HCI - Case Study - Digital Fridge

“Designing Digital Systems: The Digital Fridge Case Study”
Furrukh Ali Baig (10284249)
Students (Human Computer Interaction)
University of Hertfordshire
ferrukh87@hotmail.com
0092-345-3037418
May 2011

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Table of Contents
Table of Contents............................................................................................................ 2
Acknowledgement........................................................................................................ 3
1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 4
2 Current Principles and Standards .......................................................................... 4
2.1 ISO-9241............................................................................................................. 4
2.2 My proposed Approach ....................................................................................... 6
3 User and Usage Modeling ....................................................................................... 7
3.1 User Analysis ...................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Usage Analysis ................................................................................................... 8
3.3 User Typing......................................................................................................... 9
3.4 User Profile ....................................................................................................... 10
4 Scenarios: Usage Example ................................................................................... 14
5 Hierarchical Task Analysis.................................................................................... 15
6 Requirement Specification .................................................................................... 17
6.1 Project Drivers................................................................................................... 17
6.2 Project Constraints............................................................................................ 18
6.3 Functional Requirements .................................................................................. 19
6.4 Non-Functional Requirements........................................................................... 19
6.5 Project Issues.................................................................................................... 20
6.6 Possible Extensions .......................................................................................... 20
7 Designs ................................................................................................................... 21
7.1 Story Boards ..................................................................................................... 21
7.2 Prototype........................................................................................................... 23
8 Review of Work....................................................................................................... 25
8.1 References………………………………………………………………………..........25
8.2 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………............26

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Acknowledgements
I like to acknowledge the support of our colleagues who participated in the mini
projects and discussion regarding digital fridge on study net from where this work
initiated. I would also acknowledge Martina A. Doolan, our module leader for guiding
us at every point when we got stuck, as well as the input of any supervisor or other
internal or external assistance because without their effort, the completion of the
report would not have been possible.

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Introduction
The aim of this project is to introduce a new digital fridge by DF to the electronic market
which is highly equipped with the latest technology elements and is easy to use. The fridge
is highly equipped with automatic ordering through specialized e-commerce websites, can
perform calls over 2G and 3G networks, have CCTV monitoring and facilitate the end user
through latest recipes available. The whole computer system is an integrated part of the
fridge and the fridge software runs in KIOSK mode which can be operated through a 15 inch
touch screen monitor. The fridge also provides its user with recipes, which helps them to
make new food for themselves and family.
Current Principles and Standards
ISO are one of the most effective and suitable usability standards.ISO is a worldwide
standardization organization which develops international standards and identifies set of
distinct four aims for standards,
1) Cooperative Understanding
2) Health, Safety and Protection of environment
3) Interface & interchange ability
4) Fitness for purpose.
ISO-9241
ISO-9241 consists of various parts and each part deals with particular category.
Part 3 is specialized for “Visual Display Requirements” that deals with design issues for
visual display terminals and its performance.
Part 5 of the ISO-9241 deals with “Workstation layout and postural requirements” which
explains the workplace in which the user can easily adopt a comfortable and efficient
posture.
Part 7 is about “Display requirements with Reflection” which explains the amount of glare
and various forms of reflections from display screens.
Part 9”Requirements for non-keyboard input devices” explains in depth the requirement
of input devices such as mouse, touch screens and other pointing devices along with
their performance tests.
Part 12 “Presentation of information” deals with specific issues involved in representing
and presenting information in visual forms.
Part 13 is about” User Guidance” that explains more about different forms of user
guidance including tutorials, documentation, help videos and error-handling systems.

