1. ‘HOW POLITICAL PARTIES DEVELOPED AND
THEIR ROLE IN GOVERNMENT TODAY’
Presentation

2. Table Of Contents
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS A POLICY
 PUBLIC POLICY
 PUBLIC ISSUES ON WHICH POLICIES USUALLY MADE
 TYPES OF PUBLIC POLICY
 MAKING POLICY: POLICY FORMULATION AND ADOPTION
 HOW A PUBLIC POLICY IS ADOPTED
 HOW PUBLIC POLICIES WORK?
 ECONOMIC POLICIES

3. INTRODUCTION
A political party is developed on an agenda , and every
political party has its own motto or agenda .
They work on certain policies.
 They deliver their role in regulating the government , by
convincing people that this is a problem and the present
government needs to do this or that.
what they do?
they make Policies.
Public Policy
Economic Policy

4. PUBLIC POLICY

5. WHAT IS A POLICY?
 A policy is an official position on an issue or
a plan of action that is intended to achieve certain results.
 It is a position or plan of action can be taken by:
 A government body.
 A business.
 A not-for-profit organization.
 An individual.

6. Public Policy
 Public policy refers to governmental
programs, rules, and courses of
action.
 Public policies are in statutes,
executive orders, administrative
regulations, judicial rulings, treaties
and executive agreements.
 Federal Reserve Board decisions
(monetary policy), and budgets
(fiscal policy).
Decision
making
Substance
Analysis

7. Public Issues On Which Policies Usually Made
PUBLIC ISSUES
Sex and Violence in
the Media and Music
Indecency And The
Internet
Imported Goods
Shelter Regulations
Climate Change
Food Policy
Tobacco Policy
Inter-Racial Issues

8. Types of Public Policy
 Distributive Policies:
It provide goods and services. This policy include government spending programs that
provide welfare, public education, transportation systems, public safety, or other benefits as
well as tax policies.
 Regulatory policies:
These policies are intended to change the behaviour of individuals or organization.
Regulatory policies are usually used where there is broad consensus about what good
behaviour is and what bad behaviour is e.g.
Traffic laws enforced by fines; “sin” taxes on alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and gambling.
 Social policies:
It includes a broad range of both redistributive and regulatory policies. Social policy is often
distributive policy insofar as it entails taking resources from one group and providing them to
another groups, or from a general population to a particular population.

9. Making Policy: Policy Formulation and Adoption
The process of putting the problem on the government agenda for action is called
Agenda Setting
The Political Parties do this , by their campaign strategies like by providing
awareness to the public that this is the problem from which people are suffering and
present government is not doing this or that.
This increases the pressure on the in-office government. For example: e.g. Prince’s
Purple Rain music album case.(but this was an unsuccessful issue as law was not
passed).
While, talking about all the previous public issues following policies could be
formulated : Health Policy, Environment Policy, Energy Policy

10. How a Public Policy is Adopted
(Andrews et al., 2021)

11. How Public Policies work?
 Public policy is both an academic discipline and a profession.
 The professional association of public policy practitioners, researchers, scholars, and
students is the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
 The academic discipline of public policy includes a broad range of social science
fields including political science, economics, sociology, and public administration.
 A government is responsible for taking action and make policy and implement it.
e.g. If a government decision is not to make a policy for climate change,
health issues , food security . it is then, the responsibility of politics to do efforts and
agree the government to take action .

12. ECONOMIC POLICY

13. References
Andrews, J. C., Burton, S., Gundlach, G. T., Hill, R. P., Kees, J., Netemeyer, R. G., & Walker, K. L. (2021).
What Exactly Is Marketing and Public Policy? Insights for JPPM Researchers. Journal of Public
Policy &Amp; Marketing, 41(1), 10–33. https://doi.org/10.1177/07439156211042018.