, software technology has advanced to enable applications to be
used where and when needed.

10. 6.Power Management
Power management for computer systems are desired for many reasons,
particularly:
•
· Reduce cooling requirements.
•
· Reduce operating costs for energy.
7.Materials Recycling
•
Computer recycling refers to recycling or reuse of a computer or electronic
waste.
•
Recycling computing equipment can keep harmful materials such as lead,
mercury
•
Often computers gathered through recycling drives are shipped to developing
countries
http://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/servers/management/dynamic-powercapping/index.html

11. •
Energy Consumption- Source and amount of energy consumption significantly
contributes to GHG emissions.
•
Reduced energy consumption= reduced green house gas emissions = reduced
operational costs for the data center and business.
•
Virtualization term refers to many things but in a broader sense it’s a idea of
sharing.
•
Virtualization can be applied at many levels; higher levels are greener than
those at lower levels.
•
Level 0 - Local
•
Level 1- Logical
•
Level 2 - Data Centre virtualization
•
Level 3 - Cloud Virtualization

12. Green Computing: Second wave
•
Second wave is about Sustainable IT services.
•
Sustainable IT is about everything an organization needs to do to ensure that IT
services delivers superior value to attain a strong market position.
•
Service sustainability. At a minimum, this includes effective and reliable
processes for delivering IT services.
•
Temporal sustainability: To sustain IT services over time an organization has to
start with a clear understanding of the value that is to be created.
•
Cost sustainability: This includes acquisition and operating costs such as the
choice of low cost hardware and software.

14. •
Environmental sustainability: IT services must be able deliver customer and
business value while ensuring that the Earth’s resources are being used at a
rate that ensures replenishment.
•
Environmental Regulation: The European standards are focused on electronic
waste and the control of hazardous materials used in manufacture. The U.S.
standards are focused on energy efficiency.
•
Meeting the expectations of environmental regulation authorities like WEEE ,
Energy Star 4.0 standard, EPEAT etc.