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Part 14 “Menu Dialogues” contains a large number of information regarding relevant
researches.
Justification and Explanation
ISO-9241 suits best to this project and evaluation of ISO-9241 over the project is as
following.
Part 3 – The LED touch screen of the fridge should be stable, legible and stable under
normal circumstances.
Part 5 -
o Versatility/flexibility –It should be possible to perform various tasks at the
digital fridge.
o Fit- In a digital fridge a fit needs to be there between the tasks performs and
the needs.
o Posture – Digital fridge encourages the user to perform tasks during different
postures.
o Maintenance/ adaptability – Maintenance access should be easy and should
be able to adopt the changing requirements.
Part 7- LED touch screen should give best quality picture in day lights and should
have proper image luminance ratio with reflections.
Part 9 - It is considered useable if users can attain an acceptable level of
performance on a specified task in digital fridge and uphold an acceptable level of
attempt, satisfaction and should achieved best results when usability test is executed
on the digital fridge.
Part 12 – The users can easily perform the perceptual tasks very easily on the digital
fridge like searching for information on the screen. Seven guiding principles should
be fulfilled by the information provided such as; clarity, consistency, detect ability,
comprehensibility etc.
Part 13 – The digital fridge should have some help and video tutorials for the users to
help them going through the software, direct error reporting should be there to report
any error occurred in the fridge.
Part 14 – Hierarchical menu is recommended in the fridge software to have more
easily access through different options. Wide scrolling bars would allow user to have
more accessibility font and menu size may be resizable to achieve more usability.

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My Proposed Approach
The fridge is highly equipped with latest technology and is in accordance with the ISO-9241
standards. The fridge should have 15 inch touch screen monitor in compliance with the part
3, 5 & 7 of the ISO-9241, each section of the software contains the main menu shortcut so
that any transaction can be terminated at any time which enhances the usability. Menu is
designed in hierarchical structure along with themes for particular user to have more
interaction with the fridge which is in accordance with the ISO-9241 Part-14 and Part-12, a
user logs in through its gesture and particular theme and personal settings will appear
according to that user, the gesture in implemented on the touch screen and fulfil the ISO-
9241 Part 9.
The fridge also provides its user with recipes, which helps them to make new food for
themselves and family. The help section of the software also provides video tutorial for user
assistance and firmware update option to update their firmware for better performance and
functionality according to ISO-9241 Part-13.
The fridge is equipped with a bar code reader that will allow the user to update their food list
database along with food expiry details. The GPRS modem is built in the system which is
compatible with 2G and 3G networks and allows user to make calls through the fridge for
this purpose a MIC and a speaker is integrated in the system to have better voice quality and
they should be in compliance with the ISO-9241 Part-9.
The digital fridge can be connected to a printer in order to print list of items for the user who
wanted to buy any item by going physically to the store. For automated ordering through
specialized e-commerce websites, an Ethernet port is provided so that the fridge can be
easily connected over internet.

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User and Usage Modelling
User Analysis
Persona 1: Maria Rabello
Maria is a doctor by education but now caring her family by acting as a housewife .She is 35
of age having two children, both them are school going .She is familiar with computer and
knows how to operate it; as she operates the computer often. She is a very careful and
conscious about cleanliness. She likes going out for shopping because according to her it’s
the only time she spent for herself and enjoys it a lot. She is a very social kind of lady and
invites friends to her place for dinner parties very frequently. She is a very good cook and
loves to experiment in preparing new kind of dishes. Maria is very health conscious and
relies on the new food recipes which give herself and her family a very good health, in terms
of proper nutrition’s provide by the daily food.
Persona 2: Ian Johnson
Ian is a student at a first degree college. He is 23 of age and a bachelor by marital status. He
lives alone in a rented house. Being a student he is well familiar with computer and internet.
Ian is very lazy in doing house work and is very careless in all terms. He hates shopping as it
is a waste of time going and browsing around for stuff, on the other hand he prefers online
shopping so that in this way he can save the time for his studies. He is not social at all as he
didn’t find any leisure time except his studies. He hates cooking food and most of the time
prefer ‘ready to eat meals’; for him food is an essential part of his life, so he just prefer eating
them rather than going into nutrition or fat values.

