Computer Literacy - Grade 6

1. Computer Applications
Grade 6

2. 3 Types of Computers:
Main Frame Microcomputer
b) Largest b) Smallest
c) Most Expensive c) Least Expensive
d) Stores the Most d) Stores Least
Data Amount of Data
Minicomputer
 2nd Largest
 2nd Most Expensive
 2nd in Storing Data

3. Electrical Signals:
 Digital– Uses On or Off electrical
signals.
 Analog – Uses a smooth continuous
change in the electrical signal.

4. 4 Parts of the Computer:
 Input – Enters data into the computer
 Output – Returns processed data
 Memory – Stores data
 Central Processing Unit (CPU) – The
brain or the heart of the computer

5. Memory:
 Random Access Memory (RAM)
2) Memory that we use when we are using the
computer
3) Can be changed
4) Temporary
 Read Only Memory (ROM)
6) Memory that the computer uses
7) Can Not be changed
8) Permanent

6. Central Processing Unit:
 Made up of the following two units:
 Control Unit – directs the flow of the
program or data.
 Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) – all math and
comparing is done here.

7. 4 Parts of the Computer:
MEMORY
CPU
INPUT CONTROL OUTPUT
ALU

8. Inside the Computer:
 Computer Chip – thin wafer of silicon
that is an 1/8th of an inch square.
 Integrated Circuit Chips (ICC) –
integrated electrical circuits on the tiny
computer chips.

9. Large Scale Integration (LSI)
 Process of making a
computer chip:
 A design is made.
 The design is photographed
and reduced to chip size.
 Photograph is “baked” on
the silicon.
 The chip is magnetized.
 The chip is tested and
placed in protective casing.

10. Computer Definitions:
 Bit (binary digit) – tiny electrical signal. If
the signal is On = 1 and if the signal is Off =
0.
 Byte – Pattern of 8 electrical signals or 8
bits. Everything on the keyboard has its
own pattern.
 Nybble – ½ a byte.
 Memory Size:
e) 1 Kilobyte (K) – 1024 bytes
f) 1 Megabyte (meg) – 1024 Kilobytes
g) 1 Gigabyte (gig)–1024 megabytes
h) 1 Terabyte (TB)–1024 gigabytes
1 Gigabyte = approx 500,000 letter-size pages of text information

11. More Definitions:
 Computer Hardware – Any part of the
computer (monitor, disk drive, speakers,
printer…).
 Computer Software – Programs used on the
computer (Microsoft Word, Power Point, Sim
City, LOGO…..).
 Binary Code – Base 2 number system made
up of 1’s and 0’s.
 ASCII Code – Each character on the
computer has it’s own code number.
(See the chart on the next slide).
Don’t write this in your notes!

12. ASCII Chart: