Importance of Evidence Collection and Analysis
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1. Physical evidence includes fingerprints, firearms, trace evidence, biological evidence, and documents which are collected using various techniques like powder or chemical processing, photography, or sealing in containers. 2. Testimonial evidence includes witness statements, videos, and audio recordings which are gathered through interviews. 3. Once collected, evidence is examined using specialized tools, chemicals, and analysis techniques in laboratories to identify suspects or reconstruct crimes. Proper collection and handling is important to avoid contamination.
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Editor's Notes
- Locard's theory applies to all people in the crime scene, emergency personnel, medical personnel, police officers, witnesses, victims, and animals.
- If evidence is not properly documented with the chain of custody, it will not be admissible
- Where testimonial evidence can be forgotten or altered physical evidence and science are not usually disprovable.
- Testimonial evidence is best when corroborated with physical evidence
- The professionals who examine and document this evidence also can serve as expert witnesses
- The examination of blood spatter can reconstruct the events of the crime
- Document evidence is helpful in cases of fraud, theft, kidnapping, robberies, among other things
- Physical evidence reports are useful in the interrogation stage of an investigation as well
- Any of these contamination issues can cause the evidence to become inadmissible in court.