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Usage Analysis
Usage Analysis is the scenario in which knowledge of usage statistic is achieved.
Frequency of Use: Maria being a housewife; the frequency of using digital fridge is very
high or very much.
Duration of Use: If 15 minutes are taken each time to complete a transaction on digital
fridge then duration of use may range from 1hr to 3 hrs daily.(Assumption: Breakfast,
Brunch, Lunch, Supper, Dinner; if each transaction takes 15 min. then it sum up to 1hr 15
min.)
Environment of Use: The environment is a clean/tidy/neat kitchen, as Maria being a doctor
and housewife is very careful about tidiness and cleanliness resulting in non oily and non
dusty environment.
Interruptions: Interruptions may have two types, Hardware interruptions and Software
interruptions.
Hardware Interruption: Hardware Interruption is less in Maria case; as she will carefully
handle the fridge doors and accessories.
Software Interruption: Software interruption is also less in Maria case; as she will also
carefully use the software of digital fridge.
Frequency of Use: Ian being a student; the frequency of using digital fridge is an average
use.
Duration of Use: If 15 minutes are taken each time to complete a transaction on digital
fridge then duration of use may range from 30 min to 1hrs 30 min daily. (Assumption:
Breakfast, Supper, Dinner; if each transaction takes 15 min. then it sum up to 45 min.)
Environment of Use: The environment is a dirty/untidy kitchen, as Ian being a student and
careless person cleans the kitchen often resulting in dusty and oily environment.

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Interruptions: Interruptions may have two types, Hardware interruptions and Software
interruptions.
Hardware Interruption: Hardware Interruption is high in Ian case; as he will roughly handle
the fridge doors and accessories causing damage of touch screen or barcode scanning
hardware error.
Software Interruption: Software interruption is also high in Ian case; as he will also roughly
use the software causing stack overflow of multi operation overload of random access
memory in digital fridge.
User Typing
Cook: This is one of the user types which are mainly concerned with fetching and putting
food into digital fridge along side with getting help through recipes.
Manager: This is the manager of the retail store which is concerned with the training of the
retail staff so that the retail staff will furthermore elaborate the features and working of the
digital fridge to their customers, who comes in the store in seek interest in having a
demonstration of the digital fridge from the store staff. (Assumption: for this reason there
should be a manager tab inside the help menu, which has a video illustration or a video
demo, providing information on using the features of digital fridge.)
Valued End Users: These types of user are most valued and are the end users of the fridge,
who goes to the retail store and buys the digital fridge for their personal use. Their
concerned is to use all the functionalities and options being provided by the digital fridge.
User Typing Relation with Persona: Maria and Ian are ours valued end users in full and
cook in partial as their needs lie within both categories.

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User Profiling
Characteristics Notes on
characteristics
Requirements Implied Features in
Application
Type of User Novice Easy operation of
functionality and step
by step procedures
required
Menu listing and
hierarchical structure
of menu is provided
along with scroll bar.
Age Range 30 – 55 May have colour
blindness or visual
acuity.
A sober colour theme
with attractive
colours is
implemented, without
having red and green
colour in any theme.
Large Icons with
labels are also
provided.
Frequency of Use High Fast processing and
less time to complete
transaction.
Menu and Scrolling
is provided with least
number of steps to
complete each
transaction.
Computer
Experience
Beginner Less complexity of
browsing around the
software.
Icons with labels
provided in the menu
to have visual ease
too. All options are
provided on the main
menu to have a step
by step procedure.
Video tutorial also
provided in help
section.
Education Doctor/Bachelors
Degree
General terminologies
required for user
Easy and general
words are used for

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without having
computers degree
browsing within the
menus.
Goals Easy Operation Specific, menu tabs
required.
Menu tabs along with
labels which are in
hierarchy is provided
alongside with wide
scroll bars.
Language skills English (UK) Multiple languages Languages of most
of the countries are
provided.
Training Training required Training may be
required due to novice
computer user
Tutorial on how to
use this fridge is
provided in the help
section along with
video demo.
Other system used MS Windows Don’t able to browse
into any other feature
except the digital fridge
software.
The software
executing in a KIOSK
mode ,
Time Factor High priority Fast access to options
required
Software is light
weight created and
tested before
deploying providing
high access in
menus and in
completing any
transaction.
Others Relevant/Accurate -- --
Characteristics Notes on
characteristics
Requirements Implied Features in
Application
Type of User Beginner Easy operation of
functionality and step
Menu listing and
hierarchical structure

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by step procedures
required
of menu is provided
along with scroll bar.
Age Range 20 – 35 May have specific
moods different times.
A sober colour theme
with different moods
is implemented,
without having red
and green colour in
any theme. Large
Icons with labels are
also provided.
Frequency of Use Low, often, rough
use
Fast processing and
less time to complete
transaction, as the user
is careless.
Menu and Scrolling
is provided with least
number of steps to
complete each
transaction,
hardware and
software is high
quality passed.
Computer
Experience
Expert May stuck in some
case.
Icons with labels
provided in the menu
to have visual ease
too. All options are
provided on the main
menu to have a step
by step procedure.
Education First Degree
College
General terminologies
required.
General words are
used for browsing
within the menus.
Goals Easy Operation Specific, menu tabs
required.
Menu tabs along with
labels which are in
hierarchy is provided
alongside with wide
scroll bars.
Language skills English (UK) Multiple languages Languages of most
of the countries are
provided.

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Training No Training
required
May stuck in some
options.
Tutorial on how to
use this fridge is
provided in the help
section along with
video demo.
Other system used MS Windows Don’t able to browse
into any other feature
except the digital fridge
software.
The software is
executing in a KIOSK
mode ,
Time Factor High priority Fast access to options
required
Software is light
weight created and
tested before
deploying providing
high access in
menus and in
completing any
transaction.
Others Relevant/Accurate -- --

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Scenario: Usage Example.
It’s a quite nice sunny afternoon and Maria decided to eat some oranges, she all of sudden
went to her brand new digital fridge and applies her personal gesture among the 9 dots on
the screen which brings up all her personalized settings like themes. She then touches the
Food Details icon from where she can then goes to get food icon. In the get food menu she
will select fruits so that oranges can be selected further, after selecting oranges she will
select the quantity of oranges that she wanted to withdraw from the fridge. After selecting
quantity she will click open door to get her oranges from the fridge, on closing the door she
smiled in response to see a thank you and transaction complete message on the screen.
Assumption:
* login is only used to maintain the personalized settings like theme colour etc. for that
particular user
* Quantity of food is based on the food which is placed in the fridge after barcode scanning.
* After Open door click, the door will release the lock automatically but the transaction would
not be completed until the food is scanned by barcode reader and the door is closed.
It’s a busy morning and john has a lot of things in his to do’s list, at first he wants to order
some juices online so that he can refresh himself. He rushes towards his new shiny digital
fridge and applies his gesture among the nine dots, the whole themes changes to blue
colour which cheers his mood. He then click on the ordering icon from the main menu and
goes to item category list that is provided by Sainsbury’s , he clicked on juices and order 1 ltr
marinda for himself, as there is a offer by the store on 12 marinda so he order this quantity in
the quantity section. he then click on the button which says order online as he doesn’t want
to go to the store physically. He inserted his personal details and click done. Now he is
relaxing on his chair and waiting for his drink to deliver as he gets the confirmation receipt of
his order which also relaxes him in security purposes.
Assumption:
particular user
* only those stores are mentioned in the store selection menu which has specific maintained
e-commerce websites.
* The list of items and prices are fetched from their websites by parsing the website data, so
that it can be easily accessed by the end user in KIOSK mode.

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*Print list will automatically print the list of items clicked from external printer; this
functionality is for those users who want to shop that particular store physically.
*User id and password will be entered through gesture recognition system; this system is the
same as the one which is used for login purpose.
Hierarchical Task Analysis
1. In order to get food from digital fridge.
1. Apply personalized gesture to log in.
2. Click ‘Food Details’ icon on main menu.
3. Click ‘Get Food’ icon from food details menu.
4. Now click particular Category from Get Food menu.
4.1 Click the particular item from list.
4.2 Click the button to confirm the quantity.
4.3 Click ‘Open door’ to release door lock.
5. Take out the specific food.
6. Scan the barcode from barcode reader.
7. Close the door to complete transaction.
In order to
get food from
digital fridge
Apply
personalized
gesture to log
in
Click ‘Food
Details’ icon
on main
menu
Click ‘Get
Food’ icon
from food
details menu
Now click
particular
Category in
Get Food
menu
Take out the
specific food
Scan the
barcode from
barcode
reader.
Close the
door to
complete
transaction
Click the
particular
item from list
Click the
button to
confirm the
quantity
Click ‘Open
door’ to
release door
lock
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
4.1 4.2 4.3
Plan 0:
do 1-2-3-4.1-4.2-4.3-5-6-7

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0. In order to shop food from digital fridge.
1. Apply personalized gesture to log in.
2. Click ‘Ordering’ icon from main menu.
3. Select store from store list.
3.1 Click on food items category.
3.2 Click on particular item from the list.
4. Insert the quantity by clicking on the touch nomad & then click done.
5. Choose ‘Place order Online’.
5.1 Enter User Name and Password through gesture system and then
click done.
5.2 Click Print after confirmation receipt is shown or else click done.
Plan 5:
do 5.1 -5.2
Plan3:
do 3.1 -3.2
In order to
shop food
from digital
fridge
Apply
personalized
gesture to log
in
Click
‘Ordering’
icon from
main menu
Select store
from store
list
Insert the
quantity &
then click
done
Choose Place
order online
from the
menu
0
1 2 3 4 5
Plan 0:
do 1-2-3-4.1-4.2-4.3-5-6-7
Click on
food items
category
Click on
particular item
from the list.
3.1 3.2
Enter User
Name and
Password &
Click Done.
Click one option
for transaction
completion.
5.1 5.2

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Requirements and Specification
Project Drivers
The Purpose of Product
Cook: This is one of the user types which are mainly concerned with fetching and putting
food into digital fridge along side with getting help through recipes.
Manager: This is the manager of the retail store which is concerned with the training of the
retail staff so that the retail staff will furthermore elaborate the features and working of the
digital fridge to their customers, who comes in the store in seek interest in having a
demonstration of the digital fridge from the store staff. (Assumption: for this reason there
should be a manager tab inside the help menu, which has a video illustration or a video
demo, providing information on using the features of digital fridge.)
Valued End Users: These types of user are most valued and are the end users of the fridge,
who goes to the retail store and buys the digital fridge for their personal use. Their
concerned is to use all the functionalities and options being provided by the digital fridge.
Other Stakeholders:
Stakeholders Intrest
Client Digital Fridge PLC.
Developing /Test Team ---
Sales Outlets Train the store staff regarding the goods of
the digital fridge.
End Users Main User of the fridge
Food Delivery Companies
To get the best out of the digital fridge, the
digital fridge is capable to parse the data
from major stores websites and will show
them on orderings menu, from where the
user can order .These major stores are like
Sainsbury’s, Asda etc.

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Project Constraints
Mandated Constraints
System should be running in Kiosk mode.
1) There should be no keyboard, not even virtual keyboard.
2) Input and Output of food is done via barcode scanner.
3) Red and Green Colour should not be used; as this colour is not suitable for eye blind
persons.
4) Internet Connection is provided to the fridge.
5) GPRS modem should be build within the fridge to make calls.
6) The Lock should be semi automatic that can be open through hand as well as by the
fridge software.
7) The cooling system of the fridge can be controlled by software.
8) Speaker and Mic is provided to dial and receive calls.
Naming Conventions & Assumptions
None Defined.
Relevant facts & Assumptions
1) System must be integrated within the digital fridge.
2) Barcode Reader is also an integral part of the digital fridge.
3) GPRS modem is also an integral part of the digital fridge.
4) Camera should be integrated at the top of the fridge to cover wide area for CCTV.
5) System Interface should not be window based it’s a full screen interface with no
cancellation button; to stop the KIOSK mode.
Display Requirements
1) The screen should be an LED (Light Emitting diode) screen, so that better resolution and
quality can be achieved in day times or in high light areas.
2) Fonts should be Arial, 14 size by default but can be changed by the user according to
their needs.
3) Screen size should not be more or less than 381mm or 15 inches.

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Functional Requirement
1) The screen should be an LED (Light Emitting diode) screen, so that better resolution and
quality can be achieved in day times or in high light areas.
2) The software for gesture recognition should be fast enough to capture all gestures that
are made by the users.
3) The overall computer system handling all the functionality should be updated/latest
enough to handle multiple transactions at a single time.
4) Barcode reader is an essential part of the system.
5) CCTV is an essential part of the system.
6) GPRS modem should be able to handle all kind of latest technology up-to-date i.e. 2G or
3G.
7) The lock is a semi controlled lock so that the door can be unlocked by the user as well as
by the software.
8) The cooling system of the fridge can be controlled by the software too.
9) Speaker and Mic is integrated within the system to dial and receive calls.
10) Ethernet port is provided within the fridge with a LAN Modem, in order to connect the
fridge with the internet.
11) A hard disk of acceptable range is integrated in the system, to record at least 24 hours of
CCTV, address book for calling and database of record of food stuff for online and offline
transactions.
Non-Functional Requirements
1. Attractive colour themes should be used, Red and green colours should be avoided to
help old age and colour blind persons.
2. A firmware update option should be in listed in the help and setting menu to update
firmware at any time.
3. Possible error occurs in the system should be reported to the fridge company via internet
to improve the quality of software.
4. Fonts should be Arial, 14 sizes by default but can be changed by the user according to
their needs.
5. Screen size should not be more or less than 381mm or 15 inches.
6. It may have circuit security fuses built in with the system so that if any part of the fridge
fails, it will not damage the other parts of the machine.
7. A device for voltage stabilizing can be used to avoid voltage fluctuations.

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8. Fridge may have an error reporting too which also reports the user and company
regarding any malfunctioning or damage of any electrical/software part within the fridge,
to end user the fridge may pop up a window on screen giving warning regarding the fault
and a button for seeking “technical assistance” can be pressed to inform the company.
Project Issues and their Solutions
The fridge may have these major issues;
Problem # 1
May not target the market of rural or countryside areas of country as most of them
may have their own language.
Solution
Display elements can be used in variety to eliminate the language usage.
Problem # 2
The price of the digital fridge may be high due to such functionality and components
integration which may lead towards a market failure rather than a success.
Solution
Fridge may have different models with low, medium and high functionality and the price of
the fridge may vary, depending upon the model.
Problem # 3
Lack of response from the maintenance team causes bad customer reviews regarding the
product that basically influence the whole project.
Solution
Proper and prompt maintenance team, having highly skilled workers to solve issues may
lead to success of the overall project.
Possible Extension
1) Xtraytm
by bartech can be implemented in the digital fridge, Xtraytm
is a tray that can be
fixed anywhere inside the fridge, it will detect the item automatically regardless the size
and weight of the object this can be implemented to get fully automatic inventory of stuff
in the digital fridge.[1]

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2) E baskettm
by bartech can be implemented in the vegetable sections to detect the
vegetable automatically that are placed in the vegetable section.[1]
3) Shock proof doors can be implemented in the digital fridge to avoid any damage by
rough usage. [3]
4) Simple LED screen can be replaced by SAMSUNG AMOLED screens to get better
picture quality and resolution in day times.[2]
5) The body of fridge can be replaced from plastic to stainless steel or special UV coating
can be done in order to avoid scratches and rust.[3]
6) Specialized applications can be added to the software to make the digital fridge more
attractive and advanced like VOIP, video conferencing (Skype Add-ons can be added )
and gaming software that are based on gesture recognition (e.g. Kinnect by XBOX 360
can be integrated).
Designs
Story Boards
Maria will come towards the frdige. She applies her personalized gesture to
Login.
She will go through the heirarchical
menu.
Shw will click on the open door button in
menu and the opens itself

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She will take out the fruits she wanted and the fridge will be showing her a thank you
screen.
Ian will walk towards the frdige in the kitchen He will apply his personalized gesture
He will then browse into the herarchical menu He will then put up his credit card details
through gesture system
After payment he will send a print out the
receipt to the printer
He will then walk away with the confirmation
receipt.

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Prototype
Prototype applications are usually more complete implementations, whereas storyboards
cover a limited set of (usually static) screens.
How Maria Rabello get food from Digital Fridge.
(Assumptions are cleared at the bottom of this table)
2. 14 inches screen with 9 visible dots for
gesture recognition.
3. Icons along with their Labels should be
used.
Heirarchical menu approch used with home
button on every screen to cancel transaction.
Heirarchical menu approch with visible icons
and labels.
Wide scroll bar for easy navigation and items
in a list format for easy navigation.
Quantity fetched from database visible
numbers.
Semi automatic lock will release on
pressing this button.
Greeting message after completion of
transaction to ease customers.

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Assumption:
particular user
* Quantity of food is based on the food which is placed in the fridge after barcode scanning.
* After Open door click, the door will release the lock automatically but the transaction would
not be completed until the food is scanned by barcode reader and the door is closed.
How Ian Johnson shop online from Digital Fridge.
(Assumptions are cleared at the bottom of this table.)
Easy nine dots gesture system for
customers.
Home icon on every page to cancel any
operation at any time.
Specialized maintained e-commerce store
websites integeration.
Icon along with label for easy navigation .
Wide scroll bars with listing of items easy to
understand.Home button on every page to
cancel transaction any time.
Easy quantity entry by pressing the big large
visible numbers.

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Wide scroll bar for easy navigation ,two
options either print out list of items or place
order.
Credit card details can be inserted through
gesture system fast,easy.
Greeting message after completion of transaction to ease customers
Assumption:
particular user
* only those stores are mentioned in the store selection menu which has specific maintained
websites.
* The list of items and prices are fetched from their websites by parsing the website data, so
that it can be easily accessed by the end user in KIOSK mode.
*Print list will automatically print the list of items clicked from external printer; this
functionality is for those users who want to shop that particular store physically.
*User id and password will be entered through gesture recognition system; this system is the
same as the one which is used for login purpose.
References
1. Bartech (1988), “Automatic Minibar -Special Projects” [Online] Available at:
http://www.bartech.com/minibars.php# [Accessed on: 10-4-2011].
2. Samsung, “AMOLED Screens” [Online] Available at: http://amoled.samsungsdi.com/
[Accessed on: 10-4-2011].
3. Won-Jin Kim(2009), “Effective Design of Cushioning Package to Improve Shockproof
Characteristics of Large-Sized Home Appliances” [Online] Available at:
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a909289609 [Accessed on:
11-04-2011].

Furrukh Ali Baig
Page 26 of 26
4. Microsoft, “Kinnect for XBOX-360” [Online] Available at: http://www.xbox.com/en-
GB/kinect [Accessed on: 11-04-2011].
5. Elissa Baxter, (2010) “Failure to Launch” [Online] Available at:
http://www.smh.com.au/digital-life/digital-life-news/failure-to-launch-20100120-mk8g.html
[Accessed on: 12-04-2011].
6. Preece Robbers, (2002), “Interaction Design: Beyond Human-Computer Interaction”
[Online] Available at: http://oro.open.ac.uk/5250/ [Accessed on: 15-04-2011].
7. Ben Shneiderman, (2010), “Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective
Human-Computer Interaction” [Online] Available at: http://www.amazon.com/Designing-
User-Interface-Human-Computer-Interaction/dp/0321197860 [Accessed on: 20-04-2011].
8. Baldiris ET. Al. (2007), “Towards User modelling and Adaptive System for All”,
[Online] Available at: http://labs-
repos.iit.demokritos.gr/conferences/UM2007/UM2007_WS5_TUMAS.pdf
Accessed on: 25-04-2011].
9. Webmaster, (2007), “Fridge of the future” [Online] Available at:
http://uk.danfossuniverse.com/page2076.aspx [Accessed on: 25-04-2011].
Bibliography
1. Peerce Rogers, Interaction Design, John Wiley & Sons 2002.
2. Christine Faulker, Essence of Human Computer Interaction, prentice hall 1998.
3. Alan Dix, Janet Finlay, Human Computer Interaction 3rd
Ed. , Prentice Hall, 2004.
4. P.Johnson, Human Computer Interaction, McGraw-Hill, 1992.
5. Ben Shneiderman, Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-
Computer Interaction, 5th
ed., Pearson 2005.
6. Jens Rasmussen, Henning B. Andersen, Niels Ole Bernsen, Human Computer
Interaction: Research Directions in Cognitive Science, Vol.3, USA: IEA 2 1991.
7. Linda Macaulay, Human Computer Interaction for Software Designers, UK: International
Thomson Computer Press 1995.
8. M.Harrison & H. Thimbleby, Formal Methods in Human Computer Interaction , UK:
Cambridge University Press 1990.

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